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The international outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 infection has put pressure on governments to find immediate solutions to the shortage of surgical masks and other protective equipment. To allow textile manufacturers producing surgical masks to avoid usual restrictions imposed on personal-protective-equipment producers, the Italian government issued a ministerial decree that was followed by technical guidelines provided by several universities. Starting from a hypothetical composition and design, we calculated the carbon footprint of surgical masks manufactured following technical guidelines, with the city of Taranto hosting the production facility. Results show that the production of textile sheets composing the masks and their disposal were the main contributors to emissions, followed by packaging and transportation. A strategy of reuse based on laundry operation was modelled, and the balance between disposal strategy and reuse with the laundry operation (which has environmental issues due to detergents and water use) was in favor of the second option. To reduce the carbon footprint, a minimized textiles area (by smart shaping) and reuse strategies result in the best options. Further reduction may be achieved by building up a recycling chain of disposed masks, activated by municipalities.
Pasquale Giungato; Roberto Rana; Nicole Nitti; Cosima Cavallari; Caterina Tricase. Carbon Footprint of Surgical Masks Made in Taranto to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Diffusion: A Preliminary Assessment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6296 .
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, Roberto Rana, Nicole Nitti, Cosima Cavallari, Caterina Tricase. Carbon Footprint of Surgical Masks Made in Taranto to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Diffusion: A Preliminary Assessment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6296.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; Roberto Rana; Nicole Nitti; Cosima Cavallari; Caterina Tricase. 2021. "Carbon Footprint of Surgical Masks Made in Taranto to Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Diffusion: A Preliminary Assessment." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6296.
Purpose Methods to assess the authenticity and traceability of wines have been extensively studied as enhancers of food quality, allowing producers to obtain market recognition and premium prices. Among analytical techniques, the volatilome profile attained by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is acquiring more and more attention by the scientific community, together with the use of chemometrics Design/methodology/approach The volatilome profile of three varieties of blanc wines from the Collio area (namely Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia and Friulano) between Italy and Slovenia, was determined by head space-solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, enhancing the carbonyl compounds identification with O-(2, 3, 4, 5, 6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine with the aim of identifying the autochthonous Friulano variety. Findings A two-step chemometric approach based on an unsupervised technique (PCA) followed by a supervised one (PLS-DA) allowed to identify possible markers for discriminating the Friulano Collio variety from the others, in particular two chemical classes were identified by PCA (ketones and long chain esters). PLS-DA showed 87% accuracy in classification. A correct classification (i.e. non-Friulano Collio) of a group of wines obtained from the same grape variety but produced in an extra-Collio area was obtained as well. The results confirmed the benefits of using a derivatization step prior to volatile organic compounds analysis. Research limitations/implications Among methods to assess the authenticity and traceability of wines, volatilome profile of wines determined by head space-solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, enhanced by the carbonyl compound identifications with O-(2, 3, 4, 5, 6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine, may have a key role in conjunction with chemometrics and, in particular with principal component analysis and partial least square discriminant analysis. Practical implications Among methods to assess the authenticity and traceability of Friulano wine, volatilome profile of wines determined by head space-solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, enhanced by the carbonyl compound identifications with O-(2, 3, 4, 5, 6-Pentafluorobenzyl)Hydroxylamine hydrochloride, may have a key role in conjunction with chemometrics. Originality/value Few works investigated both wine traceability with a volatilome enhancer and chemometrics of the Friulano wine variety obtaining such an improvement in this wine variety discrimination.
Sabina Licen; Elija Muzic; Sara Briguglio; Arianna Tolloi; Pierluigi Barbieri; Pasquale Giungato. Derivatized volatile organic compound characterization of Friulano wine from Collio (Italy–Slovenia) by HS-SPME-GC-MS and discrimination from other varieties by chemometrics. British Food Journal 2021, ahead-of-p, 1 .
AMA StyleSabina Licen, Elija Muzic, Sara Briguglio, Arianna Tolloi, Pierluigi Barbieri, Pasquale Giungato. Derivatized volatile organic compound characterization of Friulano wine from Collio (Italy–Slovenia) by HS-SPME-GC-MS and discrimination from other varieties by chemometrics. British Food Journal. 2021; ahead-of-p (ahead-of-p):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSabina Licen; Elija Muzic; Sara Briguglio; Arianna Tolloi; Pierluigi Barbieri; Pasquale Giungato. 2021. "Derivatized volatile organic compound characterization of Friulano wine from Collio (Italy–Slovenia) by HS-SPME-GC-MS and discrimination from other varieties by chemometrics." British Food Journal ahead-of-p, no. ahead-of-p: 1.
