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Prof. Luciano Cavani
Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Fertility Enhancement
0 Fertilizer
0 Soil Chemistry
0 Soil Biochemical
0 Soil enzymes

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Soil Biochemical

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Short Biography

MAIN RESEARCH TOPICS - chemical characterization of fertilizers, amendments, biosolids and biostimulants; - recycle of biowastes and biomasses in agriculture: agronomic and environmental sustainability; - effect of fertilizers on chemical and biochemical indicators of soil quality; - effect of agricultural practices on soil quality, health and fertility; - quantification of soil quality using multiparametric indices. TEACHING ACTIVITY - Soil chemistry and carbon cycle (5 ETC), in english, 2nd cycle degree/two-year Master (Laurea magistrale) in Low carbon technologies and sustainable chemistry, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, from 2019 to present. - Soil quality indexes (6 ETC), in italian, 2nd cycle degree/two-year Master (Laurea magistrale) in Plannin and Management of Agro-Territorial, Forest and Landscape, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, from 2015 to present.

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Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Agronomy
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Understanding the complex relationships among soil quality, crop productivity, and management practices would help to develop more sustainable agricultural production systems. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of crop rotations and fertilization treatments on soil quality and crop yield in a long term (about 50 years) field experiment. Crop rotations included continuous corn (Zea mays L.), a 2 year corn-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rotation, and a 9 year corn-wheat-corn-wheat-corn-wheat-alfalfa-alfalfa-alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) rotation. Fertilization treatments included control, mineral fertilization with urea and triple superphosphate, and amendment with cattle manure. Crop rotations and fertilization treatments were combined in a factorial experimental design with two replications for each rotation and six replications for each fertilization treatment. The continuous corn and the corn-wheat rotations had negative effects on the main soil quality indicators considered (carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools, microbial biomass and activity). On the contrary, the 9 year rotation had positive effects on soil organic carbon (+24%) and total nitrogen (+23%) but resulted in impoverished available P (−5%). Positive effects on soil microbial biomass (+37% of microbial biomass C and +23% of microbial biomass N) and activity (+19%) were also observed. Soil amendment with manure built up soil organic carbon (+13%), increased nutrient content (+31% of extractable C and +19% of extractable N), including that of available P (+47%), and stimulated microbial growth (+34%) and activity (+8%). As compared to manure, mineral fertilization increased the soil nutrient content to a lesser extent. This study showed that the combined use of rotations, including legume forage crops, and soil amendment with manure may help preserve soil quality and crop productivity in the long term.

ACS Style

Caterina Giacometti; Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Loretta Triberti; Guido Baldoni; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. Rotation and Fertilization Effects on Soil Quality and Yields in a Long Term Field Experiment. Agronomy 2021, 11, 636 .

AMA Style

Caterina Giacometti, Martina Mazzon, Luciano Cavani, Loretta Triberti, Guido Baldoni, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. Rotation and Fertilization Effects on Soil Quality and Yields in a Long Term Field Experiment. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (4):636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caterina Giacometti; Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Loretta Triberti; Guido Baldoni; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2021. "Rotation and Fertilization Effects on Soil Quality and Yields in a Long Term Field Experiment." Agronomy 11, no. 4: 636.

Fungal microbiology
Published: 20 January 2021 in Microbial Ecology
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Here, we investigated the possible linkages among geophagy, soil characteristics, and gut mycobiome of indri (Indri indri), an endangered lemur species able to survive only in wild conditions. The soil eaten by indri resulted in enriched secondary oxide-hydroxides and clays, together with a high concentration of specific essential micronutrients. This could partially explain the role of the soil in detoxification and as a nutrient supply. Besides, we found that soil subject to geophagy and indris’ faeces shared about 8.9% of the fungal OTUs. Also, several genera (e.g. Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium) commonly associated with soil and plant material were found in both geophagic soil and indri samples. On the contrary, some taxa with pathogenic potentials, such as Cryptococcus, were only found in indri samples. Further, many saprotrophs and plant-associated fungal taxa were detected in the indri faeces. These fungal species may be involved in the digestion processes of leaves and could have a beneficial role in their health. In conclusion, we found an intimate connection between gut mycobiome and soil, highlighting, once again, the potential consequent impacts on the wider habitat.

