The presence of vanadium, as an alloying element, has various effects on the properties of cast irons. In this research, the effects of adding different amounts of vanadium, including 0,...

Magnesium (Mg) alloys have received significant attention in various fields of applications due to their low density, high specific strength, good machinability, and damping properties. In this study, Mg_95-xSn₅Ti_x(x = 0, 0.15, 0.75, 1.5 wt.%) alloys were produced through casting and hot extrusion; the effect of Ti content was investigated on microstructure and mechanical properties using microscopical analysis, x-ray diffraction, tensile, compaction, and Vickers hardness tests. The obtained results indicated that the presence of Ti leads to sensible grain refinement and a decrease in dendrite arm spacing (DAS). Ti content of 0.15 wt.% caused a fine and homogenous distribution of Mg₂Sn phases. The results showed with an increase in Ti content up to 0.75 wt.%, the lotgering factor (LF) of (002) plane decreased, indicating reduced texturing. The sample with 0.75 wt.% showed the greatest ultimate tensile strength (296 ± 6 MPa), and the sample with 1.5 wt.% Ti resulted in the highest ultimate compression strength (479 ± 13 MPa).

As magnesium and its alloys are almost 35% lighter than aluminum alloys, they are ideal candidates for automotive and aerospace industries. In this research, multipass friction stir processing (FSP) was used to produce Mg-based surface nanocomposite with SiO₂ particles. Microstructure features such as grain size and particle distribution were investigated. The reactions between magnesium and nanoparticles and the relation between microstructure and hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion behaviour were also studies. The mean grain size of the composite after four passes reduced by 82%, its hardness increased by 29%, and its wear resistance increased more than 34.6% compared with Mg-base alloy. Furthermore, this composite had the best corrosion resistance as a result of fine grain size.