Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2000-2019 dönemi için G-7 ülkelerinde (Almanya, ABD, Birleşik Krallık, İtalya, Fransa, Japonya ve Kanada) dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik analizi ile incelemektir. Tasarım/Yöntem: Çalışmanın yönteminde, Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) tarafından geliştirilen panel nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda G-7 ülkelerinde dış göçten karbon emisyonuna, ekonomik büyümeden karbon emisyonuna ve ekonomik büyümeden dış göçe doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik tespit edilmiştir. Sınırlılıklar: Örneklemin yalnızca G-7 ülkelerinden oluşması ve dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme olmak üzere üç değişken kullanılması araştırmanın sınırlılıklarını oluşturmaktadır. Özgünlük/Değer: Literatürde dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin çok az sayıda araştırmaya konu olması bu araştırmanın ortaya çıkmasında ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Araştırmanın G-7 ülkelerinde dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi doğrudan ele alması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu noktada araştırmanın literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Green agriculture, focusing on ecologically responsible and sustainable methods, is essential to ensure food security while mitigating the negative ecological impacts. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines green and climate-resilient agriculture as practices enhancing productivity in a sustainable manner, increasing resilience, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and ensuring higher incomes for small-scale producers. This paper explores the concept of "Green Solutions" in agriculture, emphasizing environmental sustainability and the preservation of biodiversity, while addressing food security and population growth. Sustainable agriculture is a cornerstone in this pursuit, conserving natural resources and fulfilling the needs of current and future generations. It employs techniques that mimic nature to maintain soil fertility, prevent water pollution, and safeguard biodiversity. Sustainable agriculture practices include polyculture, soil-conserving tillage, natural pest control, natural fertilization, efficient water management, and the preservation of agricultural biodiversity. Moreover, it seeks to ensure the economic sustainability of farmers. In Türkiye, climate change has significantly affected agriculture, leading to challenges such as drought, flooding, erosion, soil salinization, and plant diseases. Sustainable agriculture plays a pivotal role in addressing these challenges. The environmental policies of Türkiye are also discussed in depth in this study. These policies are carefully adjusted to comply with international decisions, legal guidelines, and plans for economic development. To ensure that environmental preservation and economic growth may coexist peacefully in the Turkish agricultural sector, it is crucial to evaluate the economic implications and sustainability of these policies. This study's main objective is to evaluate how well sustainable agricultural methods may be used to lessen the effects of climate change on Turkish agriculture. It aims to examine the interactions between Türkiye's environmental policies and economic development plans while taking into consideration important economic indicators and worldwide choices and legal laws. This study uses a thorough research methodology that combines economic modeling, policy analysis, and literature reviews. It studies the results of sustainable agricultural practices, assesses Türkiye's environmental regulations, and evaluates the impact of economic indicators on the climatic resilience of the agricultural sector. According to the study, sustainable agricultural methods like polyculture, soil-conserving tillage, and effective water management greatly help Turkish agriculture reduce the effects of climate change. Türkiye's ecologically responsible measures, when in accordance with the law, show a favorable effect on environmental preservation and economic growth. Economic data also reveal how economically viable various ideas are. The study is anticipated to conclude that climate resilience in the Turkish agricultural sector can be greatly increased through sustainable agriculture, which is supported by policies and economic indicators that are ecologically conscious. This study offers insights and suggestions for a more sustainable agricultural landscape in Türkiye, contributing to the continuing discussion on the cohabitation of environmental preservation and economic development.

Motivation: Humanity has benefited from natural resources in production activities throughout history and this pressure on natural resources has increased even more with the efforts of industrialization. In this process, people benefited heavily from fossil fuels in their production and distribution activities, thereby damaging the environment and the atmosphere to a large extent. With the destruction of the environment, it has become important for the countries and the academic circles to measure environmental damage with the increase of economic activities in order to take various measures. Aim: At this point, in this study, the relationship between economic growth and carbon-dioxide emissions was examined within the scope of 50 countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). In this process, annual data of the countries concerned between 1995 and 2017 were used; Pedroni Cointegration Analysis, Granger Causality Analysis, Pooled Mean Group Estimator (PMGE) and Mean Group Estimator (MGE) methods were used to measure and estimate the relationship between these two variables. The causality analysis shows that the economic growth is the Granger cause of carbon-dioxide emissions in the country group studied. In addition, the coefficients obtained in PMGE and MGE analyzes were found as 0.43 and 0.33 and were statistically significant and positive. Then, with the help of Hausman Homogeneity Test, it was decided between the two estimators, and it concluded that PMGE Estimator is the more reliable estimator. Results: The results obtained with the PMGE estimator indicate that the 1% increase in economic growth increased carbon dioxide emission by 0.43%.

Agriculture contributes to and is a cause of climate change, but it is also a component of the solution. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and aid in the storage of carbon, agricultural practices must be modified. Ecosystems that are controlled by agriculture are also vital socio-economic issue for humanbeing. It is crucial to consider human response in order to appreciate and quantify the effects of climate change on agriculture and food supply in this regard. All in all, Agricultural systems are dynamic, and producers and consumers must constantly adapt to changes in crop and livestock yields, food prices, input costs, resource availability, and technological innovation. Within this perspective, research on the physical and financial impacts of climate change on agriculture around the world has been included in this survey study with as possible as chronological order of international reconciliation.

This chapter explores the intersection of ecological thought and economics, examining the evolution of ecological economics and its potential implications for economic theory and policy. Ecological economics offers a more comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing the relationship between the natural environment and economic systems. Key concepts, such as externalities, natural capital, and ecosystem services, are discussed, as well as challenges to incorporating ecological considerations into economic decision-making. By promoting more sustainable and just economic systems that prioritize environmental sustainability and social equity, ecological economics can inform and transform economic policy and governance.

The handicraft sector in Rajapolah, Tasikmalaya, faced significant challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, impacting the economic resilience of micro, small, and medium enterprises. This study aims to evaluate how internal marketing practices, integrated with the Hexahelix model involving academia, business, community, government, media, and investors, enhance the development of these enterprises in a regional context. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis from nine handicraft enterprises in Rajapolah. The findings reveal that academia, business, community, government, and media significantly contribute to internal marketing by supporting employee training, digital promotion, and market access, whereas investor engagement remains limited due to perceived risks. Effective stakeholder collaboration, particularly through digitalization and local exhibitions, improves product quality and brand visibility. This study concludes that integrating internal marketing with the Hexahelix model fosters sustainable development for handicraft enterprises, though strategies to engage investors are needed to ensure scalability.