The scarcity of fossil fuels and their environmental impact as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, have prompted governments around the world to both develop research and foster the use of renewable energy sources (RES), such as biomass, wind, and solar. Therefore, although these efforts represent potential solutions for fossil fuel shortages and GHG emission reduction, some doubts have emerged recently regarding their energy efficiency. Indeed, it is very useful to assess their energy gain, which means quantifying and comparing the amount of energy consumed to produce alternative fuels. In this context, the aim of this paper is to analyze the trend of the academic literature of studies concerning the indices of the energy return ratio (ERR), such as energy return on energy invested (EROEI), considering biomass, wind and solar energy. This could be useful for institutions and to public organizations in order to redefine their political vision for realizing sustainable socio-economic systems in line with the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energies. Results showed that biomass seems to be more expensive and less efficient than the equivalent fossil-based energy, whereas solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy have reached mature and advanced levels of technology.
Roberto Leonardo Rana; Mariarosaria Lombardi; Pasquale Giungato; Caterina Tricase. Trends in Scientific Literature on Energy Return Ratio of Renewable Energy Sources for Supporting Policymakers. Administrative Sciences 2020, 10, 21 .
AMA StyleRoberto Leonardo Rana, Mariarosaria Lombardi, Pasquale Giungato, Caterina Tricase. Trends in Scientific Literature on Energy Return Ratio of Renewable Energy Sources for Supporting Policymakers. Administrative Sciences. 2020; 10 (2):21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Leonardo Rana; Mariarosaria Lombardi; Pasquale Giungato; Caterina Tricase. 2020. "Trends in Scientific Literature on Energy Return Ratio of Renewable Energy Sources for Supporting Policymakers." Administrative Sciences 10, no. 2: 21.
Rana Roberto Leonardo; Pasquale Giungato; Angela Tarabella; Caterina Tricase. Blockchain Applications and Sustainability Issues. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 2019, 21, 1 .
AMA StyleRana Roberto Leonardo, Pasquale Giungato, Angela Tarabella, Caterina Tricase. Blockchain Applications and Sustainability Issues. www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro. 2019; 21 (Special 13):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana Roberto Leonardo; Pasquale Giungato; Angela Tarabella; Caterina Tricase. 2019. "Blockchain Applications and Sustainability Issues." www.amfiteatrueconomic.ro 21, no. Special 13: 1.
The implementation of scientific studies can help to improve sustainable solutions in the agri-food sector according to current European policy. The present paper aims to evaluate the carbon footprint, according to ISO/TS 14067:2013, of 0.5 kg of sweet cherries packaged in clamshell made in polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The research assesses the supply chain, from agricultural (from nursery to dismantling) to the processing phase in firms located in the Apulia region. Results show a global warming potential over a fixed period corresponding to 100 years equal to 0.584 kg CO2eq, primarily deriving from agricultural management (0.442 kg CO2eq) and secondly from fruit processing (0.068 kg CO2eq). In the orchard phase, the main impacts derived from electricity consumed to pump groundwater used for irrigation and fertigation activities (15.84% of the total), transportation of manure (6.42% of the total), ploughing activity (4.83% of the total) and production of nitrogen fertilisers (4.28% of the total). Cherries processing in the collecting centre showed impacts from electricity consumption (5.57% of the total) and from waste deriving from damaged or non-conforming cherries (4.74% of the total). The PET clamshell production phase had an impact deriving principally from the use of PET granulate (0.0743 kg CO2eq). The study highlighted that manure administration and pruning activities contribute to decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis showed that substitution of electricity-mix deriving from the Italian national grid with a photovoltaic plant lowered GHG emissions by 19%. The present study could contribute in providing suggestions to stakeholders and scholars in reducing GHG emissions and promoting more environmentally sustainable sweet cherry production practices.
R.L. Rana; A.M. Andriano; P. Giungato; C. Tricase. Carbon footprint of processed sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.): From nursery to market. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 227, 900 -910.
AMA StyleR.L. Rana, A.M. Andriano, P. Giungato, C. Tricase. Carbon footprint of processed sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.): From nursery to market. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 227 ():900-910.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR.L. Rana; A.M. Andriano; P. Giungato; C. Tricase. 2019. "Carbon footprint of processed sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.): From nursery to market." Journal of Cleaner Production 227, no. : 900-910.
