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As an inland groundwater-fed oasis in northwest China, the Dunhuang West Lake Wetland (DWLW) has been threatened by decreasing groundwater recharge over the past several decades. Understanding recharging processes for DWLW is a key step for better protection of the oasis, but poorly studied. To this end, we carried out a comprehensive water chemistry and isotope sampling and analysis, by taking the oasis and its water sources as a complete system to reveal the oasis water recharging mechanism and flow paths. Water samples, including mountain snowmelt water, river water, groundwater, spring and lake water, were collected within and around the DWLW, and their environmental isotopes (δ18O and δD) and water chemistry were analysed. Results showed that the stable isotope values exhibited strong spatial variations, ranging from −90.69‰ to −42.45‰ for δD and from −13.81‰ to −2.90‰ for δ18O. The isotope values were extremely depleted for snowmelt water, followed by river water, groundwater, spring water, and were most enriched in lake water. The difference in isotopic values from the different water bodies indicates that seasonal rivers primarily originate from the snowmelt water in the adjacent mountains, discharge into the aquifer through infiltration, then groundwater rises up by forms of springs to the lake oases, the river and groundwater interacted frequently, causing significant changes in solute in different positions. The ion concentrations accumulated continuously along the flow path, the total dissolved solid content varied from 416 mg/L in river water to 20360 mg/L in lake water, and the dominant anion facies changed systematically from HCO3- to SO42- then Cl-. The ionic ration plot, chlor-alkali index and saturation index demonstrated that dissolution of minerals plays a major role in the change in chemical composition, and other processes such as carbonate precipitation associated with cation exchange reaction also influence the chemical composition. Our results are helpful for understanding the hydrological and hydrochemical processes in arid groundwater-fed oases, and can be also useful for rational management and assessment of regional-scale groundwater resources in oases.
Hui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Yonghua Li. Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes. Journal of Hydrology 2021, 597, 126154 .
AMA StyleHui Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang, Yonghua Li. Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes. Journal of Hydrology. 2021; 597 ():126154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Yonghua Li. 2021. "Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes." Journal of Hydrology 597, no. : 126154.
Vegetation is a crucial component of terrestrial ecosystems, and its changes are driven mainly by a combination of climate change and human activities. This paper aims to reveal the relationship between vegetation and climate change by using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), and to find the cause of vegetation change by performing residual analysis on the Loess Plateau during the period from 2000 to 2016. The results showed that the NDVI on the Loess Plateau exhibited an increase of 0.086 per decade, and an increasing trend was observed across 94.86% of the total area. The relationship between the NDVI and SPEI was mainly positive, and the correlation increased as the time scale of the SPEI lengthened, indicating that long-term water availability was the major climate factor affecting vegetation growth. Residual analysis indicated that climate change was responsible for 45.78% of NDVI variation, while human activities were responsible for 54.22%. In areas with degraded vegetation, the relative roles of climate change and human activities were 28.11% and 72.89%, respectively. In addition, the relative role of climate change increased with an increase in the time scales, implying that the long-term NDVI trend was more sensitive to climate change then the short-term trend. The results of this study are expected to enhance our understanding of vegetation changes under climate change and human activities and provide a scientific basis for future ecological restoration in arid regions.
Shangyu Shi; Jingjie Yu; Fei Wang; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Kai Jin. Quantitative contributions of climate change and human activities to vegetation changes over multiple time scales on the Loess Plateau. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 755, 142419 .
AMA StyleShangyu Shi, Jingjie Yu, Fei Wang, Ping Wang, Yichi Zhang, Kai Jin. Quantitative contributions of climate change and human activities to vegetation changes over multiple time scales on the Loess Plateau. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 755 ():142419.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShangyu Shi; Jingjie Yu; Fei Wang; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Kai Jin. 2020. "Quantitative contributions of climate change and human activities to vegetation changes over multiple time scales on the Loess Plateau." Science of The Total Environment 755, no. : 142419.