ACS Style

Luigimaria Borruso; Alice Checcucci; Valeria Torti; Federico Correa; Camillo Sandri; Daine Luise; Luciano Cavani; Monica Modesto; Caterina Spiezio; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Maura Di Vito; Francesca Bugli; Rose M. Randrianarison; Marco Gamba; Nianja J. Rarojoson; Cesare Avesani Zaborra; Paola Mattarelli; Paolo Trevisi; Cristina Giacoma. I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy. Microbial Ecology 2021, 82, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Luigimaria Borruso, Alice Checcucci, Valeria Torti, Federico Correa, Camillo Sandri, Daine Luise, Luciano Cavani, Monica Modesto, Caterina Spiezio, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, Maura Di Vito, Francesca Bugli, Rose M. Randrianarison, Marco Gamba, Nianja J. Rarojoson, Cesare Avesani Zaborra, Paola Mattarelli, Paolo Trevisi, Cristina Giacoma. I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy. Microbial Ecology. 2021; 82 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigimaria Borruso; Alice Checcucci; Valeria Torti; Federico Correa; Camillo Sandri; Daine Luise; Luciano Cavani; Monica Modesto; Caterina Spiezio; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Maura Di Vito; Francesca Bugli; Rose M. Randrianarison; Marco Gamba; Nianja J. Rarojoson; Cesare Avesani Zaborra; Paola Mattarelli; Paolo Trevisi; Cristina Giacoma. 2021. "I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy." Microbial Ecology 82, no. 1: 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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The objective of this experiment was to valuate, after 14 years, the impact of annual compost applications on micronutrient and potentially toxic trace elements on nectarine tree uptake and soil fertility. The study was performed in the Po valley, Italy, on the variety Stark RedGold (grafted on GF677). Since orchard planting, the following treatments were applied, in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates: 1. unfertilized control; 2. mineral fertilization (N was supplied as NO3NH4 at 70–130 kg ha−1 yr−1); 3. compost at 5 t DW ha−1 yr−1; 4. compost at 10 t DW ha−1 yr−1. The actual rate of application was 12.5 (LOW) and 25 (HIGH) t ha−1, since compost was concentrated in the tree row. Compost was made from domestic organic wastes mixed with pruning material from urban ornamental trees and garden management and stabilized for 3 months. The supply of compost HIGH induced an enrichment of soil total Cu, Zn and Cd, and a decrease of Fe and Co concentration; with values always below the European threshold limits for heavy metals in the soil. In addition, compost (at both rates) increased availability (DTPA-extractable) of Fe, Mn and Zn, Cd, Ni, and Pb in the top soil (0–0.15 m). Total micronutrient and trace element tree content was not affected by fertilization treatments; however, the recycled fraction returned to the soil at the end of the season through abscised leaves and pruned wood of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn was increased by mineral fertilization; Fe and Zn also by compost HIGH. Our data show that the introduction of compost at both 12.5 and 25 t ha−1 yr−1 in the row did not increase the risk of pollution related to potentially toxic trace elements and at the same time increased the bioavailability of Fe, Mn and Zn.

ACS Style

Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Martina Mazzon; Claudio Marzadori; Maurizio Quartieri; Moreno Toselli. Fourteen years of compost application in a commercial nectarine orchard: effect on microelements and potential harmful elements in soil and plants. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 752, 141894 .

AMA Style

Elena Baldi, Luciano Cavani, Martina Mazzon, Claudio Marzadori, Maurizio Quartieri, Moreno Toselli. Fourteen years of compost application in a commercial nectarine orchard: effect on microelements and potential harmful elements in soil and plants. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 752 ():141894.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Martina Mazzon; Claudio Marzadori; Maurizio Quartieri; Moreno Toselli. 2020. "Fourteen years of compost application in a commercial nectarine orchard: effect on microelements and potential harmful elements in soil and plants." Science of The Total Environment 752, no. : 141894.

Journal article
Published: 18 June 2020 in Agronomy
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A leaching experiment was designed to study the effects of a commercial nitrification inhibitor containing nitrapyrin on nitrification, microbial nitrogen (N) immobilization, and nitrate leaching. Soil columns were treated with 100 mg N kg−1 from pig slurry, cattle slurry, and anaerobic digestate in a mixture with or without the nitrification inhibitor. Destructive sampling was carried out after 0, 7, and 28 days of incubation in the dark at 18 °C. At each sampling date, artificial rain (200 mm of 0.01 M calcium chloride over 4 h) was added to the soil columns. The leachate was collected, and the soil was removed from the columns and sectioned into 5 cm segments. Results indicated that after 28 days of incubation, nitrapyrin enhanced ammoniacal N accumulation in the top layers of the soil columns and reduced the nitrate concentration in the leachates with pig slurry and anaerobic digestate. Furthermore, in the soil columns treated with anaerobic digestate, nitrapyrin promoted microbial N immobilization. These findings suggest that the use of nitrapyrin in a mixture with animal slurry and anaerobic digestate has the potential to reduce nitrate leaching and increase N retention in the topsoil, affording both environmental and economic advantages.

ACS Style

Caterina Giacometti; Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. A Nitrification Inhibitor, Nitrapyrin, Reduces Potential Nitrate Leaching through Soil Columns Treated with Animal Slurries and Anaerobic Digestate. Agronomy 2020, 10, 865 .

AMA Style

Caterina Giacometti, Martina Mazzon, Luciano Cavani, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. A Nitrification Inhibitor, Nitrapyrin, Reduces Potential Nitrate Leaching through Soil Columns Treated with Animal Slurries and Anaerobic Digestate. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (6):865.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caterina Giacometti; Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2020. "A Nitrification Inhibitor, Nitrapyrin, Reduces Potential Nitrate Leaching through Soil Columns Treated with Animal Slurries and Anaerobic Digestate." Agronomy 10, no. 6: 865.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in Heliyon
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Spreading of manure on agricultural soils is a main source of ammonia emissions and/or nitrate leaching. It has been addressed by the European Union with the Directives 2001/81/EC and 91/676/EEC to protect the environment and the human health. The disposal of manure has therefore become an economic and environmental challenge for farmers. Thus, the conversion of manure via anaerobic digestion in a biogas plant could be a sustainable solution, having the byproducts (solid and liquid digestates) the potential to be used as fertilizers for crops. This work aimed at characterizing and assessing the effect of digestates obtained from a local biogas plant (Biogas Wipptal, Gmbh), either in the form of liquid fraction or as a solid pellet on: (i) the fertility of the soils during an incubation experiment; (ii) the plant growth and nutritional status of different species (maize and cucumber). Moreover, an extensive characterization of the pellet was performed via X-ray microanalytical techniques. The data obtained showed that both digestates exhibit a fertilizing potential for crops, depending on the plant species and the fertilizer dose: the liquid fraction increases the shoot fresh weight at low dose in cucumber, conversely, the solid pellet increases the shoot fresh weight at high dose in maize. The liquid digestate may have the advantage to release nutrients (i.e. nitrogen) more rapidly to plants, but its storage represents the main constraint (i.e. ammonia volatilization). Indeed, pelleting the digestates could improve the storability of the fertilizer besides enhancing plant nutrient availability (i.e. phosphate and potassium), plant biomass and soil biochemical quality (i.e. microbial biomass and activity). The physical structure and chemical composition of pellet digestates allow nutrients to be easily mobilized over time, representing a possible source of mineral nutrients also in long-term applications.