Odor monitoring has been an issue of concern for a long time and new devices and innovative approaches to recognize and quantify odors, to characterize emission sources and to activate mitigation systems were developed. Chemical characterization of odorants provides useful information about composition and mechanisms of formation but fails in the reconstruction of the final odor perception. Electronic noses remain unmatched devices when the cheapest approach for high temporal resolution monitoring of odorous phenomena is required but their use implies a robust training and is affected by poor reliability. Synergistic approach based on chemical characterization, dynamic olfactometry and electronic noses reveals to be the best way to a) characterize odors; b) evaluate their concentration; c) develop innovative and tailored monitoring systems. Therefore, this review aims to examine the recently advanced in odor detection and monitoring methods highlighting limits and potentialities and proposing the integration of them as a strategic approach.
P. Giungato; A. Di Gilio; J. Palmisani; A. Marzocca; A. Mazzone; M. Brattoli; R. Giua; G. de Gennaro. Synergistic approaches for odor active compounds monitoring and identification: State of the art, integration, limits and potentialities of analytical and sensorial techniques. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2018, 107, 116 -129.
AMA StyleP. Giungato, A. Di Gilio, J. Palmisani, A. Marzocca, A. Mazzone, M. Brattoli, R. Giua, G. de Gennaro. Synergistic approaches for odor active compounds monitoring and identification: State of the art, integration, limits and potentialities of analytical and sensorial techniques. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2018; 107 ():116-129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Giungato; A. Di Gilio; J. Palmisani; A. Marzocca; A. Mazzone; M. Brattoli; R. Giua; G. de Gennaro. 2018. "Synergistic approaches for odor active compounds monitoring and identification: State of the art, integration, limits and potentialities of analytical and sensorial techniques." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 107, no. : 116-129.
Processed samples (air-dried @ 40 and @ 60 °C and freeze-dried) of sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.), an autochthonous spice with interesting market potential, were analyzed by headspace gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and classification capabilities of an electronic nose in discriminating between samples with stepwise forward statistics were evaluated as well. Freeze-drying process was the most preservative in terms of limiting darkening without compromising appearance of the final product, providing weight loss of about 85% and water activity below the limit for mold growth issues. Headspace analysis of samples highlighted the presence of 35 volatiles grouped as terpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated terpenes, sesquiterpen hydrocarbons, phenyl propanoids, not-terpenic aldehydes and not-terpenic ketones. Correlations emerged between selected sensors and some detected volatile organic compounds. Stepwise linear discriminant analysis and simple K-nearest neighbors obtained a 100% overall correct classification rate in cross-validation of the electronic nose in classifying samples, whereas stepwise K-means and Naive-Bayes gave 93.3%. The sea fennel could be a new interesting spice to launch in the food market and the electronic nose showed the potential to be used in monitoring the industrial process aimed at extending its shelf-life.
Pasquale Giungato; Massimiliano Renna; Roberto Rana; Sabina Licen; Pierluigi Barbieri. Characterization of dried and freeze-dried sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) samples with headspace gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and evaluation of an electronic nose discrimination potential. Food Research International 2018, 115, 65 -72.
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, Massimiliano Renna, Roberto Rana, Sabina Licen, Pierluigi Barbieri. Characterization of dried and freeze-dried sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) samples with headspace gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and evaluation of an electronic nose discrimination potential. Food Research International. 2018; 115 ():65-72.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; Massimiliano Renna; Roberto Rana; Sabina Licen; Pierluigi Barbieri. 2018. "Characterization of dried and freeze-dried sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) samples with headspace gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and evaluation of an electronic nose discrimination potential." Food Research International 115, no. : 65-72.
Characterizing consumers in terms of their propensity to practice sustainable consumption represents an interesting research challenge in which a crucial role is played by the questionnaire in terms of its structure and classification criteria. Various classification rules have been proposed in the literature, which can be used to identify consumer types and signify their propensity to practice the principles of sustainable development in daily life. In this paper, we based our approach in designing a classification tool on a combination of two elements: the concept of voluntary simplicity as a pillar for consumer characteristics and the idea of assessing consumers by using filters, in a modified form introducing many new aspects of life-cycle thinking. The tool proposed provides insight into the relationship between the consumer’s typology and behavior during purchasing decisions in daily life. The main function of the proposed tool is to assign respondents to one of the proposed consumer types distinguished and characterized in terms of many aspects of life cycle thinking. A pilot survey has been performed in order to verify the proposed tool, and the survey results have been presented in the paper, as well.