Groundwater is critical for supporting socioeconomic development but has experienced gradual decreases in recent decades due to rapid population growth and economic development throughout the world. In recent years, the utilization of transboundary groundwater resources has received extensive attention globally. Because transboundary aquifers do not follow borders and are concealed, neighboring countries are prone to experiencing conflicts over the use of these transboundary groundwater resources. Therefore, an accurate and comprehensive assessment of the development potential of groundwater resources in these transboundary aquifers is necessary for the rational and fair use of those groundwater resources. Transboundary groundwater resources are an important water source for life, production, and ecological water use in Central Asia, which has a distinctive continental arid and semi-arid climate, and surface water resources in this region are relatively scarce. Considering the existing problems related to the utilization of groundwater resources in the transboundary aquifers in this region, we propose developing strategies for on-demand water abstraction, enhancing the ecological protection of transboundary aquifers, and strengthening international cooperation. This paper summarizes the distribution of 34 transboundary aquifers in Central Asia and analyzes the status and potential of groundwater resource uses in these transboundary aquifers.
Yu Liu; Ping Wang; Hongwei Ruan; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yanpei Cheng; Rashid Kulmatov. Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives. Water 2020, 12, 2101 .
AMA StyleYu Liu, Ping Wang, Hongwei Ruan, Tianye Wang, Jingjie Yu, Yanpei Cheng, Rashid Kulmatov. Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives. Water. 2020; 12 (8):2101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu Liu; Ping Wang; Hongwei Ruan; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yanpei Cheng; Rashid Kulmatov. 2020. "Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives." Water 12, no. 8: 2101.
Despite the significance of river leakage to riparian ecosystems in arid/semi-arid regions, a true understanding and the accurate quantification of the leakage processes of ephemeral rivers in these regions remain elusive. In this study, the patterns of river infiltration and the associated controlling factors in an approximately 150-km section of the Donghe River (lower Heihe River, China) were revealed using a combination of field investigations and modelling techniques. The results showed that from 21 April 2010 to 7 September 2012, river water leakage accounted for 33% of the total river runoff in the simulated segments. A sensitivity analysis showed that the simulated infiltration rates were most sensitive to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity and the maximum evapotranspiration (ET) rate. However, the river leakage rate, i.e., the ratio of the leakage volume to the total runoff volume, of a single runoff event relies heavily on the total runoff volume and river flow rate. In addition to the hydraulic parameters of riverbeds, the characteristics of ET parameters are equally important for quantifying the flux exchange between arid ephemeral streams and underlying aquifers. Coupled surface/groundwater models, which aim to estimate river leakage, should consider riparian zones because these areas play a dominant role in the formation of leakage from the river for recharging via ET. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for water resource planning and management in regulated river basins to help maintain riparian ecosystems in arid regions.
Leilei Min; Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy; Ping Wang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Jingjie Yu. Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams. Water 2020, 12, 499 .
AMA StyleLeilei Min, Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy, Ping Wang, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Jingjie Yu. Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams. Water. 2020; 12 (2):499.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeilei Min; Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy; Ping Wang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Jingjie Yu. 2020. "Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams." Water 12, no. 2: 499.
Water scarcity and ecological degradation as a result of the expansion of irrigated agriculture in arid regions have become global issues. A better understanding of the changes in crop water requirements (CWRs) is important for promoting sustainable development, particularly the water resource management of transboundary rivers. In this study, the latest and complete meteorological station and crop area data, the CropWat model, and the slope method were used to estimate the CWR in the Syr Darya Basin (SDB) of Central Asia from 2000 to 2018. The spatiotemporal variation of the water requirements for primary crops at the city scale was first assessed. The impacts of climate and cultivated land change on the CWR were quantified, and the associated impacts of the CWR on the water resources and environment were discussed. The results revealed that the mean unit area CWR of the SDB was 944.1 mm and the rate of increase was 7.6 mm/a from 2000 to 2018. The area of the primary crops expanded by 5851.6 km2, and the total CWR increased at a mean rate of 2.0 × 108 m3/a, with the majority of this change being concentrated between 2010 and 2018. By 2018, the total CWR reached 194.8 × 108 m3. The lower reaches of the SDB were associated with a high CWR and a high rate of increase. Along with the reduction in basin water resources, the increased CWR has exacerbated the water stress in the SDB. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the dominant factors influencing the change in the CWR are cultivated land change (65.0%) and climate change (35.0%). Owing to a reasonable crop planting structure, the middle reaches maintained a relatively low CWR and rate of increase. Given the predicted changes in climate, optimizing crop planting structure and controlling the expansion of cultivated land in order to reduce the CWR can help to mitigate water scarcity.
