Face landmarking is a primary goal of many projects that lead to face-preparing activities, like biometric recognition and mental state comprehension. Despite the inherent diversity of faces, the topic has proven to be extremely difficult due to a wide range of perplexing variables, such as position, expression, illumination, and occlusions. The aim of the HASAAM integrated fitting model is to find new solutions for the feature identification issue by combining the strengths of the Active Shape Model (ASM) and Active Appearance Model (AAM) to provide unique findings on the feature detection problem. In the first step, the ASM was used to identify the external shape landmarks of the face, and in the second stage, the AAM was used to identify the interior form landmarks. Then, the two kinds of landmarks are combined to generate the full face landmark. One issue with ASM is that it can’t produce an optimal global result since it will unavoidably converge to neighborhood minima. Nonetheless, ASM produces precise fitting results for the face’s exterior features, which need essential gradient values. In order to prevent AAM from fitting in order to address the local minima problem, ASM was used to identify these exterior landmarks of the face. The trials were run using the MORPH and LFPW datasets, which are available to the general public. In comparison to other techniques like ASM and AAM, the proposed hybrid model experiment result demonstrated effectiveness in extracting facial features with error rates of 2.2628% for the LFPW database and 2.7174% for the MORPH database. This better result helps to compensate for variations in shape and texture. The suggested hybrid method may be expanded to recognize gender, estimate head posture, estimate gaze, find facial feature points in the presence of significant pose fluctuations, and detect facial expressions.

This article is aimed at studying the features of the control systems development for a small-sized Computer Numerical Control (CNC) portative laser engraver. The CNC is implemented in mobile maintenance and repair platforms for remote sensing of the environment where the wild environment may not allow us to access the animals and places. The proposed work in this paper is based on recent research, which shows that applying the automated CNC speeds up the processes of repair, modernizes the equipment size, and significantly reduces the economic costs; accordingly, the authors developed a block diagram of a portable CNC laser engraver. The choice of the hardware was also made, taking into account the possibility of quick replacement in the field, which reduces the repair time and the cost of the developed layout. A control system based on the selected modules was synthesized, and a stability check was carried out using MatLab tools. To check the correctness of the developed control system, the authors developed and assembled an experimental layout to illustrate the results of engraving on such a layout. Finally, the stability and sensitivity of the proposed system have been obtained and proved that the system works in a comfortable zone of stability. The obtained results show that the proposed CNC laser engraver has achieved the expected improvements (high speed, small size, short production and repairing time, minimum human influence factor, and achieving a better outcome).

Robotic systems play an important role in the development and modernization processes of production, facilitation of labor, and human life. The robotic manipulators are outstanding among such systems. Such robots can be used for various spheres of their application. In this case, there is the manipulator’s effective control problem in the working area, of which there may be various obstacles. Therefore, a procedure is required to find the optimal path for moving the robotic arm. To develop such a procedure, the literature was reviewed, and the structural diagram of the control system of such a robot and its components was summarized. It proposed a mathematical formalization of the search for the optimal path to move the robot arm, an algorithm based on a modified method of navigation graphs, to realize the more natural movement of the robot arm. Experimental studies were conducted with different numbers of objects on the path of robot arm movement, which were combined into groups. The temporal results of this process are presented in a diagram.

In the modern world cyber-physical production systems are increasingly used. They allow you to control the flow of the technological process in production in real time. But the use of such an approach is greatly complicated by the fact that the equipment of many enterprises is old and cannot support the necessary functions. This is primarily due to the lack of the necessary sensors, as well as the corresponding software. Since the complete replacement of production equipment is very expensive, the task is to create separate monitoring systems. They must be able to integrate into the necessary parts of the production process. And they should also be cheap. In this work, we propose to build a model of such a monitoring and visualization system. The main attention in the work is focused on the hardware implementation of the proposed system and the relationship of its individual elements.

Choosing the proper engine that fits the desired application is a crucial design factor in robotics. Accordingly, this paper compares different types of engines for other Industrial robots (IR) and proposes to put practical criteria based on the mechanical design and its application. It starts from describing the IR choice to explaining the synchronous motor with permanent magnets as a base of the motor choice. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of components and their purpose supported by the creation of the subsequent drawings. SolidWorks system was implemented to obtain expressive and high-quality graphics and three dimensions design. Moreover, the entire Electrical Magnetic Force (EMF) was simulated using the method of variational parameterization. Accordingly, a developed synchronous motor with a built-in permanent magnet is proposed, which is supported by 3D design graphics to evaluate the deformation and margin of the housing and motor shaft safety.The obtained results provide a valuable study for the robotic engines' characteristics, such as the engine's strength, torque, power, and speed. An example of the comparison results is testing the synchronous motor, which confirms that the permanent magnets built-on synchronous motor is most recommended for the lightweight robots designed to work under average load weight. More results were performed to compare the proposed design with the robotics world's leading companies, showing that the developed proposed design has significant characteristics that outperform traditional motors.