ACS Style

Fabio Valentinuzzi; Luciano Cavani; Carlo Porfido; Roberto Terzano; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Claudio Marzadori; Tanja Mimmo. The fertilising potential of manure-based biogas fermentation residues: pelleted vs. liquid digestate. Heliyon 2020, 6, e03325 .

AMA Style

Fabio Valentinuzzi, Luciano Cavani, Carlo Porfido, Roberto Terzano, Youry Pii, Stefano Cesco, Claudio Marzadori, Tanja Mimmo. The fertilising potential of manure-based biogas fermentation residues: pelleted vs. liquid digestate. Heliyon. 2020; 6 (2):e03325.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Valentinuzzi; Luciano Cavani; Carlo Porfido; Roberto Terzano; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Claudio Marzadori; Tanja Mimmo. 2020. "The fertilising potential of manure-based biogas fermentation residues: pelleted vs. liquid digestate." Heliyon 6, no. 2: e03325.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2020 in Fruit Crops
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ACS Style

Moreno Toselli; Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Giovambattista Sorrenti. Nutrient management in fruit crops: An organic way. Fruit Crops 2020, 379 -392.

AMA Style

Moreno Toselli, Elena Baldi, Luciano Cavani, Giovambattista Sorrenti. Nutrient management in fruit crops: An organic way. Fruit Crops. 2020; ():379-392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Moreno Toselli; Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Giovambattista Sorrenti. 2020. "Nutrient management in fruit crops: An organic way." Fruit Crops , no. : 379-392.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Compost can provide nitrogen (N) and especially phosphorous (P) available for plant growth, thus representing a potential alternative to chemical P-fertilizers a non-renewable resource. However, little is known about their residual capacity to provide plant-available P. In this study four compost: a green waste compost (GWC), one from anaerobically-digested bio-waste (DC), one from sewage sludge (SSC), and one from bio-waste (BWC), were compared (10 and 20 Mg VS ha-1) in a ryegrass pot test (112 days), for their N- and P-relative mineral fertilizer equivalence (MFE; %) vs. a chemical fertilizer (NPK). After the test period, the exploited treatments were tested for their MFE during an additional ryegrass growth cycle (112 days) in an N-rich environment (N+). After 112 days, the pot test showed that DC and SSC produced dry biomass in the same range as did NPK, attaining the best N-MFE (80-100%) and P-MFE (100-125%), whereas GWC and BWC performed poorly (60-80 and 80-90%; N-MFE and P-MFE). At the end of the first growth cycle, DC and SSC still showed relevant Olsen-P (20-30 mg kg-1). This was reflected in the best ryegrass P-MFE in DC and SSC at the end of the second growth cycle (N+), after 224 days (100-110%), whereas BWC and GWC poorly performed (90-95%). DC and SSC may therefore represent valuable sources of N available for plant nutrition in the short term, and also represent medium-term valuable P sources, alternative to rock phosphate P fertilizers. This promising approach need further field-scale investigation to confirm the medium-long term capacity of composts to be alternative to rock phosphate P fertilizers.

ACS Style

Marco Grigatti; Luciano Cavani; Giampaolo Di Biase; Claudio Ciavatta. Current and residual phosphorous availability from compost in a ryegrass pot test. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 677, 250 -262.

AMA Style

Marco Grigatti, Luciano Cavani, Giampaolo Di Biase, Claudio Ciavatta. Current and residual phosphorous availability from compost in a ryegrass pot test. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 677 ():250-262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Grigatti; Luciano Cavani; Giampaolo Di Biase; Claudio Ciavatta. 2019. "Current and residual phosphorous availability from compost in a ryegrass pot test." Science of The Total Environment 677, no. : 250-262.