Hongwei Ruan; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang. Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 713, 136585 .
AMA StyleHongwei Ruan, Jingjie Yu, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang. Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 713 ():136585.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHongwei Ruan; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang. 2020. "Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia." Science of The Total Environment 713, no. : 136585.
With rapid economic development, demand for water resources is continuously increasing, which has resulted in common overexploitation of groundwater, particularly in megacities. This overexploitation of groundwater over many years has brought a series of adverse problems, including groundwater level decline, land subsidence and hydrogeological issues. To quantitatively describe these risks, we propose a risk evaluation model for groundwater exploitation and utilization. By deducing and expanding on the cusp catastrophe type, this study breaks through the limitations on the catastrophe assessment method, e.g., the number of indicators, and establishes an improved catastrophe assessment model for groundwater exploitation and utilization risk. In addition, the index system of the risk evaluation is constructed including three criterion layers: groundwater system condition (B1), groundwater exploitation and utilization (B2) and groundwater environmental problems (B3) and is tested for the conditions in Shanghai City, eastern China. The evaluation results show that the comprehensive risk values for groundwater exploitation and utilization in all districts (counties) of Shanghai are between 0.68 and 0.85, which categorizes the city as in the moderate risk zone; therefore, the improved catastrophe model is suitable for assessing groundwater exploitation risk in Shanghai City and should be applicable more broadly for the effective protection and sustainable supply of groundwater.
Hui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Chaoyang Du; Jun Xia; Xiaojun Wang. Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China. Water 2019, 11, 1775 .
AMA StyleHui Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Chaoyang Du, Jun Xia, Xiaojun Wang. Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1775.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Chaoyang Du; Jun Xia; Xiaojun Wang. 2019. "Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China." Water 11, no. 9: 1775.
The well-known White method (A method of estimating ground-water supplies based on discharge by plants and evaporation from soil: Results of investigation in Escalante Valley, Utah. Washington D.C, US Geological Survey. Water Supply Paper 659-A United States Department of the Interior, 1932) based on diurnal water table observations has been widely applied to estimate groundwater evapotranspiration (ETG) from phreatophyte vegetation. One of the limitations of this method is its large uncertainties in quantifying the daily groundwater recovery rate (r), which is assumed to be equal to the average rate of groundwater level rise between midnight (i.e., 00:00 h) and 04:00 h. Recent studies pointed out that ETG is highly dependent on the shape and duration of the diurnal clear-sky solar radiation curve and that using the groundwater recovery rate over a short interval of nighttime hours to represent the daily r may lead to large uncertainties in ETG estimates. In this study, we analysed the dependence of the estimated daily r on the sunset and sunrise timings. Numerical experiment results showed that the estimated r is highly sensitive to the duration between sunset and sunrise, which varies seasonally. Instead of using fixed time spans (TSs), e.g., from midnight to 04:00 h, we recommend a more universal method for determining the TS, which is associated with the sunset and/or sunrise timings and used to estimate the daily r. This dynamic TS approach was tested at a Tamarix ramosissima-dominated riparian site with a hyper-arid climate (precipitation of 35 mm a−1) in northwestern China. Compared with the observed evapotranspiration (ET), our approach showed better performance and less subjectivity in estimating ETG than the traditional White approach.
Tian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Jing-Jie Yu; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Chao-Yang Du; Yi-Chi Zhang. Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings. Environmental Earth Sciences 2019, 78, 1 -7.
AMA StyleTian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Jing-Jie Yu, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Chao-Yang Du, Yi-Chi Zhang. Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2019; 78 (14):1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Jing-Jie Yu; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Chao-Yang Du; Yi-Chi Zhang. 2019. "Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings." Environmental Earth Sciences 78, no. 14: 1-7.
