The Dakalasu No.1 pegmatitic rare-element deposit is a representative of Be-Nb-Ta pegmatites in Altai, Xinjiang, China. Beryl is the most important beryllium-carrying mineral in Dakalasu No.1 pegmatite. To constrain the concentration mechanism of Be, we conducted a study of the textural relationships and chemical compositions (major and trace elements) of beryl, along with microthermometry and Raman spectroscopy on beryl-hosted fluid inclusions. Two generations of beryl were recognized. The early beryl I was formed in the magmatic stage, whereas the late beryl IIa and IIb were formed in the magmatic-hydrothermal stage. Lithium and Cs contents increased from beryl I, beryl IIa, to beryl IIb, whereas Mg and Rb contents decreased. Scandium, V, and Ga contents of beryl IIa are similar to beryl IIb, but different in beryl I. Titanium is enriched in beryl IIa. The high FeO contents and Na/Cs ratios of beryl (I, IIa, and IIb) reveal the low degree of differentiation evolution of the Dakalasu No.1 pegmatite. Two types of melt inclusions and four types of fluid inclusions were identified in beryl IIa, IIb, and associated quartz. The microthermometry results indicated that beryl II is formed at 500 °C–700 °C, and 200 MPa–300 MPa. The Dakalasu No.1 pegmatite melt is enriched in volatiles, such as B, F, and CO₂, evidenced by a large amount of tourmaline in the wall zone, the occurrence of a variety of tiny cryolite (Na₃AlF₆) inclusions, and CO₂-rich fluid inclusions in beryl IIa. The enrichment mechanism of Be may be related to the crystallization of beryl at highly undercooled states of melt, and melt–melt–fluid immiscibility during the evolution and differentiation of the melt.

斑岩型矿床易受后期岩浆、构造、变质等地质作用影响,使得矿床自身发生改造变形。后期的热事件不仅可以将原有矿体再活化,还能够带来新的成矿物质,进而发生新一期成矿作用。不同地质时期的成矿作用在同一空间互相叠加,会形成与斑岩矿床矿化特征截然不同的矿床,称为叠加改造型斑岩矿床。多宝山铜(钼)矿床位于中亚造山带东段,兴蒙造山带内。该矿床在成矿构造地质、矿石组构和成矿期次等方面表现出多期改造与叠加成矿的特征。本次根据野外观察和成矿年代学研究,推测多宝山铜矿至少存在两期成矿作用。对采自矿坑340平台10件叠加矿化类型的辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素分析,获得辉钼矿的模式年龄介于435.6±10.5Ma~446.1±7.1Ma之间,等时线年龄为440.1±4.5Ma (MSWD=0.56)。结合前人获得的年龄资料,确认多宝山叠加成矿与晚奥陶世玄武安山岩应形成于统一的成岩成矿地质事件。不同矿化期次的黄铜矿和黄铁矿原位硫同位素结果显示:典型斑岩型矿脉中黄铜矿δ³⁴S平均值为-2.12‰;叠加矿化黄铜矿δ³⁴S平均值为-1.78‰,黄铁矿δ³⁴S平均值为-1.03‰,均落入幔源硫范围,表明硫主要来自岩浆。而前人在叠加期形成的黄铜矿中,测试到较低的δ³⁴S值(-12.9‰~-5.6‰),这是后期流体易携带轻硫³²S发生迁移并在应力较低的区域内重新沉淀的结果。同位素组成指示叠加成矿期的矿化元素即来源于新的岩浆活动,又继承了先前存在的岩(矿)体。