Günümüzde değişen iklim şartlarına adapte olabilecek potansiyele sahip olan yabani rokanın (D. tenuifolia (L.) DC), sebze, tıbbi bitki, yağ bitkisi, yem bitkisi olarak kullanımı söz konusudur. Ayrıca sahip olduğu bitkisel özellikleri ile su erozyonu olan bölgelerde hızlı bitki örtüsü geliştirerek toprak ve su korumasında faydalanabileceğimiz bitki türlerindendir. Hızla değişen iklim şartlarında, sürdürülebilir bir tarımı sağlayabilecek bitkilerin ıslahının daha kısa sürede yapılabilmesi için verim ile arasında ilişki bulunan özelliklerin tespit edilmesi gerekir. Bu sebeple, bu çalışmada 2015-2016 yıllarında Konya şartlarında Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak üç farklı sıra arlığında yabani roka yem bitkisi olarak kullanım amacıyla yetiştirilmiştir. Araştırmamızda, farklı sıra aralığında yetiştirilen bitkilerin 2016 yılındaki ham protein oranı, verimi ve protein verimi ile bitkisel özellikler ve besin elementleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada bitki başına en yüksek protein verimi, 30 ve 40 cm sıra aralığından sırasıyla 1.82 g ve 1.96 g olup istatistiki olarak bu değerler aynı grupta yer almaktadır. Araştırmada en yüksek protein verimi 30 cm sıra aralığında 404.42 kg ha-1 elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmada incelenen özellikler arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamak amacıyla yapılan path model sonucuna göre, farklı sıra aralığında yetiştirilen yabani rokaların bitki başına protein verimi, protein verimi varyasyonun % 37’si tek başına açıklamaktadır. Dahası, bitki başına yem verimi, bitki boyu ve ham protein oranı birlikte bitki başına protein verimi varyasyonun % 97.6’sını açıklamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, yüksek protein verimine sahip kaba yem elde etmek amacıyla yapılacak yetiştiriciliklerde 30 cm ve 40 cm sıra aralığı tavsiye edilebilir. Bununla birlikte, yem bitkisi amacı ile geliştirilecek tiplerin seçiminde ise kriter olarak bitki başına yem verimi, bitki boyu, kanopi çapı ve ham protein oranı özellikleri üzerinde durulması gerektiğini ifade edebiliriz.

Forage kochia is a semi-shrub forage plant tolerant to drought, cold and soil salinity. In addition to being a quality feed source for livestock, with its ability to remain green in the dry feed period when other fodder plants dry up, it also offers the opportunity to fight wildfire during this season. Despite these advantages of forage kochia, the fact that it loses its seed viability in a brief time causes the restriction of the cultivation of this plant. For this reason, the seeds of three different forage kochia genotypes (C1, C2, M5) harvested in November 2018 and stored under room conditions were periodically sown at five different periods; the day after harvest, 4th months, 7th months, 10th months, and 13th months after harvest in greenhouse conditions. The study's first objective was to determine the genotype with the most prolonged viable period of seed viability. At this study stage, the M5 genotype, sown 10th months after harvest, was recorded as the highest value with a 35.7% emergence ratio. The survey also obtained C1 and M5 genotypes that retained seed viability one year after harvest. In the second phase of the study, plants showing emergence were planted in the field conditions in November 2020, and plant height, canopy diameter, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, leaf color, and hairiness of the plants were examined throughout 2021 and 2022. When the averages of the two-year data were analyzed, it was determined that genotype C1 had the highest plant height with 105 cm when sown 13th months after harvest. Although the genotype M5, which was also sown in this period, had the shortest plant height with a plant height of 42.5 cm, it can be stated that this genotype also had the darkest leaf color (Scoring 7.25; 1: Red-Grey, 3: Grayish Green, 5: Bluish Green, 7: Green, 9: Dark Green). As a result of the study, it can be stated that C1 and M5 genotypes, which were sown 13th months after harvest, stand out from the other genotypes in terms of their long seed viability period and morphological characteristics for use as a gene resource in forage kochia breeding.

The increasing drought caused by climate change makes it difficult for rural areas reliant on pasture-based livestock farming to sustain their agricultural practices. Blackberries, a spreading species, have been selected as the material for this study due to their perennial shrub nature and their tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. Türkiye, the gene center for blackberries, is part of the Mediterranean belt and is located at the intersection of three flora regions—Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Irano-Turanian. This study aims to determine the forage value of the Rubus species and other shrub/tree species (Quercus, Pistacia, and Rosa) collected and identified from these flora regions. Furthermore, a linear regression analysis established a relationship between the forage values and the SPEI, a drought index, considering the combined effects of rainfall and temperature in the collection regions. Among the Rubus species, the highest organic matter content (887.8 g kg⁻¹) was obtained from R. pruinosus. In comparison, the highest protein content (240.1 g kg⁻¹) was found in cultivated blackberries in the Euro-Siberian flora region. P. lentiscus had the highest Ca content (14.4 g kg⁻¹) and offered feed at the “Prime” level with 154 of RFV. The SPEI explained 87% of the variation in fructan, 89% in Mg, and 92% in ADF. Due to the perennial nature of the species studied, a strong relationship was found between their growth and forage values over a 48-month time scale using the SPEI. Consequently, the equations related to ADF, Mg, and fructan content obtained in this study can be recommended for woody species.

Peas, the fourth most produced legume globally, suffer from yield losses due to diseases. Developing disease-tolerant varieties can contribute to sustainable agriculture by meeting the protein needs through pea cultivation. For this reason, 24 pea lines, advanced to the F4 generation through hybridization and single-seed descent selection, along with 6 control varieties, were evaluated in 2016 under field conditions in Konya using an Augmented Experimental Design with three replications. Among the genotypes, the highest number of pods per plant (11.35 pods) was observed in the line coded as G1 (10-1). The line coded as G11 (12-1) demonstrated the highest seed yield (229.93 kg da⁻¹). Additionally, plants exhibiting natural symptoms of viral infection and powdery mildew under field conditions were scored as 1 (diseased), while those without symptoms were scored as 3 (healthy). To evaluate the tolerance of genotypes under these biotic stress conditions, a path analysis was conducted. The path model revealed that plant height, pod width, and pod height were associated with the presence of viral and powdery mildew pathogens. Furthermore, a cluster analysis based on these five traits grouped the 24 lines and 6 control varieties into four clusters. In the first group, comprising susceptible genotypes, G11 (12-1) and G9 (4) emerged as the most tolerant lines. The second group included genotypes tolerant to both pathogens, with G10 (208) standing out. The third group consisted of genotypes tolerant to powdery mildew, with G1 (10-1), G2 (15), and G18 (10-1 Ozel S) being prominent. The fourth and final group, composed of the most tolerant genotypes, identified G12 (10-1 Ozel) as the most productive type. Based on the findings, we conclude that these eight genotypes, characterized by high tolerance to diseases and superior seed yield, hold potential as genetic resources for developing high-yielding, disease-resistant pea varieties.