Anna Lewandowska; Joanna Witczak; Pasquale Giungato; Christian Dierks; Przemyslaw Kurczewski; Katarzyna Pawlak-Lemanska. Inclusion of Life Cycle Thinking in a Sustainability-Oriented Consumer’s Typology: A Proposed Methodology and an Assessment Tool. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1826 .
AMA StyleAnna Lewandowska, Joanna Witczak, Pasquale Giungato, Christian Dierks, Przemyslaw Kurczewski, Katarzyna Pawlak-Lemanska. Inclusion of Life Cycle Thinking in a Sustainability-Oriented Consumer’s Typology: A Proposed Methodology and an Assessment Tool. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):1826.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Lewandowska; Joanna Witczak; Pasquale Giungato; Christian Dierks; Przemyslaw Kurczewski; Katarzyna Pawlak-Lemanska. 2018. "Inclusion of Life Cycle Thinking in a Sustainability-Oriented Consumer’s Typology: A Proposed Methodology and an Assessment Tool." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 1826.
The city of Taranto, in the south-east of Italy, is experiencing a transition from one of the most polluted and industrialized area characterized by the presence of the largest integrated steelworks in Europe, to a center of attractions of investments in innovation on sustainability and tourism. Among sustainability projects, urban wind energy is emerging as a technology useful in diffusion of smart grids for energetic sustainable development and also an interesting growing niche market in which there could be new investment opportunities. Numerous projects aimed at developing wind energy production are under constructions and wind characteristics and power potential of various sites have been studied in many Mediterranean countries. The urban wind analysis may represent a new tool to complete local wind atlases including the built environment, to evaluate changes that weathering may cause in the physical and architectural state of buildings, and to analyze the dispersion of pollutants from sources to receptor sites. In this paper, an analysis of wind potential and characteristics in Taranto, Apulia, a north Jonian urban site in Italy, has been performed by using high time resolved (10 min) meteorological data collected over a time span of two years, in the aim to describe the numerical procedures adopted to perform fitting of wind speed data without using special software. This urban site, in the first year of investigation from May 1st, 2009 to April 30th, 2010, was subjected to main wind regimes that come mostly from N with 12.27% and SSW with 9.89% of total hours; the calm occurred with a frequency of 10.94%. In the second year, from May 1st, 2010 to April 30th, 2011, the winds also blown predominantly from N with 12.56% of the total annual hours, and SSW with 9.33%, while the calms reached 11.08%. Dispersion of pollutants emitted from various sources among cement factory, a quarry/landfill, a refinery and the steelworks, poses serious health risks to population mainly resident downwind the prevalent wind directions. Simply computed mean wind speeds had values of 1.84 (sd=0.26 m/s) in the first year and 1.90 m/s (sd=0.30 m/s) in the second year under investigation. Weibull’s k values, measuring the wind potential of the site, were higher during the spring-summer warmest months and lower during the autumn-winter; the lowest appeared in November 2009 (0.639) the highest in June 2010 (1.665). Mean yearly values of k were 1.210 (sd=0.18) in the first year and 1.065 (sd=0.24) in the second year of the study, the correlation between the monthly values of k in the years under consideration was R²=0.59 (p=0.043) indicating that although variations occurred, the wind potential remain partly unaltered from one year to the other examined. LCOE (Levelized Cost of Electricity) for the wind turbines chosen among the 35 ones listed in the “Catalogue of European Urban Wind Turbine Manufactures”, excluding those with rated power below 0.1 kW, ranged from 0.12 to 10.6 €/kWh and differs slightly in the two years examined. The values were competitive with some off-shore and on-shore installations, biogas and photovoltaic, but it does not consider pollution costs and subsidies. The proposed solution was economically viable, also by considering the possible integration in a hybrid photovoltaic-wind system, or fossil-based heat generator system supplemented by solar photovoltaic and wind energy
Elisabetta Laiola; Pasquale Giungato. Wind characterization in Taranto city as a basis for innovative sustainable urban development. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 172, 3535 -3545.
AMA StyleElisabetta Laiola, Pasquale Giungato. Wind characterization in Taranto city as a basis for innovative sustainable urban development. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 172 ():3535-3545.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisabetta Laiola; Pasquale Giungato. 2018. "Wind characterization in Taranto city as a basis for innovative sustainable urban development." Journal of Cleaner Production 172, no. : 3535-3545.
