Based on the demand of vehicle emission research and control, this paper presents the development of a portable vehicle measurement system (PEMS) based on SEMTECH-DS and ELPI+, the vehicle emission tests carried out on actual roads, and the data obtained for the establishment and validation of a vehicle emission model. Based on the results of the vehicle emission test, it was found that vehicle driving conditions (speed, acceleration, vehicle specific power (VSP), etc.) had a significant impact on the pollutant emission rate. In addition, local driving cycles were generated and the frequency distribution of VSP-bin under different cycles was analyzed. Then, through the establishment of an emission rate database, calculation of emission factors and validation of the emission model, a vehicle emission model based on actual road driving conditions was developed by taking VSP as the “surrogate variables”. It showed that the emission factor model established in this study could better reflect the vehicle transient emissions on the actual road with high accuracy and local adaptability. Through this study, it could be found that due to the great differences in traffic development modes and vehicle driving conditions in different cities in China, the emission model based on driving conditions was a better choice to carry out the research on vehicle emission in Chinese cities. Compared with directly applying international models or quoting the recommended values of relevant macroscopic guidelines, the emission factor model established in this study, using actual driving conditions, could better reflect the vehicle transient emissions on the actual road with high accuracy and local adaptability. In addition, due to the rapid development of China’s urban traffic and the rapid change of driving conditions, it was of great significance to regularly update China’s urban conditions to improve the accuracy of the model, no matter which model was chosen.

An efficiency evaluation model of government functional departments is constructed, taking China`s Maritime Department as an example. Firstly, based on the value-focused-thinking method, an evaluation indicator system of maritime government departments efficiency evaluation is constructed, including 4 dimensions, 21 secondary indicators, and 41 tertiary indicators, constructing 2 categories of target indicators and monitoring indicators. Secondly, the weight of each indicator is determined by the AHP using the MATLAB software. Finally, the generalized utility function is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of efficiency and an empirical analysis was conducted. The evaluation model will help to deepen the theoretical connotation of the efficiency of government functional departments and promote the exploration of quantitative evaluation methods of government efficiency.

Focusing on Langfang City in 2023 as a case study, this paper integrates the emission factor method with local activity level data to construct an atmospheric pollutant emission inventory for industrial stationary combustion sources. It systematically estimates the emissions of major pollutants such as PM _2.5 , PM ₁₀ , CO, SO ₂ , and NO _x . The emission inventory further reveals diurnal and monthly variation characteristics of emissions, influenced by production rhythms and seasonal electricity load. This research provides crucial data support for implementing precise atmospheric pollution control measures in Langfang and similar industrial cities, offering significant reference value for advancing refined regional air quality management