Fighting fraudulent insurance claims is a vital task for insurance companies as it costs them billions of dollars each year. Fraudulent insurance claims happen in all areas of insurance, with auto insurance claims being the most widely reported and prominent type of fraud. Traditional methods for identifying fraudulent claims, such as statistical techniques for predictive modeling, can be both costly and inaccurate. In this research, we propose a new way to detect fraudulent insurance claims using a data-driven approach. We clean and augment the data using analysis-based techniques to deal with an imbalanced dataset. Three pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models, AlexNet, InceptionV3 and Resnet101, are selected and minimized by reducing the redundant blocks of layers. These CNN models are stacked in parallel with a proposed 1D CNN model using Bagged Ensemble Learning, where an SVM classifier is used to extract the results separately for the CNN models, which is later combined using the majority polling technique. The proposed method was tested on a public dataset and produced an accuracy of 98%, with a 2% Brier score loss. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves promising results for detecting fake accident claims.

Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has emerged as a new paradigm in the era of smart systems where interactions and transmission of messages among various entities in an industrial ecosystem are done autonomously. This includes manufacturing of products, shipment process, storage of records, and counting the data, to name a few. However, the involvement of multiple cyber threats that accompany the smart devices may lead the organizations on a heavy risk of profits. Even though the number of cybersecurity approaches have been proposed to ensure a secure and efficient communication mechanism in IIoT systems, the identification of cybersecurity issues in IIoT applications while exchanging the data is still at its early stage. The aim of this article is to propose an efficient cybersecurity communication mechanism using the trust evaluation system of each device to make a correct decision during communication. In addition, the evaluated trust of each device is further analyzed and monitored through a blockchain-based mechanism. The proposed approach is validated against an existing scheme in terms of various security metrics, such as sensitivity of devices while communicating, convergence time of transmitting information and percentage, and probability of malicious devices in terms of data delivery rate, false authentication, and trust value computation.

Traffic congestion constitutes a substantial global issue, adversely impacting economic productivity and quality of life, with associated costs estimated at approximately 2% of GDP in various nations. This systematic review investigates the application of machine learning (ML) in traffic congestion forecasting from 2010 to 2024, adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search of three major databases (IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink, and ScienceDirect) yielded 9695 initial records, with 115 studies meeting the inclusion criteria following rigorous screening. Data extraction encompassed methodological approaches, ML techniques, traffic characteristics, and forecasting periods, with quality assessment achieving near-perfect inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s $\kappa$ = 0.89). Deep Neural Networks were the predominant technical approach (47%), with supervised learning being the most prevalent (57%). Classification tasks were the most common (42%), primarily addressing recurrent congestion scenarios (76%) and passenger vehicles (90%). The quality of publications was notably high, with 85% appearing in Q1-ranked journals, demonstrating exponential growth from minimal activity in 2010 to 18 studies in 2022. Significant research gaps persist: reinforcement learning is underutilized (8%), rural road networks are underrepresented (2%), and industry–academia collaboration is limited (3%). Future research should prioritize multimodal transportation systems, real-time adaptation mechanisms, and enhanced practical implementation to advance intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). This review was not registered because it focused on mapping the research landscape rather than intervention effects.