To investigate the burden of untreated dental caries in 204 countries and territories over 30 years. Data of untreated dental caries from 1990 to 2019, including the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability, were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. Estimated annual percentage changes were calculated to assess the changes in the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability rates. Globally, in 2019, there were 3.09 billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 2.76–3.39 billion) new cases of untreated dental caries in permanent teeth (48.00% increase), 2.03 billion (1.77–2.33) prevalent cases (46.07% increase), and 2.00 million (0.93–3.88) YLDs (45.64% increase), all since 1990. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of untreated dental caries in permanent teeth showed an upward trend (estimated annual percentage changes [EAPC] = 0.01), but age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) (EAPC = −0.13) and age-standardized YLD rate (ASYR) (EAPC = −0.13) decreased. There were 1.15 billion (0.79–1.52) new cases of untreated dental caries in deciduous teeth (11.74% increase), 0.52 billion (0.41–0.63) prevalent cases (5.89% increase), and 0.20 million (0.09–0.43) YLDs (6.03% increase), all since 1990. From 1990 to 2019, the ASIR of untreated dental caries in permanent teeth showed a stable trend (EAPC = 0), but the ASPR (EAPC = −0.15) and ASYR (EAPC = −0.14) decreased. The incidence of untreated dental caries peaked at the ages of 5–9 and 20–24 years, and the prevalence and years lived with disability at 1–4, 20–24, and 60–64 years. Untreated dental caries remains a major global public health challenge, but demographic, sex, and regional differences in trends remain. Proactive intervention strategies, at both administrative and academic levels, based on dynamic changes, are needed.

Objectives Socioeconomic inequalities in oral health are often neglected in oral health promotion. This cross-sectional study assessed the association between dental caries and socioeconomic status (SES) among preschool children in China. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Data from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China (2015), comprising of 40 360 children aged 3–5 years was used. Methods Dental caries indicators including prevalence of dental caries, dental pain experience and number of decayed, missing and filling teeth (dmft). SES indicators included parental education and household income. The associations between SES and dental caries were analysed by using negative binomial regression or Poisson regression models according to data distribution. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were quantified by using the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and Slope Index of Inequality (SII), respectively. Results There were significant associations between SES and prevalence of dental caries and dmft (p<0.001). Children from lower educated (RII 1.36, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.43; SII 0.97, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.13) and lower household income (RII 1.17, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.24; SII 0.55, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.75) families had higher dmft than those from well-educated and most affluent families. Relative and absolute inequalities in dental caries were larger in urban areas by household income, and in rural areas by parental education. Conclusions Association between dental caries and SES was demonstrated and socioeconomic inequalities in dental caries existed among Chinese preschool children.

Background: To investigate secular trends in edentulism incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) rates in Chinese men and women from 1990 to 2019.Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The annual percentage change and average annual percentage change were calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. The age-period-cohort (APC) analysis estimated the independent age, period, and cohort effects.Results: From 1990 to 2019, the crude incidence, prevalence, and YLDs of edentulism in the Chinese population increased year by year, while the age-standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLDs decreased, and the latter was higher in women than in men. The APC analysis showed that the age effect increased in men and women from age 20 to 74 and decreased thereafter. The risk of tooth loss increased with age. However, the relationship was not linear. The temporal effect showed a gradual increase; the risk of missing teeth gradually increased with the changing modern living environment. The cohort effect showed a single decreasing trend, with the early birth cohort having a higher risk of tooth loss than the later birth cohort population. The age, period, and cohort effects were consistent for both sexes.Conclusion: Although the standardized incidence, prevalence, and YLD rate and cohort effect of dentition loss in China are declining, they are still causing a severe burden to China due to the continued aging of the population and the rising period effect. Despite the decreasing trends of the standardized incidence and prevalence of dentition loss and the rate of YLDs, China should develop more effective oral disease prevention and control strategies to reduce the increasing burden of edentulism in the older adult, especially in older women.

Purpose: This study was based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database and aimed to analyze the trend of disease burden for complete edentulism in Chinese adults between 1990 and 2030, and to provide valuable information for the development of more effective management and preventive measures.Methods: Data on Chinese adults with complete edentulism from 1990 to 2019 was analyzed using GHDx data. Descriptive analyses were used to analyze changes in the prevalence and burden of complete edentulism, gender and age distribution between 1990 and 2019. In addition, we used an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to predict the trend of disease burden for Chinese adults with complete edentulism between 2020 and 2030.Results: The incidence, prevalence, and rate of YLDs in adults with complete edentulism in China showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, the incidence was 251.20 per 100,000, the prevalence was 4512.78 per 100,000, and the YLDs were 123.44 per 100,000, marking increases of 20.58, 94.18, and 93.12% from 1990. Males experienced a higher increase than females. However, the standardized rates decreased over the same period. The ARIMA model predicts a subsequent upward and then downward trend for all indicators between 2019 and 2030, except for the standardized incidence rate which remained essentially unchanged. Specifically, the incidence is predicted to decrease from 388.93 to 314.40 per 100,000, prevalence from 4512.78 to 3049.70 per 100,000, and YLDs from 123.44 to 103.44 per 100,000. The standardized prevalence and YLDs rates are also expected to decrease.Conclusion: The burden of complete edentulism in China is projected to show an increasing trend from 2020 to 2022 and a decreasing trend from 2023 to 2030. Despite the decline in the burden of disease associated with complete edentulism in China, many problems remain to be solved.

We studied the association between the socioeconomic status (SES), tooth loss, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in an adult cohort in western China. As socioeconomic inequalities in oral health are often neglected in oral health promotion. we aimed to verify the impact of SES on tooth loss and OHRQoL. In all, 348 participants aged 60 years and older were selected for this study. Relationships amongst SES, tooth loss, and OHRQoL were identified by using a structural equation model (SEM). In the final sample, 312 people were included, and the response rate was 89.7%. The bias-corrected 95% confidence intervals of the total, direct, and indirect effects were (-0.267 to 0.475), (-0.489 to 0.185), and (0.088 to 0.450), respectively. The comparative fit index of SEM was 0.943. The model showed that their SES directly affected tooth loss in the elderly population. This indirectly affects their oral health-related quality of life. The numbers of natural teeth and occlusal units (with standardised path coefficients of 0.79 and 0.74, respectively) were found to be the most significant factors relating to tooth loss. SES affected the oral health-related quality of life in elderly people through tooth loss in a Chinese study population. Our data suggest that improvements in the social and economic environments are a primary measure that should be implmented to prevent tooth loss and improve the OHRQoL.