(1) Background: A large number of patients of orthodontic clinics are diagnosed with improper jaw relationships. Intraoral scanners have become an important part of orthodontic practice and provide an opportunity to measure the changes in the width of dental arches. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of removable appliances used over a 10-month period on growth changes in children with narrowed jaw dimensions. (2) Methods: Twenty four patients were included in the study (a study group—patients, treated with removable appliances in the upper dental arch for a minimum of 10 months; a control group—patients with no craniofacial abnormalities and who did not require orthodontic treatment). A panoramic radiograph and digital intraoral scan were taken, followed by palatal width measurements in Ortho-CAD before treatment, and after a period of 10 months of treatment with removable appliances. (3) Results: After a period of 10 months of the treatment, the study group had a statistically significantly greater mean change in the anterior width of the upper dental arch than the control group. (4) Conclusions: The use of removable appliances in children with narrowed maxillary transverse dimension contributes to offsetting growth changes in comparison to children with normal occlusion.

Introduction and objective: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are disorders of the temporomandibular joint and the masticatory muscles. The most common symptom associated with TMDs is pain. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of TMDs in the adult population of Eastern Europe....

Background: Existing evidence suggests an association between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and alterations in body posture and balance; however, the mechanism underlying this relationship remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between specific TMD subtypes, indices of bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles, and parameters of body posture and balance. Methods: The study followed a case–control study design. A total of 81 participants were enrolled, including 33 controls and 48 individuals with TMD, classified into myofascial (n = 14), articular (n = 17), and mixed (n = 17) subtypes. Diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders was carried out by prosthodontic specialists using the Polish adaptation of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Masticatory muscle bioelectrical activity was assessed by surface electromyography. For statistical analysis, the Asymmetry Index and Functional Clenching Activity Indices were used. Static balance was evaluated with a pedobarographic platform. The sway area, velocity, and length of the Center of Pressure, as well as the foot contact area, were recorded and automatically calculated by the system. Measurements were performed under different mandibular conditions, with both eyes open and eyes closed. Correlation analyses were performed using Spearman Rank Order Correlation. Pearson’s Chi-squared test was used for the analysis of categorical variables. Results: Weak to moderate negative correlations were primarily observed, indicating that higher indices of masticatory muscle bioelectrical activity were associated with better postural balance, with distinct correlation patterns identified across different TMD subtypes. Conclusions: This exploratory study identified multiple correlations between masticatory muscle activity and postural or balance parameters, suggesting possible subtype-specific patterns in TMDs. However, the evidence remains preliminary and should be interpreted with caution, warranting further confirmatory and longitudinal research.

Introduction. With advances in technology, there has been a need for more precise imaging methods which have become an integral part of the orthodontic treatment plan. Aim. The aim of this study is to present diagnostic methods that are currently used in children with malocclusion. Material and methods. The materials analysed in this review are articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. To identify relevant publications, the search was carried out using the key word combination: imaging, diagnostics, malocclusion, children, orthodontics. The number of 16 research papers in which these keywords appeared were qualified for this review. Results. According to the mentioned publications, pantomographic images are the most frequently recommended method for detecting dental anomalies. Cephalometry was used to observe changes in the facial axis and to measure the length of the jaw. CBCT is being used more and more often, mainly to identify possible prognostic factors in the case of canine retention/eruption in the maxilla. The method of magnetic resonance imaging was also compared with cephalometric images. Conclusions. 1. The pantomogram is a useful and frequently used method in the detection of craniofacial anomalies. 2. Cephalometry allows the effects of the treatment to be monitored. 3. CBCT is a significant diagnostic tool to assess the growth of craniofacial structures. 4. MRI diagnostics limits the patient’s exposure to harmful ionizing radiation. 5. There is a need to educate medical staff and conduct further research on the methods of diagnostic imaging in children.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the differences between the foot contact area and the distribution of plantar pressure between patients with different subtypes of temporomandibular disorders and asymptomatic individuals.Material and methods: A total of 48 patients with temporomandibular disorders (17 with disc disorders subtype; 14 with myofascial subtype; 17 with mixed diagnosis) and 33 asymptomatic subjects (control group) diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders were perform posturography examination using FreeMED MAXI ground reaction force platform (Sensor Medica; Guidonia Montecelio, Roma, Italia) under different mandibular conditions (rest position, clenching, clenching on cotton rolls). The following parameters were used for statistical analysis: percentage distribution of plantar pressure (left/right foot and forefoot/backfoot) and foot contact area.Results: Changes in foot posture parameters are visible in both patients with temporomandibular disorders and in the control group, under different visual and mandibular conditions.Conclusions: The findings suggest a clear necessity for higher-quality studies with larger sample sizes.