Environmental noise is a major environmental concern in metropolitan cities. The rapid social and economic growth in the 20th century is not always accompanied by adequate land planning and environmental management measures. As a consequence of rapid urbanization processes, cities are facing an increase in noise pollution. Noise is being recognized as a serious environmental problem and one which must be accounted for in a sustained development policy designed to improve the quality of life for citizens. Therefore, the monitoring of noise is a crucial aspect of urban planning to allow urban planners to create harmonious and livable environments for communities worldwide. This research aims at assessing the noise levels and associated sources of noise in downtown areas through the involvement of crowdsourcing techniques. The incorporation of noise mapping and increased public awareness are achieved by a framework that enables a comparative scheme between two cities: Alexandria, Egypt and Zagreb, Croatia. The methodology depends on combining crowdsourcing techniques using mobile applications and geographic information system (GIS) tools to detect and analyze noise. Finally, this research provides a comparison between the two cities using the adopted methodology and introduces recommendations to enhance urban planning decisions.

This study examines the understanding of tourist maps in Croatian national parks, emphasizing a user-centered approach to enhancing cartographic design, the tourist experience, and map readability. Although tourist maps are widely used, there is limited research evaluating these cartographic products, particularly in terms of their comprehensibility and effectiveness in communicating spatial information. To address this gap, we examined existing cartographic materials published by Croatian national park authorities in line with recognized cartographic standards. An online questionnaire, completed by 132 participants of varying ages and educational backgrounds, was used to evaluate the understanding of Point of Interest (POI) pictograms. The results obtained within both gap analysis and needs assessment underscore the need for user-centered improvements in cartographic communication and provide a foundation for the development of more effective map designs tailored to user needs.

Precise drilling and excavation in future Lunar mining sites as well as in building habitats areas will be supported by robotized instrumentation. To ensure accurate positioning of facilities or structures, customized surveying instruments will be used to perform measurements needed for calculating locations of surveyed objects. Precise positioning in unexplored areas is difficult, even on the Earth, with all available support. This issue becomes even more complex on the Moon’s surface, considering environmental conditions and the absence of Earth logistics. This paper solves a problem of centimeter-precision positioning on the Moon’s surface. The solution is called Lunar Regional Navigation Transceiver System (LRNTS). It is based on a network of transceiver facilities, holding onboard both navigation transmitters and receivers. Transmitting modules of LRNTS act in the same way as the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) space segment, sending navigation messages to the receivers. Receiving modules are needed for self-calibration of LRNTS to calculate their coordinates. In this paper, 12 different LRNTS-simulated configuration setups within Shackleton Crater are tested against positioning accuracy and visibility along the crater. The results show that LRNTS of nine transceivers can achieve sub-centimeter horizontal and better than 2 cm vertical accuracy, with consistent visibility of six and more transceivers throughout the Shackleton Crater.

UDC: 627.7 DOI: 10.14438/gn.2014.22 typology: 1.02 submitted: 2014-11-04, accepted: 2014-11-24, published: 2015-02-28Determination of total electron content in the ionosphere using GPS technologyMiloš Marković1*1University College of Applied Sciences for Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Serbia