Background: Moringa oleifera is one of the most nutrient-packed species, commonly known as the drumstick tree or miracle tree, and has garnered substantial popularity for its health benefits, phytochemical profile, and therapeutic potential. Moringa oleifera is a plant that is native to the Indian subcontinent and has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years owing to its nutritional and therapeutic properties. Methods: The leaves, seeds, pods, roots, and flowers of this plant are enriched with a wide range of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamins, minerals, and essential amino acids. Therefore, it is considered a reservoir crop for both nutritional and medicinal applications. Result: The recent rediscovery of the plant is at the forefront of changes in nutrition, medicine, and public health. Owing to its varied clinical applications, the plant is a potential candidate for research in new drug development and functional foods. Conclusions: Potential applications of Moringa compounds in the treatment of chronic diseases include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial (bacterial or fungal), and anticancerous effects. In this review, various phytochemical extraction techniques, therapeutic properties, and applications are discussed.

The extensive application of antibiotics in poultry production has resulted in the emergence of resistant bacteria, which pose a great threat to the health of birds and humans. In this review, the literature is searched using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies concerning antimicrobial resistance in poultry, the One Health approach, and alternative strategies to antibiotics are included, while studies not in English, opinion-based papers, and studies not related to poultry or AMR are excluded. This review explores the increasing challenges of antibiotic resistance in poultry, emphasizing the One Health framework related to animal, human, and environmental health. The risks of zoonotic transmission from poultry, the mode of development of resistance, and alternative antibiotics (comprising probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and essential oils) are the key topics discussed. This review further touches on critical barriers in fighting antibiotic resistance, which include economic constraints, a lack of awareness, and coordination challenges. This study highlights regulatory and consumer-driven changes in antibiotic use. The poultry industry can reduce the use of antibiotics by adopting the One Health approach and implementing evidence-based alternatives that support productivity. However, sustainable solutions require further research, policy reforms, and collaboration across sectors.

Food security for the increasing global population is a significant challenge of the current times particularly highlighting the protein deficiencies. Plant-based proteins could be considered as alternate source of the protein. The digestibility and PDCASS value of these proteins are still a concern. Blue proteins, the new approach of utilizing the proteins from aquatic sources could be a possible solution as it contains all the essential amino acids. However, the conjugation of these proteins with fats and glycogen interferes with their techno-functional properties and consequently their applicability. The application of power ultrasound for extraction and modification of these proteins from aquatic sources to break open the cellular structure, increase extractability, alter the protein structure and consequently provide proteins with higher bioavailability and bioactive properties could be a potential approach for their effective utilization into food systems. The current review focuses on the application of power ultrasound when applied as extraction treatment, alters the sulphite and peptide bond and modifies protein to elevated digestibility. The degree of alteration is influenced by intensity, frequency, and exposure time. The extracted proteins will serve as a source of essential amino acids. Furthermore, modification will lead to the development of bioactive peptides with different functional applications. Numerous studies reveal that blue proteins have beneficial impacts on amino acid availability, and subsequently food security with higher PDCAAS values. In many cases, converted peptides give anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and anti-oxidant activity. Therefore, researchers are concentrating on ultrasound-based extraction, modification, and application in food and pharmaceutical systems.

The utilization of food industry byproducts is one of today’s important environmental and economic tasks. Byproducts that form during food production are typically used for feed purposes, but in many cases these materials can also be used in the production of human foods. The brewer’s spent grain left behind after brewing beer is a byproduct with favorable nutrition parameters, with low sugar and high fiber and protein contents. The main objective of our experiments was the reintroduction of brewer’s spent grain into the food industry, with a focus on innovation and sustainable development, by utilizing it in commercially available bakery products (salty medallions / wafers) formulated and regulated in the Hungarian Food Codex. Brewer’s spent grain consists of vegetable proteins and fibers (inactive malt), which may improve the compositional characteristics when preparing bakery products. In the course of our research, medallions enriched with brewer’s spent grain were prepared, of the beneficial parameters of which its high dietary fiber content should be highlighted, which can contribute to the realization of a health-conscious diet for consumers. A diet rich in dietary fiber, combined with an adequate amount of exercise, can reduce the risk of developing certain diseases (e.g., cancer and cardiovascular diseases).

Nowadays there is an increasing emphasis on the use of raw materials. Typically, raw materials – in this study malt – are used in animal feeds and used in the brewing industry. However, in terms of quality (eg. high fibre content), these can be included in human nutrition, we have limited information on this possibility. The aim of our work was to compare different malt flours and examine the possibility of using malt in the baking industry. We were to investigate some of the most relevant parameters, such as dietary fibre content, crude protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, dry matter content, moisture content, salt and energy content. In the future, we aim to conduct a research on some of these parameters with different malt types as the brewing industry uses novel ingredients different cereals, pseudocereals such as amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), oat (Avena sativa L.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in addition to the spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Based on brewing studies, malt has a high fibre and protein content. Having these advantageous qualities, malt should be part of humans’ healthy diet. Using malt flour in the baking industry can be a new direction which can lead to creating a healthier lifestyle and healthier eating habits than suggested by the WHO (World Health Organization).

Az élelmiszeripari melléktermékek hasznosítása napjaink egyik fontos környezetvédelmi és gazdasági feladata. Az élelmiszeripari termelés során keletkező melléktermékeket jellemzően takarmányozási célokra hasznosítják, de ezek az anyagok számos esetben az emberi élelmiszerek gyártása során is hasznosíthatók lehetnek. A sörgyártás során visszamaradt törköly kedvező beltartalmi paraméterekkel rendelkező, alacsony cukor-, magas rost- és fehérjetartalmú melléktermék. Kísérleteink irányvonala a sörtörköly élelmiszeriparba történő visszavezetése, az innováció és fenntartható fejlődés szem előtt tartásával, a Magyar Élelmiszerkönyvben megfogalmazott és szabályozott, közforgalomban kapható sütőipari (sós tallér/ostya) termékekben való hasznosíthatósága volt. A sörtörköly növényi fehérjékből és rostokból áll (inaktív maláta), amely sütőipari termékek készítésénél az összetételi jellemzők javulását eredményezheti. Kutatásunk során sörtörköllyel dúsított tallérokat készítettünk, amelyek kedvező paraméterei közül kiemelendő a magas élelmirost-tartalom, amely hozzájárulhat a fogyasztók egészségtudatos táplálkozásának megvalósításához. Az élelmirostban gazdag táplálkozás, megfelelő mennyiségű testmozgással kombinálva csökkentheti egyes betegségek (pl. daganatos, szív- és érrendszeri megbetegedések) kialakulásának kockázatát.