The development of exoskeletons aimed at enhancing the mobility and autonomy of people with disabilities marks a significant advance toward social and occupational inclusion, fostering greater independence and improved quality of life. However, their implementation poses multidisciplinary challenges, including technical issues, usability, cost, and user acceptance. This article synthesizes the main challenges, recent advancements, and future perspectives identified in scientific literature through a systematic review conducted under the PRISMA^® methodology. Forty-three high-impact publications indexed in SCOPUS, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed were analyzed, showing an almost perfect inter-rater agreement (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.8390). The findings underscore the need to optimize control systems, reduce costs, and improve device adaptability. Artificial intelligence emerges as a key enabler to overcome these limitations, offering more efficient, affordable, and personalized solutions. This work provides an up-to-date overview of the field and outlines future directions for exoskeleton research and development, highlighting their transformative potential in the lives of people with disabilities.

The phytochemical components and antioxidant capacity of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) give it nutritional and bioactive characteristics with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties; it is exported mainly from Brazil to various places worldwide. In Ecuador, the cultivated Euterpe oleracea variety has an abundant production that has not been used or studied in depth; because of this, it is relevant to expand the study of this fruit’s phytochemical and antioxidant properties. This paper presents the results of evaluating the concentration of antioxidants and antioxidant activity in different stages of maturation and geographical locations of the Açaí, for which samples obtained in the Ecuadorian provinces of Sucumbíos and Orellana have been evaluated. Antioxidant concentrations were determined with a UV/VIS spectrophotometer at 450–760 nm wavelengths. Antioxidant capacity was determined using the ABTS and FRAP methods. It was evidenced that the values of total polyphenols and total flavonoids decrease with increasing ripening; the opposite effect occurs with total anthocyanins that have a higher concentration in ripe fruits and evidencing an antioxidant capacity that decreases with ripening determined by both methods (FRAP and ABTS).

Resumo Componentes como açúcares e ácidos clorogênicos, que são acumulados durante a maturação dos grãos de café, possuem importante papel na qualidade da bebidanão somente atribuído a sua alta concentração, mas também às alterações ocorridas nos grãos durante a torração. Os açúcares predominantes nos grãos de café são frutose, glicose e sacarose. Porém, os ácidos clorogênicos podem ser responsáveis pela desvalorização na qualidade da bebida, devido à intensa degradação térmica durante o processamento dos grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a composição química destas duas substâncias durante as etapas pós-colheita em cafés colhidos em diferentes estádios de maturação, pela técnica de Cromatografia Liquída de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). Com relação aos monoisômeros dos ácidos clorogênicos, o teor de 5-acido cafeoilquinico (5-CQA) teve aumento durante o processamento dos grãos, apesar de ter se mantido instável durante as etapas de secagem em terreiro. Os três lotes estudados foram: Lote 1, representado por 90% frutos cereja + 10% frutoscru; Lote 2, frutos 100% cereja; e Lote 3, 85% frutos boia + 10% frutos cereja + 5% frutos cru. Esses lotes diferiram significativamente entre si com relação ao teor de 5-CQA. Com referência ao lote 2, este foi o lote que apresentou a maior concentração de 5-CQA, por outro lado, durante o processo de torração e elaboração da bebida, ocorreu redução no teor de 5-CQA. Os teores dos isômeros 3 e 4 não apresentaram uma tendência definida de aumento ou diminuição durante o processamento. Com relação aos açúcares, uma maior concentração de sacarose foi encontrada no lote 3. Ainda vale ressaltar que o teor de sacarose teve um aumento durante o processamento, enquanto os teores de frutose e glicose teve uma diminuição. Após a torração, os níveis de sacarose, frutose e glicose diminuíram significativamente, e não houvedetectação tanto de glicose quanto de frutose nos grãos torrados. O método escolhido para a determinação dos açúcares e ácidos clorogênicos foi considerado eficiente diante dos resultados obtidos durante a validação dos métodos.

The advancement of digital technologies such as photogrammetry, 3D scanning, Geographic Information Systems (GISs), and artificial intelligence has profoundly transformed archaeology by enabling more accurate documentation, analysis, and visualization of cultural heritage. These tools facilitate evidence preservation, enhance research processes, and broaden the possibilities for interpreting and disseminating archaeological knowledge. This scoping review synthesizes recent progress in the application of digital technologies for the reconstruction of archaeological evidence, emphasizing their main impacts on archaeological research while addressing existing challenges, limitations, and future perspectives, particularly focusing on the integration of artificial intelligence. A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted using the PRISMA^® methodology, analyzing documents retrieved from databases such as Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect. One hundred and sixteen papers were selected, with a Cohen’s Kappa coefficient of 0.463 ensuring the reliability of the selection process. The findings reveal that the integration of digital technologies is redefining archaeological reconstruction methods and expanding the horizons of historical and heritage knowledge, requiring collaborative, ethical, and interdisciplinary approaches to achieve a more accurate, accessible, and sustainable archaeology in the future.

Population ageing is a growing global trend. It was estimated that by 2050, people over 60 years of age will represent 35% of the population in industrialised countries. This context demands strategies that incorporate technologies, such as fall detection systems, to facilitate remote monitoring and the automatic activation of risk alarms, thus improving quality of life. This article presents a scoping review of the leading technological solutions developed over the last decade for detecting falls in older adults, describing their principles of operation, effectiveness, advantages, limitations, and future trends in their development. The review was conducted under the PRISMA^® methodology, including articles indexed in SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, PubMed, IEEE Xplore and Taylor & Francis. There is a predominance in the use of inertial systems that use accelerometers and gyroscopes, valued for their low cost and wide availability. However, those approaches that combine image analysis with artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms show superiority in terms of accuracy and robustness. Similarly, progress has been made in the development of multisensory solutions based on IoT technologies, capable of integrating information from various sources, which optimises decision-making in real time.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) remain a critical occupational health issue for nursing personnel worldwide, resulting from physically demanding tasks such as patient handling and prolonged working hours. These injuries not only compromise nursing staff’s health but also impair their performance, productivity, and overall well-being. This review analyzes the current state of assistive technologies aimed at preventing MSDs in nursing staff, highlighting their effectiveness, implementation challenges, and potential benefits. A systematic selection of the scientific literature from major databases including Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Taylor & Francis, and ProQuest was conducted, complemented by open-access patent records. The screening process, involving two independent reviewers, achieved moderate agreement (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.418). The findings reveal that the most affected anatomical areas include the back, shoulders, and knees. Technological interventions are classified into three main categories: physical assistance devices, digital monitoring tools, and training programs. These integrated approaches offer promising avenues to enhance occupational safety, reduce injury rates, and improve nurses’ quality of life and professional performance.