Journal article
Published: 20 March 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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The search for sustainable source of N, the need of soil organic matter restoration, along with the call for recycling of organic wastes has led to a rise of the use of organic fertilizers. The aim of the present experiment was to evaluate: the effectiveness of compost application as a N fertilizer, the impact on N distribution in soil and plant and on tree performances, in a long-term experiment (14 years). The study was carried out in the Po valley, Italy and, since orchard planting (2001), the following treatments were applied: 1. unfertilized control; 2. mineral fertilization; 3. compost at a rate of 5 t DW ha-1 yr-1; 4. compost at a rate of 10 t DW ha-1 yr-1. Soil total N, potentially mineralizable, microbial and extractable N were higher in compost in comparison to mineral (fertilizer). The effect was found both in the row and in the inter-row and the rise of N fractions was evident in the shallowest soil layer of the row. Soil mineral, potentially mineralizable N was increased by mineral (11.1 mg kg-1) and compost 10 (12.4 mg kg-1) fertilization compared with control (6.7 mg kg-1). Vegetative growth and yield were increased in trees treated with mineral and compost 10; moreover, these plants were able to recycle (66.1 and 70.5 kg ha-1 yr-1, respectively) and remobilize (41.5 and 48.7 kg ha-1 yr-1, respectively) a higher amount of N than those of control and compost 5. In conclusion, organic fertilization strategy promoted the buildup of soil N reserve, meaning a capacity of the ecosystem to sequestrate N. The application of compost 10 showed a similar effect on plant growth and production as mineral fertilization, but introduced the advantage of the use of a cheap, renewable waste material, providing a new insight on N fertilization management.

ACS Style

Moreno Toselli; Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Martina Mazzon; Maurizio Quartieri; Giovambattista Sorrenti; Claudio Marzadori; Toselli Moreno; Baldi Elena; Cavani Luciano; Quartieri Maurizio; Sorrenti Giovambattista; Marzadori Claudio. Soil-plant nitrogen pools in nectarine orchard in response to long-term compost application. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 671, 10 -18.

AMA Style

Moreno Toselli, Elena Baldi, Luciano Cavani, Martina Mazzon, Maurizio Quartieri, Giovambattista Sorrenti, Claudio Marzadori, Toselli Moreno, Baldi Elena, Cavani Luciano, Quartieri Maurizio, Sorrenti Giovambattista, Marzadori Claudio. Soil-plant nitrogen pools in nectarine orchard in response to long-term compost application. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 671 ():10-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Moreno Toselli; Elena Baldi; Luciano Cavani; Martina Mazzon; Maurizio Quartieri; Giovambattista Sorrenti; Claudio Marzadori; Toselli Moreno; Baldi Elena; Cavani Luciano; Quartieri Maurizio; Sorrenti Giovambattista; Marzadori Claudio. 2019. "Soil-plant nitrogen pools in nectarine orchard in response to long-term compost application." Science of The Total Environment 671, no. : 10-18.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2019 in Journal of Soils and Sediments
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Canal dredging and shaping produce considerable amounts of sediments whose reuse on- and off-site depends on their pollution level. This study explores the potential of a calcium chloride washing to remove potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from a freshly dredged calcareous sediment and to affect the aggregate stability of the washed sediment. The ability of 0.5-M CaCl2 washing to restore the sediment samples polluted with Cu and Zn dredged from a freshwater canal was assessed. The distribution of the two metals among the sediment geochemical phases, the potential availability to plants (DTPA), and the water aggregate stability of particles were evaluated on the washed samples and compared to control. In the most polluted sample (~200 and 500 mg kg−1 of Cu and Zn, respectively), the washing decreased the amount of Cu by 26%, mainly in the sulfide/organic fraction, and of Zn by 10%, mainly in carbonates. A decrease in the dispersivity of clay fraction was observed due to the well-known effect of Ca2+ ions on flocculation of colloidal clay particles. At large scale, the aggregates formed by the interaction between large particles and flocculated clay showed lower water stability with respect to the control, thus suggesting the need to improve the physical properties of the treated material. Noteworthy, after 1 year of dry storage from washing, the average percentage of potentially bioavailable (DTPA) Cu and Zn (23 and 13% of pseudo-total amount, respectively) dropped with respect to the control (40 and 19%) and a concomitant carbonate increase (+33%) was observed. The CaCl2 washing is a promising method to reduce Cu and, to a minor extent, Zn in wet calcareous sediments dredged from freshwater canals. However, there is still room for improvement. The PTE fractions remaining in carbonates and organic component of washed sediment clearly indicate the potential of combining mild acidic pH values with calcium chloride in the washing to enhance the PTE removal.

ACS Style

Enrico Buscaroli; Luigi Sciubba; Gloria Falsone; Luciano Cavani; Matteo Brecchia; Emanuele Argese; Claudio Marzadori; Bertrand Pourrut; Ilaria Braschi. Calcium chloride washing of calcareous sediment from a freshwater canal: effect on the removal of potentially toxic elements and water aggregate stability. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2019, 19, 3098 -3107.

