In this paper, software architecture model “MVC-3DC” for Collaborative Augmented and Virtual Reality Systems design is proposed. This model is the results of merging several aspects: Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), distribution systems, computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) and new technologies such as augmented reality and virtual reality. MVC-3DC integrates collaboration principles between remote users. MVC-3DC allows a low dependency between components such as the core functions, 3D graphics API and data distribution modes. The proposed architectural model integrates simulation models, SDKs and algorithms for different nodes involved in a collaborative session. This facilitates interoperability and capability to manage heterogeneity and relationship between different nodes participating in the collaborative session. Finally, our model makes it possible to integrate other toolkits without completely changing the structure of collaboration model. A simple adaptation could be made.

Augmented reality aims to enrich our real world by inserting 3D virtual objects. In order to accomplish this goal, it is important that virtual elements are rendered and aligned in the real scene in an accurate and visually acceptable way. The solution of this problem can be related to a pose estimation and 3D camera localization. This paper presents a survey on different approaches of 3D pose estimation in augmented reality and gives classification of key-points-based techniques. The study given in this paper may help both developers and researchers in the field of augmented reality.

In this paper, we present a low-cost virtual reality (VR) collaborative system equipped with a haptic feedback sensation system. This system is composed of a Kinect sensor for bodies and gestures detection, a microcontroller and vibrators to simulate outside interactions, and smartphone powered cardboard, all of this are put into a network implemented with Unity 3D game engine. CCS CONCEPTS $\bullet$ Interaction paradigms $\rightarrow$ Virtual reality; Collaborative interaction; $\bullet$ Hardware $\rightarrow$ Sensors and actuators; Wireless devices; KEYWORDS collaborative virtual reality, haptic feedback system.

In this paper, we present MVC-3D design pattern to develop virtual and augmented (or mixed) reality interfaces that use new types of sensors, modalities and implement specific algorithms and simulation models. The proposed pattern represents the extension of classic MVC pattern by enriching the View component (interactive View) and adding a specific component (Library). The results obtained on the development of augmented reality interfaces showed that the complexity of M, iV and C components is reduced. The complexity increases only on the Library component (L). This helps the programmers to well structure their models even if the interface complexity increases. The proposed design pattern is also used in a design process called MVC-3D in the loop that enables a seamless evolution from initial prototype to the final system.