The groundwater storage of China’s Alxa Plateau (AP), one of the driest plateaus in the World, with a mixed landscape of deserts, including the Gobi, natural riparian oases and mosaic groundwater-fed irrigation areas, is vulnerable to global climate change and enhanced human activities. In this study, we revealed the temporal and spatial pattern of the changes in groundwater storage (GWS) across the AP by integrating satellite observations, hydrological modelling and ground data during the period of 2003-2016. Our results showed the GWS experienced a significant decreasing trend across the AP, while the precipitation did not significantly change. GWS continues to decrease in the center of the AP, i.e., the Badain Jaran Desert, which is likely associated with the fact of increasing evapotranspiration. The anthropogenic influences were reflect as the long-term extraction of groundwater has strongly depleted the GWS in the southeastern AP; however, in the northwestern part of the AP, groundwater depletion has been relieved due to the water diversion project with general increasing river runoff. Furthermore, based on our analysis and a broad review of the studies in other sub-regions over the AP, the possible regional flow path was proposed with particular addressing on the likely influence by anthropogenic activities. The dynamics in the GWS among the different hydrogeological units is likely interconnected through regional groundwater flow paths. Decreasing of GWS in the central AP, which would lead to reducing groundwater discharge to the northwestern AP, might further cause the groundwater depletion in the northwestern AP. Our results emphasize the tempo-spatial patterns in GWS change and the associated hydrological and ecological processes across the dry plateau. Identifying and untangling the various processes that impact on groundwater storage would allow us to develop more effective water management strategies.
Tian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Chao-Yang Du; Yuan-Hao Fang. Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 576, 262 -272.
AMA StyleTian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Yi-Chi Zhang, Jing-Jie Yu, Chao-Yang Du, Yuan-Hao Fang. Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 576 ():262-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Chao-Yang Du; Yuan-Hao Fang. 2019. "Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China." Journal of Hydrology 576, no. : 262-272.
Quantifying terminal-lake dynamics is crucial for understanding water-ecosystem-economy relationship across endorheic river basins in arid environments. In this study, the spatio-temporal variations in terminal lakes of the lower Heihe River Basin were investigated for the first time since the Ecological Water Diversion Project commenced in 2000. The lake area and corresponding water consumption were determined with 248 Landsat images. Vital recovery of lakes occurred two years after the implementation of the project, and the total lake area increased by 382.6%, from 30.7 to 148.2 km2, during 2002–2017. East Juyan Lake (EJL) was first restored as a project target and subsequently reached a maximum area of 70.1 km2. Water dispersion was initiated in 2003, with the East river prioritized for restoration. Swan Lake in the East river enlarged to 67.7 km2 by 2017, while the other four lakes temporarily existed or maintained an area < 7 km2, such as West Juyan Lake. Water consumed by lakes increased synchronously with lake area. The average water consumption of the six lakes was 1.03 × 108 m3/year, with 63% from EJL. The increasing terminal lakes; however, highlight the seasonal competition for water use between riparian vegetation and lake ecosystems in water-limited areas.
Bei Li; Yi-Chi Zhang; Ping Wang; Chao-Yang Du; Jing-Jie Yu. Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1164 .
AMA StyleBei Li, Yi-Chi Zhang, Ping Wang, Chao-Yang Du, Jing-Jie Yu. Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (10):1164.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBei Li; Yi-Chi Zhang; Ping Wang; Chao-Yang Du; Jing-Jie Yu. 2019. "Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery." Remote Sensing 11, no. 10: 1164.
The Selenga-Baikal Basin, a transboundary river basin between Mongolia and Russia, warmed at nearly twice the global rate and experienced enhanced human activities in recent decades. To understand the vegetation response to climate change, the dynamic spatial-temporal characteristics of the vegetation and the relationships between the vegetation dynamics and climate variability in the Selenga-Baikal Basin were investigated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and gridded temperature and precipitation data for the period of 1982 to 2015. Our results indicated that precipitation played a key role in vegetation growth across regions that presented multiyear mean annual precipitation lower than 350 mm, although its importance became less apparent over regions with precipitation exceeding 350 mm. Because of the overall temperature-limited conditions, temperature had a more substantial impact on vegetation growth than precipitation. Generally, an increasing trend was observed in the growth of forest vegetation, which is heavily dependent on temperature, whereas a decreasing trend was detected for grassland, for which the predominant growth-limiting factor is precipitation. Additionally, human activities, such as urbanization, mining, increased wildfires, illegal logging, and livestock overgrazing are important factors driving vegetation change.
Guan Wang; Ping Wang; Tian-Ye Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Ning Ma; Natalia L. Frolova; Chang-Ming Liu. Contrasting Changes in Vegetation Growth due to Different Climate Forcings over the Last Three Decades in the Selenga-Baikal Basin. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 426 .
