Along with the development and improvement of measuring technologies and techniques in recent times, new methods have appeared to model and monitor the behavior of land and constructions over time. The main purpose of this research was to develop a new methodology to model and monitor large buildings in a non-invasive way. The methods proposed in this research are non-destructive and can be used to monitor the behavior of buildings over time. A method of comparing point clouds obtained using terrestrial laser scanning combined with aerial photogrammetric methods was used in this study. The advantages and disadvantages of using non-destructive measurement techniques over the classic methods were also analyzed. With a building located in the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca campus as a case study and with the help of the proposed methods, the deformations over time of the facades of that building were determined. As one of the main conclusions of this case study, it can be stated that the proposed methods are adequate to model and monitor the behavior of constructions over time, ensuring a satisfactory degree of precision and accuracy. The methodology can be successfully applied to other similar projects.

The National Program of Systematic Land Registration aims to register all land property in Romania by 2023. The goal has proven difficult to achieve, as by June 2022 only 4% of the localities in the country were completed. The aim of this research is to find the similarities and differences between the fit for purpose principles of land administration for the spatial framework and the practices in The Romanian National Program of Systematic Land Registration. This is the first study that analyzes the Romanian land registration program through the lens of the fit for purpose concept. The research shows that there are similarities with the fit for purpose spatial framework principles for the use of aerial images and the participatory nature of the process. However, The National Program of Systematic Land Registration uses almost exclusively fixed boundaries and does not have different standards of accuracy and procedures for incremental improvement. Registering the parcels earlier in the process, flexibility for accuracy, and technical standards and regulations for incremental improvement of the system can speed up the registration in a fit for purpose manner.

Historical underground workings in the Maleia–Livezeni sector of the Petroșani Coal Basin were reconstructed from four archival mining plans and a coordinate-referenced Drawing Exchange Format (DXF) dataset. Twelve extraction-sector polygons, principal galleries, exploitation limits, dated mining stages, and 567 validated mining-elevation annotations associated with Coal Seam No. 3 were integrated in a geographic information system (GIS) using the Romanian Stereo 70 coordinate reference system (EPSG:3844). Net elevation differences between 2007 and 2026 at seventeen surface benchmarks were used as response variables. Nearest-feature relationships and mining-exposure indicators for 50, 100, and 150 m neighbourhoods were evaluated using exploratory Spearman rank correlations. Cumulative gallery length within 50 m showed the strongest association with elevation-loss magnitude (ρ = 0.734, p = 0.0008, q = 0.010), while extraction-sector coverage and gallery length remained positively associated at broader scales. R19 showed the greatest immediate extraction-sector exposure, whereas R14, which recorded the largest elevation loss, was characterised by a broader concentration of surrounding workings. R09 recorded the smallest elevation change and was approximately 470 m from the nearest reconstructed extraction sector. Cumulative mining configuration was more informative than nearest-sector distance alone for interpreting spatially variable post-mining deformation and highlighted the limitations of archival GIS reconstruction.

Historical underground workings in the Maleia–Livezeni sector of the Petroșani Coal Basin were reconstructed from four archival mining plans and a coordinate-referenced Drawing Exchange Format (DXF) dataset. Twelve extraction-sector polygons, principal galleries, exploitation limits, dated mining stages, and 567 internally checked mining-elevation annotations associated with Coal Seam No. 3 were integrated in a geographic information system (GIS) using the Romanian Stereo 70 coordinate reference system (EPSG:3844). Net elevation differences between 2007 and 2026 at seventeen surface benchmarks were used as response variables. Nearest-feature relationships and mining-exposure indicators for 50, 100, and 150 m neighbourhoods were evaluated using exploratory Spearman rank correlations. Among the originally selected 50, 100, and 150 m neighbourhoods, cumulative gallery length within 50 m showed the strongest planimetric association with |Δ_Z| (ρ = 0.734, p = 0.0008, q = 0.010), while extraction-sector coverage and gallery length remained positively associated at broader scales. R19 showed the greatest immediate extraction-sector exposure, whereas R14, which recorded the largest elevation loss, was characterised by a broader concentration of surrounding workings. R09 recorded the smallest elevation change and was approximately 470 m from the nearest reconstructed extraction sector. Cumulative mining configuration was more informative than nearest-sector distance alone for interpreting spatially variable net surface-elevation change in this legacy mining setting and highlighted the limitations of archival GIS reconstruction.