Natural products, either as pure compounds or as standardized plant extracts, provide extensive opportunities for new drug leads because of the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. In contrast to modern medicines, herbal medicines are frequently used to treat chronic diseases. Standardization guarantees the content of one or more active constituents and marker compounds. The plant environment and genetic factors could significantly affect the biochemical components of the plant extract, in which plants are still the most abundant and cost-effective resource for drug innovation. Production of botanical drugs requires genetically uniform monocultures of the source plant in fully standardized conditions, to assure the biochemical consistency and to optimize the safety and efficacy of every crop. The present review article illustrates about the methods for standardization of herbal medicine and how the goal of preparing herbal medicines of consistent quality and effects can be achieved.

Background: Ananas comosus belongs to the family Bromeliaceae and commonly known as pineapple, anannas and anannaasa. Objective: The present review gives detailed information about synonyms, geographical distribution, taxonomical classification, cultivation, pharmacognostical and phytochemical profile as well as about therapeutic potential of Ananas comosus. Methods: For the preparation of manuscript, all the information was collected from scientific engines and databases (Web of Science, Scifinder, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis online) using different keywords. Result: Recent studies of A.comosus are based on traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacology. The nutritional properties of the fruit are well known. The fruit contains various biological active phytoconstituents such as polyphenol compounds, volatile compound and carotenoids etc. which are therapeutically active. A.comosus is used for digestive issues, inflammation, in sea sickness and in a sore throat. Different studies on A.comosus have been conducted due to ethanopharmacological profile. It possesses antimalarial, antidiabetic, abortifacient, anticancer, antioxidant and antidiarrhoeal activity etc. Finally Industrial applications and ongoing clinical trials on pineapple are also summarized. Conclusion: This review would assist researchers in formulating a therapeutically active herbal remedy.

Background: The purpose of the current study is to describe the technological, functional, and regulatory aspects of 3D printing. It also discusses the challenges and future aspects of 3D printing. The process of digital fabrication, commonly known as 3D printing or additive manufacturing, involves gradually adding materials to a geometric representation to produce actual items. In the fields of agriculture, healthcare, industries, 3D printing is being used more and more for mass modification and manufacture of any kinds of open source design. In tissue engineering, 3D printing is a crucial tool for creating intricate frameworks using biocompatible materials, cells, and supporting elements. Methods: With the use of the keywords 3D printing, Stereolithography, Fused deposition modelling, tissue scaffolds, and regulatory considerations, searches were conducted in the databases Pubmed, Medline, and Google Scholar. Studies that included technological, functional, and future factors were found and given more consideration. Results: This review covered every class of 3D printing and their relative importance. Tissue engineering and tissue scaffolds have been thoroughly addressed in relation to applications of 3D technology to define the use of 3D printing. The regulatory elements of 3D printing have also been discussed, along with the challenges and potential outcomes. Conclusion: The technological, functional, and regulatory implications of 3D printing were discussed in the current study. Graphical