AMA StyleGuan Wang, Ping Wang, Tian-Ye Wang, Yi-Chi Zhang, Jing-Jie Yu, Ning Ma, Natalia L. Frolova, Chang-Ming Liu. Contrasting Changes in Vegetation Growth due to Different Climate Forcings over the Last Three Decades in the Selenga-Baikal Basin. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (4):426.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuan Wang; Ping Wang; Tian-Ye Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Ning Ma; Natalia L. Frolova; Chang-Ming Liu. 2019. "Contrasting Changes in Vegetation Growth due to Different Climate Forcings over the Last Three Decades in the Selenga-Baikal Basin." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4: 426.
Nansi Lake has been seriously affected by intensive anthropogenic activities in recent years. In this study, an extensive survey on spatial variation, pollution assessment as well as the possible sources identification of major nutrients (Total phosphorus: TP, Total nitrogen: TN, and Total organic carbon: TOC) in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake was conducted. Results showed that the mean contents of TP, TN and TOC were 1.13-, 5.40- and 2.50- fold higher than their background values respectively. Most of the TN and TOC contents in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake were four times as high or higher and twice as high or higher than the background values except the Zhaoyang sub-lake, and the spatial distribution of TN and TOC contents were remarkably similar over a large area. Nearly all the TP contents in the surface sediments of Nansi Lake were all higher than its background values except most part of the Zhaoyang sub-lake. Based on the enrichment factor (EF) and the organic pollution evaluation index (Org-index), TP, TOC and TN showed minor enrichment (1.13), minor enrichment (2.50) and moderately severe enrichment (5.40), respectively, and most part of the Dushan sub-lake and the vicinity of the Weishan island were in moderate or heavy sediments organic pollution, while the other parts were clean. Moreover, according to the results of multivariate statistical analysis, we deduced that anthropogenic TN and TOC were mainly came from industrial sources including enterprises distributed in Jining, Yanzhou and Zoucheng along with iron and steel industries distributed in the southern of the Weishan sub-lake, whereas TP mainly originated from runoff and soil erosion coming from agricultural lands located in Heze city and Weishan island, the local aquacultural activities as well as the domestic sewage discharge of Jining city.
Longfeng Wang; Jun Xia; Jingjie Yu; Liyuan Yang; Chesheng Zhan; Yunfeng Qiao; Hongwei Lu. Spatial Variation, Pollution Assessment and Source Identification of Major Nutrients in Surface Sediments of Nansi Lake, China. Water 2017, 9, 444 .
AMA StyleLongfeng Wang, Jun Xia, Jingjie Yu, Liyuan Yang, Chesheng Zhan, Yunfeng Qiao, Hongwei Lu. Spatial Variation, Pollution Assessment and Source Identification of Major Nutrients in Surface Sediments of Nansi Lake, China. Water. 2017; 9 (6):444.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLongfeng Wang; Jun Xia; Jingjie Yu; Liyuan Yang; Chesheng Zhan; Yunfeng Qiao; Hongwei Lu. 2017. "Spatial Variation, Pollution Assessment and Source Identification of Major Nutrients in Surface Sediments of Nansi Lake, China." Water 9, no. 6: 444.
Li Ya-Fei; Yu Jing-Jie; Lu Kai; Wang Ping; Zhang Yi-Chi; Du Chao-Yang. Water sources of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima in Ejina Delta, the lower reaches of the Heihe River, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 2017, 41, 519 -528.
AMA StyleLi Ya-Fei, Yu Jing-Jie, Lu Kai, Wang Ping, Zhang Yi-Chi, Du Chao-Yang. Water sources of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima in Ejina Delta, the lower reaches of the Heihe River, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology. 2017; 41 (5):519-528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi Ya-Fei; Yu Jing-Jie; Lu Kai; Wang Ping; Zhang Yi-Chi; Du Chao-Yang. 2017. "Water sources of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima in Ejina Delta, the lower reaches of the Heihe River, China." Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 41, no. 5: 519-528.