The implementation of short supply chain of available biomass from forest and agriculture residues locally available aims to gain environmental benefits deriving from reduced transportation, avoided abiotic depletion of resources and reduced net emissions of green-house gases. The main objective of the present study was to analyze possible environmental impacts arising from domestic burning of residual biomasses, in terms air pollution. Three different types of woody residual biomasses (Robinia pseudoacacia, Picea abies and Vitis vinifera) were collected within the Friuli Venezia Giulia region in the form of wood chips, converted into pellets and used in controlled combustion tests in a domestic stove. The efficiency of the combustion process and the amount of selected emitted pollutants (carbon monoxide, organic gaseous carbon, nitrogen oxides, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total suspended particulate matter) were evaluated. Moreover, the same analysis and combustion tests were carried out on three commercially available pellets (Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica and softwood mix) to achieve a better interpretation and contextualization of the results obtained. Picea abies developed significantly high concentrations of organic gaseous carbon, benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and rather high carbon monoxide emissions. Vitis vinifera was characterized by the highest total suspended particulate matter and carbon monoxide emissions. Robinia pseudoacacia was a very promising fuel showing both combustion and emission properties similar to the commercial pellets. Thus, with the outcomes of our work we highlighted that possible environmental drawbacks due to air pollution arising from residual biomass burning should be evaluated. Moreover, the scientific community of life cycle assessment scientists may benefit from having updated experimental measurements of air pollutants emitted by a domestic stove loaded with different locally available residual biomasses
Pasquale Giungato; Pierluigi Barbieri; Sergio Cozzutto; Sabina Licen. Sustainable domestic burning of residual biomasses from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 172, 3841 -3850.
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, Pierluigi Barbieri, Sergio Cozzutto, Sabina Licen. Sustainable domestic burning of residual biomasses from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 172 ():3841-3850.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; Pierluigi Barbieri; Sergio Cozzutto; Sabina Licen. 2018. "Sustainable domestic burning of residual biomasses from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region." Journal of Cleaner Production 172, no. : 3841-3850.
Bitcoin is a digital currency based on a peer-to-peer payment system managed by an open source software and characterized by lower transaction costs, greater security and scalability than fiat money and no need of a central bank. Despite criticisms about illegal uses and social consequences, it is attracting the interest of the scientific community. The purpose of this work is to define and evaluate the current trends of the literature concerned with the sustainability of bitcoin, considering the environmental impacts, social issues and economic aspects. From the analysis it emerges that the transition of the whole monetary system in the new cryptocurrency will result in an unacceptable amount of energy consumed to mine new bitcoins and to maintain the entire virtual monetary system, and probably bitcoin will remain a niche currency. Blockchain, which is the base for a distributed and democratically-sustained public ledger of the transactions, could foster new and challenging opportunities. Sharing the framework of medical data, energy generation and distribution in micro-grids at the citizen level, block-stack and new state-driven cryptocurrencies, may benefit from the wide spread of blockchain-based transactions. Under the perspective of its being a driver of social change, bitcoins and related blockchain technologies may overcome the issues highlighted by numerous detractors.
Pasquale Giungato; Roberto Rana; Angela Tarabella; Caterina Tricase. Current Trends in Sustainability of Bitcoins and Related Blockchain Technology. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2214 .
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, Roberto Rana, Angela Tarabella, Caterina Tricase. Current Trends in Sustainability of Bitcoins and Related Blockchain Technology. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (12):2214.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; Roberto Rana; Angela Tarabella; Caterina Tricase. 2017. "Current Trends in Sustainability of Bitcoins and Related Blockchain Technology." Sustainability 9, no. 12: 2214.
Online monitoring of coffee roasting in an industrial plant is becoming an important issue as the experience of the roast master still plays an important role. Despite several approaches have been tested, some limitations were not surmountable as difficulties in scalability from bench scale to industrial roaster, the use of expensive analytical instrumentation, and the need to handle a large dataset of variables. In this paper, response of an electronic nose sampling, the headspace of roasted beans, was correlated with brightness and mean density, using the generalized least square regression in combination with a stepwise backward selection of predictors. To avoid scalability issues, roasting took place in an industrial plant using two Arabica (Brazil and Costa Rica) and two Robusta (Vietnam and India) origins. Regression showed R2 ranging in the interval 0.994–0.999, with statistical significance p < 0.0001. The present approach has the potential to be used effectively instead of roast master, in the online monitoring of coffee roasting in industrial plants.
