Technological progress and the development of electronic services make financial services one of the fastest-growing sectors. The role of the current education system is to ensure that all users of an ever-increasing variety of products and services understand them and are able to use them efficiently. However, in terms of gender, socioeconomic, and demographic factors, the existing system of financial literacy education exhibits considerable disparity. The main goal of this research was to identify which factors had the greatest impact on the level of financial literacy and to analyse the magnitude of that impact. The study involved 363 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Žilina, Slovakia, and consisted of two parts—a questionnaire and a test that evaluated the impact of five groups of factors on the level of financial literacy. The research results suggest that the student’s gender, father’s education, family’s financial background, and student’s part-time work experience were among the most important determinants of financial literacy. Identifying these factors can aid in the adjustment of financial literacy education to reduce identified inequalities.

Sustainability of transport systems is a key issue in transport. The main question is whether high levels of road and railway transport in areas along navigable waterways is an effective solution for this issue. The Danube waterway is an example. Generally, it is not observed that traffic performance is not as high as on the Rhine. This paper deals with the revelation of the available capacity of this waterway based on approximation functions and their comparison with real transport performances. This methodology points to the level of use of waterways. The connection of this model with the production of fossil fuels creates a basis for a case study. The case study in this paper offers a possibility for a sustainable and environmentally friendly transition from road transport to inland water transport on the example of specific transport routes. The main contribution of this paper is a presentation of the application of sustainable models of use transport capacity to increase the share of environmentally friendly and sustainable inland water transport. The conclusion based on the case study and materials is that the available capacity of inland water transport on the Danube could support the transition of traffic performances to sustainable and environmentally friendly means of transport.

In the era of digital communication, the rapid spread of information has brought both benefits and challenges. While it has democratized access to knowledge, it has also led to an increase in fake news, with significant societal repercussions. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this issue, resulting in what the World Health Organization has termed an “infodemic." In light of this, developing effective methods for detecting fake news is of paramount importance. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach that integrates knowledge graphs and Named Entity Recognition (NER) based on a biomedical language model to address the challenge of fake news detection. Our method aims to enhance detection accuracy by combining content analysis with entity-level insights. Our approach involves three key components. First, content analysis uses a contextual language model to capture the semantic context of the content, enabling the extraction of meaningful insights essential for identifying fake news. Second, the NER component, built on a biomedical language model, precisely identifies and categorizes entities within the content, offering a deeper understanding crucial for detecting misinformation in the biomedical domain. Finally, entity integration employs knowledge graph embeddings to transform identified entities into a format that facilitates enhanced processing and detection. By blending these components, our method creates a unified representation of the content, incorporating both semantic context and entity-based insights. This comprehensive approach significantly improves the accuracy of fake news detection. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of this method, particularly in the early identification of false information. The results underscore the potential of our approach as a powerful tool in combating misinformation, particularly in critical areas such as public health.

The non-profit sector plays an important role in the American and European continents, as non-profit organizations support the development of civil society and help people in need. However, most non-profit organizations (NPO) are financially dependent on various donors from the private sector. Nowadays, non-profit organizations focus on improving their non-profit financial management. This research aims to assess the financial status of Slovak non-profit organizations, using binary logistic regression. The initial sample includes 351 Slovak NPOs, which are divided into a training and test sub-sample. The data were obtained from Amadeus, FinStat, the Ministry of Finance of the Slovak Republic, and the Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic. The logit model shows that the significant variables are equity ratio, debt ratio, operating margin, and type of NPO using the statistical–analytical program IBM SPSS 25. The model also implies that non-profit organizations should focus on the revenue structure and revenues from the sale of products. The prediction model correctly classifies 97.03% of NPOs in the training sub-sample and 96.61% of NPOs in the test sub-sample. Moreover, more than 70% of vulnerable NPOs are correctly classified.

Financial literacy, specifically its measurement and education in this field, is a very current topic. The main aim of this research was to find out whether secondary school education had a positive impact on the level of student’s financial literacy and to identify other important factors that affected its level. All 363 first-year bachelor's students of the Faculty of Operations and Economic of Transport and Communications (FPEDAS), University of Zilina, Slovakia, took part in the research. The research consisted of two parts – a questionnaire and a test. The questionnaire focused on demographic, educational, and socio-economic factors influencing students' financial literacy. The test included items aimed at finding out whether students could correctly define selected concepts of the financial area, whether they understood these concepts, and were able to analyze them. The most important finding of the research was that the number of lessons dedicated to mathematics and financial literacy in secondary school did not have a statistically significant impact on the level of student’s financial literacy. On the contrary, the level of financial literacy was correlated with the overall performance of the student at the secondary school and the type of secondary school the student attended. The research also aimed to verify the hypothesis that the student's study program affected the level of his or her financial literacy. It turns out that increasing the number of mathematics or financial literacy lessons is not sufficient to improve financial literacy levels, but more important is teacher education, the content and form of the education and the effectiveness of the teaching process. Keywords: financial literacy, secondary education, bachelor study program, tobit regression model

This paper delves into regional airport system economics in Central Europe, with a particular focus on Slovakia, Czechia, Poland, Hungary, and Croatia. This research aimed to identify key indicators that shape optimal business models for regional airport systems by analyzing data from 24 airports between 2016 and 2019. Through cluster analysis, airports were categorized based on performance metrics, economic indicators, and ownership structures. The findings reveal distinct groupings among regional airports and shed light on critical factors influencing their operational and financial dynamics. By offering insights into the relationships between airport system characteristics and business model effectiveness, this paper aimed to provide valuable guidance for stakeholders, policymakers, and airport management teams. It facilitates informed decision-making and strategic planning for sustainable aviation infrastructure development in the region.