The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to verify the association between participation in sports (PS) in childhood and adolescence and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: Medline (PUBMED), Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus, LILACS and SciELO. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA FlowDiagram. After all the steps of the process, 29 articles were included for analysis. In general, only three of the studies analyzed found no relation between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood. However, a positive relationship was found to be weak in only 7% of the studies, a moderate relation in 62% of the studies, and a strong relation in 21%. It was found that higher weekly frequencies of PS; persistence of at least three years of PS and, finally, the highest level of practice and/or competition reached were related to higher levels of PA in adulthood. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive association considered moderate to strong between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood.

To analyze the validity of methods to assess body fat in children and adolescents using a systematic review. The search was conducted by two independent researchers using the MEDLINE, BioMed Central, SciELO and LILACS electronic databases. For inclusion, the articles should be written in English or Portuguese, and must have used multi-compartment models as the criterion measure of the model, with body fat measurement of whole body in non-athlete children and adolescents. A preliminary search resulted in 832 studies. After all selection steps were performed, 12 articles were included. The selected studies were published between 1997 and 2010, whose samples consisted of children and adolescents with levels of relative body fat ranging from 20.7% to 41.4%. The methods used were: dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (58.3%), isotope dilution (41.6%), skinfold thickness (33.3%), hydrostatic weighing (25%), bioelectrical impedance analysis (25%), air displacement plethysmography (16.6%), and total body electrical conductivity (8.3%). Based on the analysis of the studies, isotope dilution and air displacement plethysmography methods were the most reliable, despite the limited number of studies. As for clinical use or for population-based studies, the equation of Slaughter et al. (1998), which uses the triceps and subscapular skinfolds thickness, showed the best results for assessment of body fat in this population.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) status and physical performance in Brazilian children. The analyzed sample was composed of 978 children of both sexes (518 boys and 460 girls), aged 7 to 11 years. BMI and skinfolds were measured, and three motor tests were applied (flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength/endurance). In both sexes, overweight/obese children presented poor performance in all motor tests, except flexibility. In general, overweight/obese children have an increased odds ratio (OR) to present poor physical performance (boys: OR = 3.64 for cardiorespiratory fitness, OR = 1.94 for muscular strength/endurance, OR = 1.52 for flexibility; girls: OR = 5.03 for cardiorespiratory fitness and OR = 2.62 for muscular strength/endurance). In conclusion, for both sexes, a poor physical performance in the tests measuring cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength/ endurance was associated with the presence of overweight/obesity.

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência das barreiras percebidas à prática de atividade física no lazer de adolescentes, bem como analisar a possível associação das mesmas com a inatividade física no lazer. Este estudo transversal foi conduzido em 2011 e selecionou, por meio de múltiplos estágios, uma amostra representativa de 1.409 estudantes do ensino médio de escolas públicas do município de Londrina/PR. Os adolescentes responderam um questionário para coleta de dados. A relação entre inatividade física no lazer (< 300 minutos/semana) e barreiras percebidas foi analisada mediante o cálculo da razão de prevalência (RP) em modelos de regressão de Poisson. “Falta de companhia” foi a barreira mais prevalente para moças (75,8%) e rapazes (58,7%). “Preguiça” para as moças (RP: 1,21; IC95%: 1,08-1,36) e “preferência por outras atividades” para os rapazes (RP: 1,48; IC95%: 1,01-2,15), foram as barreiras mais fortemente associadas à inatividade física no lazer. Para ambos os gêneros, foi observada forte relação de dose-resposta entre número de barreiras percebidas e inatividade física no lazer. A percepção de barreiras foi associada à maior prevalência de inatividade física no lazer em adolescentes e deve, portanto, ser considerada em ações de promoção de atividade física nessa população.

RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura para verificar a validade dos testes de campo para avaliação da aptidão cardiorrespiratória (ACR) em crianças e adolescentes. Fontes de dados: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados: Medline (PUBMED), SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, além das bases latino-americanas LILACS e SciELO. A busca compreendeu todo o período de existência das bases até fevereiro de 2015, em idioma inglês e português. Todas as etapas do processo foram previstas de acordo com o PRISMA. Síntese dos dados: Após verificação dos critérios de inclusão, elegibilidade e qualidade dos estudos, 43 trabalhos foram analisados na íntegra, sendo obtidos 38 por meio da busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas e cinco por meio de biblioteca particular e referências de outros artigos. Do total dos artigos, apenas 13 foram considerados de alta qualidade segundo os critérios adotados. O teste mais investigado na literatura foi o shuttle run de 20 metros (SR-20 m), contabilizando 23 trabalhos, seguido pelos testes de distâncias entre 550 metros e 1 milha com 9 estudos, os testes com tempos de 6, 9 e 12 minutos também com 9 estudos e, por fim, os protocolos de banco e novas propostas de teste representados por 7 trabalhos. Conclusões: O teste SR-20 m parece ser o mais apropriado para avaliação da ACR de jovens, com a equação de Barnett, recomendada para estimativa do VO2pico. Como segunda alternativa para avaliação da ACR, indica-se o teste de 1 milha e, a equação proposta por Cureton, para estimativa do VO2pico.

Journal of Medical Internet Research - International Scientific Journal for Medical Research, Information and Communication on the Internet #Preprint #PeerReviewMe: Warning: This is a unreviewed preprint. Readers are warned that the document has not been peer-reviewed by expert/patient reviewers or an academic editor, may contain misleading claims, and is likely to undergo changes before final publication, if accepted, or may have been rejected/withdrawn. Readers with interest and expertise are encouraged to sign up as peer-reviewer, if the paper is within an open peer-review period. Please cite this preprint only for review purposes or for grant applications and CVs (if you are the author). Background: The use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to measure sedentary behavior (SB) in children, adolescents and adults can increase understanding of the role of context of SB on health outcomes. Objective: The aim of the present study was to systematically review the literature to describe EMA methodology used in studies on SB in youth and adults, verify how many studies adhere to the Methods aspect of the Checklist for Reporting EMA Studies (CREMAS), and detail measures used to assess SB and this associated context. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PUBMED, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases, covering the entire period of existence of the databases until January 2018. Results: This review presented information about the characteristics and methodology used in 21 articles which utilized EMA to measure SB in youth and adults. There were more studies conducted among youth compared to adults, and studies of youth included more waves and more participants (n=696) than studies with adults (n=97). Most studies (85.7%) adhered to the Methods aspect of the CREMAS Checklist. The main criteria used to measure SB in EMA was self-report (81%) with only 19% measuring SB using objective methods (e.g., accelerometer). The main equipment to collect objective SB was the ActiGraph, and the cut-off point to define SB was <100 counts.min-1. Studies most commonly used a 15-minute window to compare EMA and accelerometer data. Conclusions: The majority of studies in this review met minimum CREMAS Checklist criteria for studies conducted with EMA. Most studies measured SB with EMA self-report (n=17; 81,0%), and a few studies also used objective methods (n=4; 19%). The standardization of the 15-minute window criteria to compare EMA and accelerometer data would lead to a comparison between these and new studies. New studies using EMA with mobile phones should be conducted as they can be considered a valid alternative for capturing information about the specific context of SB activities of young people and adults, in real time, or very close to it.