P. Giungato; E. Laiola; Vittorio Nicolardi. Evaluation of Industrial Roasting Degree of Coffee Beans by Using an Electronic Nose and a Stepwise Backward Selection of Predictors. Food Analytical Methods 2017, 10, 3424 -3433.
AMA StyleP. Giungato, E. Laiola, Vittorio Nicolardi. Evaluation of Industrial Roasting Degree of Coffee Beans by Using an Electronic Nose and a Stepwise Backward Selection of Predictors. Food Analytical Methods. 2017; 10 (10):3424-3433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Giungato; E. Laiola; Vittorio Nicolardi. 2017. "Evaluation of Industrial Roasting Degree of Coffee Beans by Using an Electronic Nose and a Stepwise Backward Selection of Predictors." Food Analytical Methods 10, no. 10: 3424-3433.
Odor emissions from waste management plants have long been an environmental and economic issue, but only recently regional authorities in Italy are regulating this sector by imposing control and mitigation of the phenomenon. Electronic noses, initially developed as cheap, easy tools to detect volatiles, may have the required time-resolved coverage of the odor emission phenomenon in a cheap and feasible way with respect to chemical analysis of air. One crucial issue to resolve is to evaluate the discriminant capacity of a sensor array in-field and under working conditions. In this paper the authors have studied the responses of electronic noses of different technologies to odors emitted from a waste management plant, by integrating results obtained with dynamic olfactometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry, in the aim to implement a monitoring system and improve cleaner production technologies. Three most impacting odor sources in the waste management plant were detected: biogas, a by-product of mechanical treatment of municipal solid wastes, with low organic fraction and a sludge pressed and dehydrated from treatment of urban wastewater. The most odor impacting source was the sludge and the major responsible of the odor impacts were aromatics (in particular 1,3,5-trimethyl benzene), aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and sulphur volatiles (methyl disulphide, carbon disulphide, dimethyltrisulphide). Ten Metal Oxide Semiconductors and 32 polymer/black carbon (Nano Composite Array) sensors in two electronic noses, were tested for discrimination source capabilities. Results of linear discriminant analysis and cross validation give 86.7% successful recognition for Metal Oxide Semiconductors, 53.3% for Nano Composite Array and 93.3% for a selection of sensors belonging to both technologies chosen according to the selectivity towards the odor active molecules. The containment of odors could also be achieved by spraying a specific product and monitoring the process using selected sensors of the arrays. The results of the in-field work demonstrate strengths and weaknesses of different construction technologies in the e-noses arrays, to characterize and monitor in-site and in real time odor emissions from waste management plants
Pasquale Giungato; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Pierluigi Barbieri; Sara Carmela Briguglio; Martino Amodio; Lucrezia De Gennaro; Francesco Lasigna. Improving recognition of odors in a waste management plant by using electronic noses with different technologies, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry and dynamic olfactometry. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 133, 1395 -1402.
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, Gianluigi De Gennaro, Pierluigi Barbieri, Sara Carmela Briguglio, Martino Amodio, Lucrezia De Gennaro, Francesco Lasigna. Improving recognition of odors in a waste management plant by using electronic noses with different technologies, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry and dynamic olfactometry. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 133 ():1395-1402.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Pierluigi Barbieri; Sara Carmela Briguglio; Martino Amodio; Lucrezia De Gennaro; Francesco Lasigna. 2016. "Improving recognition of odors in a waste management plant by using electronic noses with different technologies, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry and dynamic olfactometry." Journal of Cleaner Production 133, no. : 1395-1402.
The atmosphere is a carrier on which some natural and anthropogenic organic and inorganic chemicals are transported, and the wet and dry deposition events are the most important processes that remove those chemicals, depositing it on soil and water. A wide variety of different collectors were tested to evaluate site-specificity, seasonality and daily variability of settleable particle concentrations. Deposition fluxes of POPs showed spatial and seasonal variations, diagnostic ratios of PAHs on deposited particles, allowed the discrimination between pyrolytic or petrogenic sources. Congener pattern analysis and bulk deposition fluxes in rural sites confirmed long-range atmospheric transport of PCDDs/Fs. More and more sophisticated and newly designed deposition samplers have being used for characterization of deposited mercury, demonstrating the importance of rain scavenging and the relatively higher magnitude of Hg deposition from Chinese anthropogenic sources. Recently biological monitors demonstrated that PAH concentrations in lichens were comparable with concentrations measured in a conventional active sampler in an outdoor environment. In this review the authors explore the methodological approaches used for the assessment of atmospheric deposition, from the analysis of the sampling methods, the analytical procedures for chemical characterization of pollutants and the main results from the scientific literature.