AMA Style

Enrico Buscaroli, Luigi Sciubba, Gloria Falsone, Luciano Cavani, Matteo Brecchia, Emanuele Argese, Claudio Marzadori, Bertrand Pourrut, Ilaria Braschi. Calcium chloride washing of calcareous sediment from a freshwater canal: effect on the removal of potentially toxic elements and water aggregate stability. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2019; 19 (7):3098-3107.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Enrico Buscaroli; Luigi Sciubba; Gloria Falsone; Luciano Cavani; Matteo Brecchia; Emanuele Argese; Claudio Marzadori; Bertrand Pourrut; Ilaria Braschi. 2019. "Calcium chloride washing of calcareous sediment from a freshwater canal: effect on the removal of potentially toxic elements and water aggregate stability." Journal of Soils and Sediments 19, no. 7: 3098-3107.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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The aim of the present study was to compare the quantity and the type of carbon (C) stored during the 14-year lifetime of a commercial nectarine orchard ecosystem fertilized with mineral or organic fertilizers. The study was carried out in the Po valley, Italy, in a nectarine orchard of the variety Stark RedGold, grafted on GF677 hybrid peach × almond. Since orchard planting in August 2001, the following treatments were applied in a randomized complete block design with four replicates per block and compared: 1. unfertilized control; 2. mineral fertilization (including P and K at planting and N applied as NO3NH4 yearly at the rate of 70–130 kg ha−1); 3. compost application at a rate of 5 Mg DW ha−1 yr−1; 4. compost application at a rate of 10 Mg DW ha−1 yr−1. Compost was obtained from domestic organic wastes mixed with pruning material from urban ornamental trees and garden management after a 3-month stabilization period. Application of compost at the highest rate increased C in the soil; the amount of C sequestered was approximately 60% from amendment source and 40% from the net primary production of trees and grasses with a net increase of C compared to mineral fertilization. Compost application was found to be a win-win strategy to increase C storage in soil and, at the same time, to promote plant growth and yield to levels similar to those obtained with mineral fertilization. The rate of C application is crucial, indicated by the fact that compost supply at the rate of 10 Mg ha−1 yr−1 was the only fertilization strategy of the ones tested that resulted in higher C sequestration. This shows that compost amendment may stimulate an increase in the net primary production of plants.

ACS Style

E. Baldi; L. Cavani; A. Margon; M. Quartieri; G. Sorrenti; C. Marzadori; M. Toselli. Effect of compost application on the dynamics of carbon in a nectarine orchard ecosystem. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 637-638, 918 -925.

AMA Style

E. Baldi, L. Cavani, A. Margon, M. Quartieri, G. Sorrenti, C. Marzadori, M. Toselli. Effect of compost application on the dynamics of carbon in a nectarine orchard ecosystem. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 637-638 ():918-925.

Chicago/Turabian Style

E. Baldi; L. Cavani; A. Margon; M. Quartieri; G. Sorrenti; C. Marzadori; M. Toselli. 2018. "Effect of compost application on the dynamics of carbon in a nectarine orchard ecosystem." Science of The Total Environment 637-638, no. : 918-925.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Geoderma
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Phenol oxidases (POs) are a group of soil extracellular oxidoreductase enzymes, which are involved in oxidative processes related to nutrient cycling. This class of enzymes has multiple functions at both the organism and ecosystem level and can trigger either positive or negative feedback loops between soil organisms and soil organic matter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate: (i) whether PO activities have a trend different from those of microbial biomass and activity; and (ii) whether PO activities are enhanced or reduced by fertilizer application. Soil samples were taken from plots in a 14-year-old experimental walnut orchard, subjected, since planting, to three fertilizer treatments: organic (compost) or mineral (urea) fertilization at the same rate of nitrogen application (100 kg N ha− 1), or left unfertilized. Soil samples were divided according to sampling depth (0–20 cm and 20–40 cm). Results showed that the application of compost significantly increased C and N pools. qCO2 and DHD/Cext data indicated that the biota at 20–40 cm soil depth was more stressed or mainly composed of microorganisms with low substrate utilization efficiency. Phenol oxidase, tyrosinase, and catechol oxidase activities were significantly promoted in the surface layer by compost addition. In contrast, laccase activity showed a large increase in the deeper soil layer when supplied with mineral N, whereas compost addition led to increased activity in the surface layer. These findings suggest that soil phenol oxidases play a part in the determination of soil functionality, but they need to be investigated in greater depth in order to understand the mechanisms regulating their activities.

ACS Style

Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Alja Margon; Giovambattista Sorrenti; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. Changes in soil phenol oxidase activities due to long-term application of compost and mineral N in a walnut orchard. Geoderma 2018, 316, 70 -77.

AMA Style

Martina Mazzon, Luciano Cavani, Alja Margon, Giovambattista Sorrenti, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. Changes in soil phenol oxidase activities due to long-term application of compost and mineral N in a walnut orchard. Geoderma. 2018; 316 ():70-77.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martina Mazzon; Luciano Cavani; Alja Margon; Giovambattista Sorrenti; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2018. "Changes in soil phenol oxidase activities due to long-term application of compost and mineral N in a walnut orchard." Geoderma 316, no. : 70-77.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2017 in Energies
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This study investigated the effects of two soil moisture levels (SM) (30% and 70% soil available water) and three harvests (90 days, 118 days, and 151 days after seeding) on sweet (S506) and fiber (B133) sorghum genotypes under rain-sheltered conditions. Juice and bagasse-derived ethanol and their sum (EtOHBJ, EtOHB, and EtOHJ+B, respectively) were assessed. Water use efficiency (WUE) was determined for sorghum dry weight (DW) and EtOHJ+B. S506 had similar DW, but higher sugar content than B133, resulting in higher EtOHJ (+32%) and EtOHJ+B (+9%). High SM-enhanced DW, juice and sugars content, determining a strong EtOHJ+B increase (+99% vs. low SM). Late harvest enhanced DW and EtOHJ+B (+107% vs. early harvest), despite decreasing extractives and increasing structural fiber components. Water use efficiency of EtOHJ+B improved with high vs. low SM, although differences faded in late harvest. Upscale of EtOHJ+B and WUE data indicated a range of 21,000–82,000 ha of sorghum cultivation and 60–117 Mm3 of irrigation water, as amounts of resources needed to supply an 85,000 m3·yr−1 bio-ethanol plant. This large variation in land and water needs depended on specific combinations between crop factors SM and harvests.