Lake evaporation is a critical component of the hydrological cycle. Quantifying lake evaporation in hyper-arid regions by measurement and estimation can both provide reliable potential evaporation (ET0) reference and promote a deeper understanding of the regional hydrological process and its response towards changing climate. We placed a floating E601 evaporation pan on East Juyan Lake, which is representative of arid regions’ terminal lakes, to measure daily evaporation and conducted simultaneous bankside synoptic observation during the growing season of 2013–2015. A semi-empirical evaporation model derived from Dalton model was parameterized and validated with measured data. The model was then used to estimate lake evaporation during 2002–2015. According to in situ measurements, maximum, minimum and mean lake evaporation were 8.1, 3.7 and 6.5 mm/day, and growing season evaporation was 1183.3 mm (~80% of the annual amount). Adding up non-growing season evaporation that we converted from φ20 pan evaporation at Ejina weather station, the annual mean lake evaporation, 1471.3 mm, was representative of lower Heihe River’s ET0. Model inter-comparison implied our model performed well both in simplicity and accuracy and has potential utilization in a data-sparse area. In 2002–2015, estimated mean daily evaporation was 6.5 mm/day and growing season evaporation was 1233.7 mm. Trend analysis of estimated evaporation proved the evaporation paradox’s existence in this hyper-arid region and validated complementary relationship theory’s adaptability.
Xiao Liu; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Chaoyang Du. Lake Evaporation in a Hyper-Arid Environment, Northwest of China—Measurement and Estimation. Water 2016, 8, 527 .
AMA StyleXiao Liu, Jingjie Yu, Ping Wang, Yichi Zhang, Chaoyang Du. Lake Evaporation in a Hyper-Arid Environment, Northwest of China—Measurement and Estimation. Water. 2016; 8 (11):527.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao Liu; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Chaoyang Du. 2016. "Lake Evaporation in a Hyper-Arid Environment, Northwest of China—Measurement and Estimation." Water 8, no. 11: 527.
The Budyko hypothesis (BH) is an effective approach to investigating long-term water balance at large basin scale under steady state. The assumption of steady state prevents applications of the BH to basins, which is unclosed, or with significant variations in root zone water storage, i.e., under unsteady state, such as in extremely arid regions. In this study, we choose the Heihe River basin (HRB) in China, an extremely arid inland basin, as the study area. We firstly use a calibrated and then validated monthly water balance model, i.e., the abcd model, to quantitatively determine annual and monthly variations of water balance for the sub-basins and the whole catchment of the HRB, and find that the roles of root zone water storage change and that of inflow from upper sub-basins in monthly water balance are significant. With the recognition of the inflow water from other regions and the root zone water storage change as additional possible water sources to evapotranspiration in unclosed basins, we further define the equivalent precipitation (Pe) to include local precipitation, inflow water and root zone water storage change as the water supply in the Budyko framework. With the newly defined water supply, the Budyko curve can successfully describe the relationship between the evapotranspiration ratio and the aridity index at both annual and monthly timescales, whilst it fails when only the local precipitation being considered. Adding to that, we develop a new Fu-type Budyko equation with two non-dimensional parameters (ω and λ) based on the deviation of Fu's equation. Over the annual timescale, the new Fu-type Budyko equation developed here has more or less identical performance to Fu's original equation for the sub-basins and the whole catchment. However, over the monthly timescale, due to large seasonality of root zone water storage and inflow water, the new Fu-type Budyko equation generally performs better than Fu's original equation. The new Fu-type Budyko equation (ω and λ) developed here enables one to apply the BH to interpret regional water balance over extremely dry environments under unsteady state (e.g., unclosed basins or sub-annual timescales).
C. Du; F. Sun; J. Yu; X. Liu; Y. Chen. New interpretation of the role of water balance in an extended Budyko hypothesis in arid regions. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 2016, 20, 393 -409.
AMA StyleC. Du, F. Sun, J. Yu, X. Liu, Y. Chen. New interpretation of the role of water balance in an extended Budyko hypothesis in arid regions. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 2016; 20 (1):393-409.
Chicago/Turabian StyleC. Du; F. Sun; J. Yu; X. Liu; Y. Chen. 2016. "New interpretation of the role of water balance in an extended Budyko hypothesis in arid regions." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 1: 393-409.