M L Amodio; S. Catino; P. R. Dambruoso; G. De Gennaro; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Elisabetta Laiola; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; A. Sardaro; M. Tutino. Atmospheric Deposition: Sampling Procedures, Analytical Methods, and Main Recent Findings from the Scientific Literature. Advances in Meteorology 2014, 2014, 1 -27.
AMA StyleM L Amodio, S. Catino, P. R. Dambruoso, G. De Gennaro, Alessia Di Gilio, Pasquale Giungato, Elisabetta Laiola, Annalisa Marzocca, Antonio Mazzone, A. Sardaro, M. Tutino. Atmospheric Deposition: Sampling Procedures, Analytical Methods, and Main Recent Findings from the Scientific Literature. Advances in Meteorology. 2014; 2014 ():1-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM L Amodio; S. Catino; P. R. Dambruoso; G. De Gennaro; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Elisabetta Laiola; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; A. Sardaro; M. Tutino. 2014. "Atmospheric Deposition: Sampling Procedures, Analytical Methods, and Main Recent Findings from the Scientific Literature." Advances in Meteorology 2014, no. : 1-27.
In recent years, the use of synthetic materials in building and furnishing, the adoption of new lifestyles, the extensive use of products for environmental cleaning and personal hygiene have contributed to the deterioration of indoor air quality and introduced new sources of risk to humans. Indoor environments include home, workplaces such as offices, public buildings such as hospitals, schools, kindergartens, sports halls, libraries, restaurants and bars, theaters and cinemas and finally cabins of vehicles. Indoor environments in schools have been of particular public concern. According to recent studies, children aged between 3 and 14 spend 90 % of the day indoors both in winter and summer. Moreover, children have greater susceptibility to some environmental pollutants than adults, because they breathe higher volumes of air relative to their body weights, and their tissues and organs are actively growing. In this review, the authors explore the methodological approaches used for the assessment of air quality in schools: monitoring strategies, sampling and analysis techniques and summarizing an overview of main findings from scientific literature concerning the most common pollutants found in school environments.
Gianluigi de Gennaro; Paolo Rosario Dambruoso; Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Maria Tutino; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Francesca Porcelli. Indoor air quality in schools. Environmental Chemistry Letters 2014, 12, 467 -482.
AMA StyleGianluigi de Gennaro, Paolo Rosario Dambruoso, Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile, Alessia Di Gilio, Pasquale Giungato, Maria Tutino, Annalisa Marzocca, Antonio Mazzone, Jolanda Palmisani, Francesca Porcelli. Indoor air quality in schools. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 2014; 12 (4):467-482.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGianluigi de Gennaro; Paolo Rosario Dambruoso; Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Maria Tutino; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Francesca Porcelli. 2014. "Indoor air quality in schools." Environmental Chemistry Letters 12, no. 4: 467-482.
In recent years the use of synthetic materials in building and furnishing, the adoption of new lifestyles, the extensive use of products for environmental cleaning and personal hygiene have contributed to the deterioration of the indoor air quality (IAQ) and introduced new sources of risk to humans. Indoor environments include home work places such as offices, public buildings such as hospitals, schools, kindergartens, sports halls, libraries, restaurants and bars, theatres and cinemas and finally cabins of vehicles. Indoor environments in schools have been of particular public concern. According to recent studies, children aged between 3 and 14 spend 90 % of the day indoors both in winter and summer. Adverse environmental effects on the learning and performance of students in schools could have both immediate and lifelong consequences, for the students and for society. In fact, children have greater susceptibility to some environmental pollutants than adults, because they breathe higher volumes of air relative to their body weights and their tissues and organs are actively growing. This review describes methods for the assessment of indoor air quality in schools. To this aim, monitoring strategies for sampling and measurement of indoor air pollutants will be discussed. The paper’s goal involves four major points: (1) characteristics of indoor environments, chemical pollutants and their sources within school; (2) monitoring strategies; (3) sampling and analysis techniques; (4) an overview of findings from scientific literature. Finally, we summarize available knowledge about IAQ in schools highlighting key gaps and suggesting priority topics and strategies for research. Moreover, it provides useful tools to support the stakeholder for development of strategies of prevention and mitigation in school environments in order to improve the indoor air quality.
