A magnetic metal−organic frameworks adsorbent (Fe₃O₄@MIL-53(Al)) was prepared by a typical solvothermal method for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline (TC), congo red (CR), and methylene blue (MB). The prepared Fe₃O₄@MIL-53(Al) composite adsorbent was well characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The influence of adsorbent quantity, adsorption time, pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of the mentioned pollutants were also studied by a UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacities were found to be 160.9 mg/g for BPA, 47.8 mg/g for TC, 234.4 mg/g for CR, 70.8 mg/g for MB, respectively, which is superior to the other reported adsorbents. The adsorption of BPA, TC, and CR were well-fitted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, while MB followed the Freundlich model, while the adsorption kinetics data of all pollutants followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamic values, including the enthalpy change (ΔH°), the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), and entropy change (ΔS°), showed that the adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic entropy-reduction process for BPA, but spontaneous and endothermic entropy-increasing processes for the others. The Fe₃O₄@MIL-53(Al) was also found to be easily separated after external magnetic field, can be a potential candidate for future water treatment.

In this article, nano-CuCr₂O₄ (copper chromite)/ultrafine ammonium perchlorate (AP) composites were prepared by a ultrasonic dispersion method and a mechanical grinding method. A series of nano-CuCr₂O₄/ultrafine AP composites with different dispersions were prepared by controlling the compounding time to study the best catalytic effect of nano-CuCr₂O₄ on the ultrafine AP. The microstructures, surface elements, and morphologies of samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. The catalytic effect of nano-CuCr₂O₄ on the thermal decomposition of AP was investigated by differential scanning calorimetric techniques and thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicated that the mechanical ball milling method could make nano-CuCr₂O₄ more evenly dispersed on the ultrafine AP, and with the increase in the milling time, the uniformity of nano-CuCr₂O₄ on the ultrafine AP was better. When the milling time was 6–12 h, nano-CuCr₂O₄ was most evenly dispersed on the ultrafine AP. At this time, the decomposition temperature and Gibbs free energy of the nano-CuCr₂O₄/ultrafine AP composite were the lowest, which decreased by 78.1 °C and 25.16 kJ/mol compared with those of ultrafine AP, respectively. Moreover, the mechanical sensitivity of nano-CuCr₂O₄/ultrafine AP composites was lower than that of ultrafine AP. It showed that ball milling for 6–12 h could make nano-CuCr₂O₄ evenly dispersed on the ultrafine AP, and nano-CuCr₂O₄ could play the best catalytic effect on the ultrafine AP.

It is very important to develop a new method of preparing high-performance liquid silicone rubber-reinforcing filler. Herein, the hydrophilic surface of silica (SiO₂) particles was modified by a vinyl silazane coupling agent to prepare a new type of hydrophobic reinforcing filler. The structures and properties of modified SiO₂ particles were confirmed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), specific surface area and particle size distribution and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the results of which demonstrated that the aggregation of hydrophobic particles is greatly reduced. Additionally, the effects of the vinyl-modified SiO₂ particle (f-SiO₂) content on the dispersibility, rheology, and thermal and mechanical properties of liquid silicone rubber (SR) composites were studied for application toward high-performance SR matrix. The results showed that the f-SiO₂/SR composites possessed low viscosity and higher thermal stability, conductivity, and mechanical strength than of SiO₂/SR composites. We believe that this study will provide ideas for the preparation of high-performance liquid silicone rubber with low viscosity.

Energetic composite materials (ECMs) are the basic materials of polymer binder explosives and composite solid propellants, which are mainly composed of explosive crystals and binders. During the manufacturing, storage and use of ECMs, the bonding surface is prone to micro/fine cracks or defects caused by external stimuli such as temperature, humidity and impact, affecting the safety and service of ECMs. Therefore, substantial efforts have been devoted to designing suitable self-healing binders aimed at repairing cracks/defects. This review describes the research progress on self-healing binders for ECMs. The structural designs of these strategies to manipulate macro-molecular and/or supramolecular polymers are discussed in detail, and then the implementation of these strategies on ECMs is discussed. However, the reasonable configuration of robust microstructures and effective dynamic exchange are still challenges. Therefore, the prospects for the development of self-healing binders for ECMs are proposed. These critical insights are emphasized to guide the research on developing novel self-healing binders for ECMs in the future.