ACS Style

Lorenzo Capecchi; Lorenzo Nissen; Monica Modesto; Giuseppe Di Girolamo; Luciano Cavani; Lorenzo Barbanti. Crop Factors Influencing Ethanol Production from Sorghum Juice and Bagasse. Energies 2017, 10, 940 .

AMA Style

Lorenzo Capecchi, Lorenzo Nissen, Monica Modesto, Giuseppe Di Girolamo, Luciano Cavani, Lorenzo Barbanti. Crop Factors Influencing Ethanol Production from Sorghum Juice and Bagasse. Energies. 2017; 10 (7):940.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lorenzo Capecchi; Lorenzo Nissen; Monica Modesto; Giuseppe Di Girolamo; Luciano Cavani; Lorenzo Barbanti. 2017. "Crop Factors Influencing Ethanol Production from Sorghum Juice and Bagasse." Energies 10, no. 7: 940.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in AIMS Agriculture and Food
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Protein hydrolyzates (PHs) are a well-known group of plant biostimulants that are obtained by thermal, chemical, enzymatic or mixed hydrolysis from animal or plant sources. PHs are mainly applied to plants with the aim to improve their nutrition level, stimulate metabolism, and increase resistance to abiotic stress. Chemically, the PHs are a mixture of free amino acids, oligo- and polypeptides. Considering the differences in the source materials and hydrolytic processes used for their production it is not surprising that PHs are a very complex and inhomogeneous category of biostimulants. This is a critical point that should be considered by both manufacturers and potential users of such products. With the aim to identify a putative correlation among PHs physic-chemical properties, the different source materials and the hydrolytic process used for their production, 22 PHs available on the market were analyzed for: (i) total amino acids concentration, (ii) free amino acids concentration, (iii) degree of racemization, (iv) degree of hydrolysis and (v) apparent average molecular size. The obtained results confirmed the inhomogeneity PHs. However, the chosen parameters were able to provide information about the above-mentioned correlation. Total amino acids in particular were useful for the identification of the original source material. The degree of racemization was useful for the identification of the type of hydrolysis used during production (chemical or enzymatic). The degree of hydrolysis and free amino acid concentrations were useful for the identification of the intensity of the hydrolytic process. The average molecular size was useful for the identification of polydispersity of the peptide size. In conclusion, the PHs can be adequately characterized only through a multi-analytical approach

ACS Style

Luciano Cavani; Alja Margon; Luigi Sciubba; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. What we talk about when we talk about protein hydrolyzate-based biostimulants. AIMS Agriculture and Food 2017, 2, 221 -232.

AMA Style

Luciano Cavani, Alja Margon, Luigi Sciubba, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. What we talk about when we talk about protein hydrolyzate-based biostimulants. AIMS Agriculture and Food. 2017; 2 (3):221-232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luciano Cavani; Alja Margon; Luigi Sciubba; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2017. "What we talk about when we talk about protein hydrolyzate-based biostimulants." AIMS Agriculture and Food 2, no. 3: 221-232.

Article
Published: 07 November 2016 in Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
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The use of herbicide such as glyphosate is a common practice in viticulture to limit nutrients and water competition between vine/weed plants. However, the impact of such herbicide on the resulting grapes juice quality and, later, on wine fermentation has not yet been proven. In this work, grapes of Vitis vinifera L. cv Gewürztraminer harvested from plants subjected to the weed control with glyphosate were analysed for their fermenting capacity by isothermal microcalorimetry after inoculation with Saccharomyces cerevisae. The resulting heat flow traces were fitted by two additive Gompertz functions and used to describe the yeast growth rate. The comparison of the fitting parameters showed that glyphosate decreased the heat generated by yeast growth. This effect was consistent with a change in the amino acids and sugars contents in grapes. However, the results also show that the impact of the herbicide on yeast fermentation can be partly overcome with an additional N fertilization (i.e. urea) in the vine. Microcalorimetry has revealed for the first time these effects on the fermenting process of grapes.

ACS Style

Ksenia Morozova; Carlo Andreotti; Mariachiara Armani; Luciano Cavani; Stefano Cesco; Luca Cortese; Vincenzo Gerbi; Tanja Mimmo; Pasquale Russo Spena; Matteo Scampicchio. Indirect effect of glyphosate on wine fermentation studied by microcalorimetry. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2016, 127, 1351 -1360.