Paolo Rosario Dambruoso; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Francesca Porcelli; Maria Tutino. School Air Quality: Pollutants, Monitoring and Toxicity. Nanosensors for Environment, Food and Agriculture Vol. 1 2013, 4, 1 -44.
AMA StylePaolo Rosario Dambruoso, Gianluigi De Gennaro, Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile, Alessia Di Gilio, Pasquale Giungato, Annalisa Marzocca, Antonio Mazzone, Jolanda Palmisani, Francesca Porcelli, Maria Tutino. School Air Quality: Pollutants, Monitoring and Toxicity. Nanosensors for Environment, Food and Agriculture Vol. 1. 2013; 4 ():1-44.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaolo Rosario Dambruoso; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile; Alessia Di Gilio; Pasquale Giungato; Annalisa Marzocca; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Francesca Porcelli; Maria Tutino. 2013. "School Air Quality: Pollutants, Monitoring and Toxicity." Nanosensors for Environment, Food and Agriculture Vol. 1 4, no. : 1-44.
The gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) technique couples traditional gas chromatographic analysis with sensory detection in order to study complex mixtures of odorous substances and to identify odor active compounds. The GC-O technique is already widely used for the evaluation of food aromas and its application in environmental fields is increasing, thus moving the odor emission assessment from the solely olfactometric evaluations to the characterization of the volatile components responsible for odor nuisance. The aim of this paper is to describe the state of the art of gas chromatography-olfactometry methodology, considering the different approaches regarding the operational conditions and the different methods for evaluating the olfactometric detection of odor compounds. The potentials of GC-O are described highlighting the improvements in this methodology relative to other conventional approaches used for odor detection, such as sensoristic, sensorial and the traditional gas chromatographic methods. The paper also provides an examination of the different fields of application of the GC-O, principally related to fragrances and food aromas, odor nuisance produced by anthropic activities and odorous compounds emitted by materials and medical applications.
Magda Brattoli; Ezia Cisternino; Paolo Rosario Dambruoso; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Pasquale Giungato; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Maria Tutino. Gas Chromatography Analysis with Olfactometric Detection (GC-O) as a Useful Methodology for Chemical Characterization of Odorous Compounds. Sensors 2013, 13, 16759 -16800.
AMA StyleMagda Brattoli, Ezia Cisternino, Paolo Rosario Dambruoso, Gianluigi De Gennaro, Pasquale Giungato, Antonio Mazzone, Jolanda Palmisani, Maria Tutino. Gas Chromatography Analysis with Olfactometric Detection (GC-O) as a Useful Methodology for Chemical Characterization of Odorous Compounds. Sensors. 2013; 13 (12):16759-16800.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagda Brattoli; Ezia Cisternino; Paolo Rosario Dambruoso; Gianluigi De Gennaro; Pasquale Giungato; Antonio Mazzone; Jolanda Palmisani; Maria Tutino. 2013. "Gas Chromatography Analysis with Olfactometric Detection (GC-O) as a Useful Methodology for Chemical Characterization of Odorous Compounds." Sensors 13, no. 12: 16759-16800.
Plasma polymerization of thiophene in the presence of iodine has been performed under mild plasma conditions, in order to obtain a thin conducting film suitable for sensing volatile chemicals. FTIR and XPS analysis have been utilized for the chemical characterization. The low-frequency resistance response to ethanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ammonia vapors was investigated showing sensitivity to polar and low molecular weight volatile chemicals.
Pasquale Giungato; M. C. Ferrara; F. Musio; R. D'agostino. Plasma polymerized thiophene for sensing volatile chemicals: Synthesis, chemical characterization, and low-frequency resistance measurements. Plasmas and Polymers 1996, 1, 283 -297.
AMA StylePasquale Giungato, M. C. Ferrara, F. Musio, R. D'agostino. Plasma polymerized thiophene for sensing volatile chemicals: Synthesis, chemical characterization, and low-frequency resistance measurements. Plasmas and Polymers. 1996; 1 (4):283-297.
Chicago/Turabian StylePasquale Giungato; M. C. Ferrara; F. Musio; R. D'agostino. 1996. "Plasma polymerized thiophene for sensing volatile chemicals: Synthesis, chemical characterization, and low-frequency resistance measurements." Plasmas and Polymers 1, no. 4: 283-297.