There is no alternative to the world’s water resources, and their increasing scarcity is making it difficult to meet the world population’s water needs. This paper presents a sustainable water resources system (SWRS) and analyzes the operating mechanism that makes it possible to evaluate the status of such a system. A SWRS can be described as a complex coupling system that integrates water resources, social, economic and ecological systems into a whole. The SWRS’s operating mechanism is composed of dynamic, resistance and coordination components, and it interacts with and controls the system’s evolution process. The study introduces a new approach, set pair analysis theory, to measure the state of a SWRS, and an evaluation index system is established using the subsystems and operating mechanism of a SWRS. The evaluation index system is separated into three levels (goal level, criteria level and index level) and divides the index standard into five grades. An evaluation model of the SWRS based on set pair analysis theory is constructed, and an example of SWRS evaluation in Shanghai is presented. The connection degrees of the index in the three levels are calculated, and the connection degree of the goal index is calculated to be 0.342, which classifies the city’s SWRS condition as grade 2. The sustainable use of water resources in the region is determined to be at a relatively adequate level that meets the requirements of sustainable development.
Chaoyang Du; Jingjie Yu; Huaping Zhong; Dandan Wang. Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, 9, 288 -297.
AMA StyleChaoyang Du, Jingjie Yu, Huaping Zhong, Dandan Wang. Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering. 2014; 9 (2):288-297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoyang Du; Jingjie Yu; Huaping Zhong; Dandan Wang. 2014. "Operating mechanism and set pair analysis model of a sustainable water resources system." Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 9, no. 2: 288-297.
Groundwater plays a dominant role in the eco-environmental protection of arid/semi-arid areas. Understanding sources and mechanisms of groundwater recharge in the Ejina Basin, an arid inland river basin in northwest China, is important for water resource planning in this ecologically sensitive area. In this study, 90 water samples were collected from rainfall, rivers and lakes, and springs and pumping wells in 2009. Analysis of the aquifer system and hydrological conditions, together with hydrogeochemical and isotope techniques were used to investigate groundwater sources and their associated recharge processes. Our results show that shallow phreatic and deep confined groundwater differ greatly in their compositions, with a distinct spatial heterogeneity of phreatic groundwater TDS (from 365 mg/L to 5833 mg/L), which increase along the shallow groundwater flow paths. Groundwater chemical evolution is mainly controlled by rock dominance and the evaporation-crystallization process, and the dominant anion species change systematically from HCO3 to SO4 to Cl, and the dissolved ions within the groundwater system from Na- and K-rich minerals and sulfate phases also contribute significantly to the groundwater composition. The stable isotope levels (δ18O and δ2H) of the surface water and the shallow phreatic groundwater confirm that the Heihe River and Badain Jaran Desert groundwater are the main sources recharging the phreatic aquifer in the Ejina Basin. Thus, river infiltration and desert front recharge should be considered as the two main recharge mechanisms of the Ejina aquifer. However, recharge from the Badain Jaran Desert aquifer to the Ejina Basin has occurred at a lower rate due to aridification since the middle Holocene. For this reason, the sustainable improvement of the ecological environment should be based on the shallow groundwater recharge of the phreatic aquifer in the Ejina Delta, which mainly takes place via seepage through the riverbed and direct infiltration during periods of environmental flow control.
Ping Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Changming Liu. Groundwater recharge and hydrogeochemical evolution in the Ejina Basin, northwest China. Journal of Hydrology 2012, 476, 72 -86.
AMA StylePing Wang, Jingjie Yu, Yichi Zhang, Changming Liu. Groundwater recharge and hydrogeochemical evolution in the Ejina Basin, northwest China. Journal of Hydrology. 2012; 476 ():72-86.
Chicago/Turabian StylePing Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Changming Liu. 2012. "Groundwater recharge and hydrogeochemical evolution in the Ejina Basin, northwest China." Journal of Hydrology 476, no. : 72-86.
Streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K) plays an important role in river water and groundwater interaction. The K at the ten transects (Ts1–Ts10) at the Donghe River (an intermittent river) in the Ejina Basin, northwestern China, was measured to investigate its spatial variation. Based on the sediment characteristics and vertical hydraulic conductivity of the riverbed, the entire riverbed of the Donghe River could be divided arbitrarily into two parts: an upper part (starting at Ts1 and ending at Ts9, without an obvious and continuous clogging layer) and a lower part (the remaining riverbed, with an obvious and continuous clogging layer). In the upper part, although the K varied with depth within the 0–30 cm layer, the variability with depth could be ignored in practice. The arithmetic mean K of the upper part ranged from 12 to 27.6 m/day, three orders of magnitude larger than that of the lower part (0.06 m/day). The change of K along the river cross section was significant, and larger values of K often occurred in the parts of the channels with greater water depth. However, there were no consistent patterns of the variability of K at transects across the river, which was influenced by the variation in streambed characteristics. The results could be useful for the estimation of groundwater recharge from river and groundwater resources evaluation in the Ejina Basin.