AMA Style

Ksenia Morozova, Carlo Andreotti, Mariachiara Armani, Luciano Cavani, Stefano Cesco, Luca Cortese, Vincenzo Gerbi, Tanja Mimmo, Pasquale Russo Spena, Matteo Scampicchio. Indirect effect of glyphosate on wine fermentation studied by microcalorimetry. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2016; 127 (2):1351-1360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ksenia Morozova; Carlo Andreotti; Mariachiara Armani; Luciano Cavani; Stefano Cesco; Luca Cortese; Vincenzo Gerbi; Tanja Mimmo; Pasquale Russo Spena; Matteo Scampicchio. 2016. "Indirect effect of glyphosate on wine fermentation studied by microcalorimetry." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 127, no. 2: 1351-1360.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2016 in Journal of Environmental Management
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This study aimed at investigating the degree of interference of high soil copper (Cu) contamination when an old vineyard is converted into a protected area. This study was performed within an intensive agricultural system; it was organized into a two-factorial nested design to analyze the impact of management (conventional vs re-naturalized orchard) and position within each orchard (tree-rows and strips). Chemical and biochemical properties along with bacterial and fungal communities, evaluated with PCR-DGGE starting from total soil DNA, were analyzed. Total Cu was localized in tree rows in the old vineyard at 1000 mg kg−1 of soil, whereas it did not exceed 80 mg kg−1 soil in the other treatments. Total organic carbon and all biochemical properties significantly improved in re-naturalized compared to conventionally cultivated site, while no significant differences were observed between tree row and strip. Moreover, a higher extractable carbon-extractable nitrogen (Cext-to-Next) ratio in the re-naturalized (19.3) site than in the conventionally managed site (10.2) indicated a shift of soil system from C-limited to N-limited, confirming a successful ecological restoration. Deep improvement of soil biochemical properties exceeded the negative impact of Cu contamination. A shift of bacterial community composition as well as increased bacterial diversity in Cu contaminated treatment indicated a bacterial response to Cu stress; to the contrary, soil fungi were less susceptible than bacteria, though an overall reduction of fungal DNA was detected. Findings suggest that ecological restoration of highly polluted agricultural soils leads to overcoming the reduction of soil functionalities linked to Cu contamination and opens interesting perspectives for mitigating Cu stress in agricultural soils with strategies based on conservative agriculture.

ACS Style

Luciano Cavani; Luisa M. Manici; Francesco Caputo; Elisabetta Peruzzi; Claudio Ciavatta. Ecological restoration of a copper polluted vineyard: Long-term impact of farmland abandonment on soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities. Journal of Environmental Management 2016, 182, 37 -47.

AMA Style

Luciano Cavani, Luisa M. Manici, Francesco Caputo, Elisabetta Peruzzi, Claudio Ciavatta. Ecological restoration of a copper polluted vineyard: Long-term impact of farmland abandonment on soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities. Journal of Environmental Management. 2016; 182 ():37-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luciano Cavani; Luisa M. Manici; Francesco Caputo; Elisabetta Peruzzi; Claudio Ciavatta. 2016. "Ecological restoration of a copper polluted vineyard: Long-term impact of farmland abandonment on soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities." Journal of Environmental Management 182, no. : 37-47.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2016 in Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais
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No Brasil, a indústria de curtimento gera grandes quantidades de resíduos. Este país ocupa uma posição significativa como produtor de pele - especialmente couro bovino. Os resíduos sólidos são muitas vezes descartados no ambiente sem tratamento, o que implica problemas ambientais e desperdício de energia. Normalmente, o controle e o gerenciamento industrial de resíduos sólidos no país são caracterizados pela falta de estudos sobre o assunto, quantidade e qualidade dos resíduos gerados, além da falta de unidades compatíveis de tratamento final e descarte em algumas regiões. O couro é bronzeado com sais de crómio. Este processo visa obter um melhor acabamento, aumentando a resistência ao desgaste e à corrosão. O bronzeamento com os sais de cromo (III) os torna mais flexíveis e macios. Assim, este estudo pretende verificar um modelo matemático do comportamento da mineralização de nitrogênio potencial e do comportamento do sal de cromo (III) em solos após aplicação de fertilizante feito de hidrolisado de couro bovino. O modelo matemático será aplicado de acordo com os dados obtidos, e após a aplicação da metodologia estabelecida.

ACS Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro; Pedro Barbosa Mello; Claudio Ciavatta; Luciano Cavani. Vantagens energéticas e ambientais do uso de adubo em couro. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 2016, 7, 147 -155.

AMA Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro, Pedro Barbosa Mello, Claudio Ciavatta, Luciano Cavani. Vantagens energéticas e ambientais do uso de adubo em couro. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais. 2016; 7 (2):147-155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro; Pedro Barbosa Mello; Claudio Ciavatta; Luciano Cavani. 2016. "Vantagens energéticas e ambientais do uso de adubo em couro." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 7, no. 2: 147-155.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2016 in Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais
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A legislação ambiental brasileira sobre os efeitos de alguns elementos químicos descartados no solo ainda é muito recente, especialmente no que diz respeito às várias transformações de diferentes tipos de cromo que podem ser usados em conjunto com fertilizantes feitos de restos de couro. Este fato é principalmente devido à falta de dados experimentais que mostram claramente as várias modificações sofridas pelos vários tipos de cromo liberados na crosta terrestre, associados a fertilizantes. Este fato não ocorre em muitos países desenvolvidos, como a Itália, por exemplo, onde já existem vários estudos sobre os efeitos de vários tipos de cromo, que são usados em conjunto com fertilizantes de couro. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo experimental sobre o comportamento do cromo (III) em solo arável, utilizando fertilizante de couro hidratado como fertilizante eficiente em energia.

ACS Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Pedro Barbosa Mello; Rafael Dos Reis Paulo; Renata Possamai Ribeiro. Estudo experimental do impacto do cromo a partir de fertilizantes altamente energeticamente eficientes no solo. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 2016, 7, 16 -28.

