Considering the limited driving range and inconvenient energy replenishment way of battery electric vehicle, fuel cell electric vehicles (FC EVs) are taken as a promising way to meet the requirements for long-distance low-carbon driving. However, due to the limitation of FC power ability, a battery is usually adopted as the supplement power source to fill the gap between the requirement of driving and the serviceability of FC. In consequence, energy management is essential and crucial to an efficient power flow to the wheel. In this paper, a self-optimizing power matching strategy is proposed, considering the energy efficiency and battery degradation, via implementing a deep deterministic policy gradient. Based on the proposed strategy, less energy consumption and longer FC and battery life can be expected in FC EV powertrain with optimal hybridization degree.

For the requirement of the complex dynamic performance for the fuel cell vehicle (FCV), the wide operation range and rapid dynamic response ability are essential to the fuel cell electric air compressor, which are limited by the output torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) commonly used in FCV. The purpose of this study is to improve the output torque of the stators and its rapid dynamic response capacity of PMSM using the mathematical model, multi-objective optimization and experimental validation. Firstly, a mathematical model of speed regulation response of ultra-high speed PMSM is established, which provides a basis for taguchi legal sub-optimization in this study. Secondly, stator parameters were selected as optimization variables based on Taguchi method, and the optimal combination of optimization variables was selected with the maximum electromagnetic torque, minimum cogging torque, minimum stator copper loss and minimum stator iron loss as optimization objectives. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization method is verified by simulation analysis and bench test. At the target speed of 110652rpm, 124364rpm and 146876rpm, the overall response times before optimization are 1.9386s, 2.3902s, and 2.7844s. Respectively, the overall response times after optimization are 1.8604s, 2.2856s, and 2.6132s. The speed response time after optimization is 0.0782s, 0.1046s and 0.1712s less than before optimization, respectively.

Hydrogen has the physical and chemical characteristics of being flammable, explosive and prone to leakage, and its safety is the main issue faced by the promotion of hydrogen as an energy source. The most common scene in vehicle application is the longitudinal wind generated by driving, and the original position of hydrogen concentration sensors (HCSs) did not consider the influence of longitudinal wind on the hydrogen leakage trajectory. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR CCM 2021.1 is used to simulate the hydrogen leakage and diffusion trajectories of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) at five different leakage locations the longitudinal wind speeds of 0 km/h, 37.18 km/h and 114 km/h, and it is concluded that longitudinal wind prolongs the diffusion time of hydrogen to the headspace and reduces the coverage area of hydrogen in the headspace with a decrease of 81.35%. In order to achieve a good detection effect of fuel cell vehicles within the longitudinal wind scene, based on the simulated hydrogen concentration–time matrix, the scene clustering method based on vector similarity evaluation was used to reduce the leakage scene set by 33%. Then, the layout position of HCSs was optimized according to the proposed multi-scene full coverage response time minimization model, and the response time was reduced from 5 s to 1 s.

As an auxiliary component with the largest energy consumption in the fuel cell power system, the electric air compressor is of great significance to improve the overall efficiency of the system by reducing its power consumption under the premise of meeting the cathode intake demand. In this paper, the flow state of the gas in the flow field of the fuel cell TSEAC (two-stage electric air compressor) is analyzed by simulation, and the accuracy of the simulation results is verified by experiments. Through the research on the gas compression work of the fuel cell TSEAC, it is found that the higher temperature rise of the gas during the compression process will increase the compression work, thereby reducing the efficiency of the fuel cell TSEAC. Therefore, based on the field synergy theory, this paper designs the heat dissipation structure of the TSEAC elbow. In the common working conditions of fuel cell TSEAC, micro-fin tube is an effective energy-saving structure that takes into account heat dissipation enhancement and flow resistance, and its ratio of micro-fin height to laminar bottom layer thickness ε/δ = 1.6 has the best energy-saving effect. Finally, the energy-saving effect of the micro-fin tube is verified by simulation. The load torque of the optimized fuel cell TSEAC is reduced from 1.540 N·m to 1.509 N·m, and the shaft power is reduced from 14.51 kW to 14.22 kW. Its efficiency increased by 1.9%.