Leilei Min; Jingjie Yu; Changming Liu; Juntao Zhu; Ping Wang. The spatial variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity in an intermittent river, northwestern China. Environmental Earth Sciences 2012, 69, 873 -883.
AMA StyleLeilei Min, Jingjie Yu, Changming Liu, Juntao Zhu, Ping Wang. The spatial variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity in an intermittent river, northwestern China. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2012; 69 (3):873-883.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeilei Min; Jingjie Yu; Changming Liu; Juntao Zhu; Ping Wang. 2012. "The spatial variability of streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity in an intermittent river, northwestern China." Environmental Earth Sciences 69, no. 3: 873-883.
The impacts of environmental flow controls on the water table and chemistry of groundwater in the Ejina Delta, an arid inland river basin in northwest China, were investigated with field observations in 2001 and 2009. The results indicate that the shallow groundwater level rose by 0–2 m in the upper reaches of the east tributary of the Heihe River and in the areas of Saihantaolai—Dalaikubu during the period of environmental flow controls. The chemical constituents of the groundwater show a distinct spatial heterogeneity with the total dissolved solids (TDS) in the groundwater increasing from the periphery towards the depocenter of the Ejina Basin. In addition, the rate of groundwater cycling in the south of the Ejina Delta increased, and the mineralization of groundwater declined, while the overall mineralization and salinity increased in the northern regions, especially in the depocenter of the Ejina Basin. Since shallow groundwater is important to the ecology of arid regions, and because understanding the changes in the shallow groundwater environment (groundwater level and hydrochemistry) in response to environmental flow controls is essential for the sustainable improvement of the ecological environment, the results of this paper can be used as a reference for watershed water resources planning and management to help maintain the health and proper function of rivers in arid regions.
Ping Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Guobin Fu; Leilei Min; Fei Ao. Impacts of environmental flow controls on the water table and groundwater chemistry in the Ejina Delta, northwestern China. Environmental Earth Sciences 2010, 64, 15 -24.
AMA StylePing Wang, Jingjie Yu, Yichi Zhang, Guobin Fu, Leilei Min, Fei Ao. Impacts of environmental flow controls on the water table and groundwater chemistry in the Ejina Delta, northwestern China. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2010; 64 (1):15-24.
Chicago/Turabian StylePing Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Guobin Fu; Leilei Min; Fei Ao. 2010. "Impacts of environmental flow controls on the water table and groundwater chemistry in the Ejina Delta, northwestern China." Environmental Earth Sciences 64, no. 1: 15-24.
Monthly observed wind speed data at 597 weather stations and NCEP wind speed data at 10 m above surface were used to explore the temporal variations of the wind speed for 1961–2007 in China. The results indicate that the temporal variation of annual wind speed in China has experienced four phases: two relatively steady periods from 1961 to 1968 and 1969 to 1974 with a sharp step change in 1969, a statistically significant decline stage from 1974 to 1990s, and another relatively steady period from 1990s to 2007. Except for the sharp step in 1969 being caused by the changes of observation instrument, other breakpoints correspond well with the positive and negative phases of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation. In addition, four different temporal variation patterns of annual wind speed in China have been identified by using cluster analysis and their spatial distributions were also explored.
Guobin Fu; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Shanshan Hu; Rulin Ouyang; Wenbin Liu. Temporal variation of wind speed in China for 1961–2007. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 2010, 104, 313 -324.
AMA StyleGuobin Fu, Jingjie Yu, Yichi Zhang, Shanshan Hu, Rulin Ouyang, Wenbin Liu. Temporal variation of wind speed in China for 1961–2007. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2010; 104 (3-4):313-324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuobin Fu; Jingjie Yu; Yichi Zhang; Shanshan Hu; Rulin Ouyang; Wenbin Liu. 2010. "Temporal variation of wind speed in China for 1961–2007." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 104, no. 3-4: 313-324.