AMA Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro, Luciano Cavani, Claudio Ciavatta, Pedro Barbosa Mello, Rafael Dos Reis Paulo, Renata Possamai Ribeiro. Estudo experimental do impacto do cromo a partir de fertilizantes altamente energeticamente eficientes no solo. Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais. 2016; 7 (2):16-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizete Maria Possamai Ribeiro; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Pedro Barbosa Mello; Rafael Dos Reis Paulo; Renata Possamai Ribeiro. 2016. "Estudo experimental do impacto do cromo a partir de fertilizantes altamente energeticamente eficientes no solo." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 7, no. 2: 16-28.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2015 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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A compost (CHW) from the residue of the dry-batch digestion of household waste and one (CSD) from the solid fraction of anaerobically digested maize were tested for their phosphorus (P) release by means of sequential extraction. The products were then compared in a soil incubation (30 mg P kg−1) for their capacity to supply potentially available P (Olsen-P), and in a pot trial to test plant-available P on Italian ryegrass over 112 days. A municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) and an inorganic P source (P-chem) were added as reference in addition to a not-fertilized control (control). Sequential extraction showed that CSD had the greatest labile P (NaHCO3 30 % > H2O 29 % > HCl 23 % > NaOH 10 %). On the contrary, CHW showed the greatest recalcitrant P (HCl 44 % > NaHCO3 10 % > H2O 11 % > NaOH 8 %), being similar to MSWC (HCl 65 % > NaOH 13 % NaHCO3 12 % > H2O 5 %). This was in agreement with the different amorphous or crystalline degree of the sample as determined by XRD. Also in soil, CSD showed the highest level of Olsen-P at the beginning of incubation (28.5 mg kg−1), while CHW and MSWC had the lowest level of Olsen-P throughout incubation (4.6 and 6.0 mg kg−1 on average), very close to the Control (3.0 mg kg−1). Plant test showed that CSD also had the greatest available P (ARF: 12.5 %), followed by P-chem (5.6 %) > MSWC (4.2 %) > CHW (2.5 %). From sequential extraction and physical analysis, it therefore appears that the presence of significant amounts of Ca, such as in CHW and MSWC, shifted P toward low soluble Ca-P compounds, thus reducing the P available for plant nutrition.

ACS Style

Marco Grigatti; Elisa Boanini; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. Phosphorus in Digestate-Based Compost: Chemical Speciation and Plant-Availability. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2015, 6, 481 -493.

AMA Style

Marco Grigatti, Elisa Boanini, Luciano Cavani, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. Phosphorus in Digestate-Based Compost: Chemical Speciation and Plant-Availability. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2015; 6 (4):481-493.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Grigatti; Elisa Boanini; Luciano Cavani; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2015. "Phosphorus in Digestate-Based Compost: Chemical Speciation and Plant-Availability." Waste and Biomass Valorization 6, no. 4: 481-493.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2015 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Compost capability of restoring or enhancing soil quality depends on several parameters, such as soil characteristics, compost carbon, nitrogen and other nutrient content, heavy metal occurrence, stability and maturity. This study investigated the possibility of relating compost stability and maturity to water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) properties and amendment effect on soil quality. Three composts from municipal sewage sludge and rice husk (AN, from anaerobic wastewater treatment plants; AE, from aerobic ones; MIX, from both anaerobic and aerobic ones) have been analysed and compared to a traditional green waste compost (GM, from green manure, solid waste and urban sewage sludge). To this aim, WEOMs were characterized through chemical analysis; furthermore, compost stability was evaluated through oxygen uptake rate calculation and maturity was estimated through germination index determination, whereas compost impact on soil fertility was studied, in a lab-scale experiment, through indicators as inorganic nitrogen release, soil microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration rate and fluorescein di-acetate hydrolysis. The obtained results indicated that WEOM characterization could be useful to investigate compost stability (which is related to protein and phenol concentrations) and maturity (related to nitrate/ammonium ratio and degree of aromaticity) and then compost impact on soil functionality. Indeed, compost stability resulted inversely related to soil microbial biomass, basal respiration rate and fluorescein di-acetate hydrolysis when the products were applied to the soil.

ACS Style

Luigi Sciubba; Luciano Cavani; Marco Grigatti; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. Relationships between stability, maturity, water-extractable organic matter of municipal sewage sludge composts and soil functionality. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2015, 22, 13393 -13403.

AMA Style

Luigi Sciubba, Luciano Cavani, Marco Grigatti, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. Relationships between stability, maturity, water-extractable organic matter of municipal sewage sludge composts and soil functionality. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2015; 22 (17):13393-13403.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Sciubba; Luciano Cavani; Marco Grigatti; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2015. "Relationships between stability, maturity, water-extractable organic matter of municipal sewage sludge composts and soil functionality." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22, no. 17: 13393-13403.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2014 in Geoderma
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ACS Style

Luigi Sciubba; Luciano Cavani; Andrea Negroni; Giulio Zanaroli; Fabio Fava; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. Changes in the functional properties of a sandy loam soil amended with biosolids at different application rates. Geoderma 2014, 221-222, 40 -49.

AMA Style

Luigi Sciubba, Luciano Cavani, Andrea Negroni, Giulio Zanaroli, Fabio Fava, Claudio Ciavatta, Claudio Marzadori. Changes in the functional properties of a sandy loam soil amended with biosolids at different application rates. Geoderma. 2014; 221-222 ():40-49.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigi Sciubba; Luciano Cavani; Andrea Negroni; Giulio Zanaroli; Fabio Fava; Claudio Ciavatta; Claudio Marzadori. 2014. "Changes in the functional properties of a sandy loam soil amended with biosolids at different application rates." Geoderma 221-222, no. : 40-49.