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Prof. Guido Flamini
Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa

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0 Essential Oils
0 GC-MS
0 SPME
0 volatiles in food
0 Plant Sciences

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GC-MS
Essential Oils
volatiles
SPME
aroma compounds

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Journal article
Published: 25 August 2021 in Food Bioscience
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The nutritional composition and bioactive properties of roots and rhizomes of Asparagus stipularis were evaluated. Antioxidant activity of extracts obtained by infusion was evaluated using free radicals scavenging and reducing power methods. Porcine liver primary cell was used to check the hepatotoxicity of infusions. Results revealed that Asparagus samples are likely a source of nutrients, such as dietary fibre and essential fatty acids. HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS characterization of infusions allowed the identification and quantitation of 7 phenolic compounds, all hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives, with caffeic acid as the most abundant. Roots infusion contained the highest amounts of these compounds. It also exhibited the highest antioxidant activity in all assays, with EC50 values of 0.44 ± 0.01, 0.98 ± 0.03 and 0.64 ± 0.01 mg/mL for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, respectively, with no toxicity towards PLP2 primary cell cultures (GI50 > 400 μg/mL). PLGA nanoparticles loaded with root extract were prepared using solvent-evaporation double emulsion method. Nanoparticles size was about 260 nm and a polydispersity index around 0.1, with a zeta potential of about -36 mV, as well as a good encapsulation efficiency of approximately 83%. Their morphology was analysed by SEM and spherical polymeric nanoparticles with a smooth surface were observed. FTIR and DSC were also performed, which allowed corroborating the efficacy of the encapsulation and to confirm the production of a stable and robust system to load Asparagus extracts. The developed nanoparticles are expected to be used as delivery systems for bioactive compounds of A. stipularis and they could be used as an innovative dietary supplement.

ACS Style

Khaoula Adouni; Ana Júlio; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Patrícia Filipe; Patricia Rijo; Sofia A. Costa Lima; Salette Reis; Ângela Fernandes; Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira; Virginia Fernández-Ruiz; Patricia Morales; Guido Flamini; Lotfi Achour; Pedro Fonte. Roots and rhizomes of wild Asparagus: Nutritional composition, bioactivity and nanoencapsulation of the most potent extract. Food Bioscience 2021, 101334 .

AMA Style

Khaoula Adouni, Ana Júlio, Celestino Santos-Buelga, Ana M. González-Paramás, Patrícia Filipe, Patricia Rijo, Sofia A. Costa Lima, Salette Reis, Ângela Fernandes, Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira, Virginia Fernández-Ruiz, Patricia Morales, Guido Flamini, Lotfi Achour, Pedro Fonte. Roots and rhizomes of wild Asparagus: Nutritional composition, bioactivity and nanoencapsulation of the most potent extract. Food Bioscience. 2021; ():101334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khaoula Adouni; Ana Júlio; Celestino Santos-Buelga; Ana M. González-Paramás; Patrícia Filipe; Patricia Rijo; Sofia A. Costa Lima; Salette Reis; Ângela Fernandes; Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira; Virginia Fernández-Ruiz; Patricia Morales; Guido Flamini; Lotfi Achour; Pedro Fonte. 2021. "Roots and rhizomes of wild Asparagus: Nutritional composition, bioactivity and nanoencapsulation of the most potent extract." Food Bioscience , no. : 101334.

Journal article
Published: 18 August 2021 in Coatings
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We report an analysis of chemical components of essential oils from barks of Ceylon cinnamon and cloves of Syzygium aromaticum and an investigation of their antibacterial activity. The components of oils were determined by using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and the antimicrobial activity was assessed by the disk diffusion test. The synergic effect of essential oils mixture (cinnamon oil and clove oil) was evaluated. Antimicrobial properties were conferred to cellulosic fibers through microencapsulation using citric acid as a green binding agent. Essential oil mixture was encapsulated by coacervation using chitosan as a wall material and sodium hydroxide as a hardening agent. The diameter of the produced microcapsules varies between 12 and 48 μm. Attachment of the produced microcapsules onto cotton fabrics surface was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results show that microcapsules were successfully attached on cotton fabric surfaces, imparting antibacterial activity without significantly affecting their properties. The finished cotton fabrics exhibited good mechanical properties and wettability.

ACS Style

Dorra Dridi; Aicha Bouaziz; Sondes Gargoubi; Abir Zouari; Fatma B’Chir; Aghleb Bartegi; Hatem Majdoub; Chedly Boudokhane. Enhanced Antibacterial Efficiency of Cellulosic Fibers: Microencapsulation and Green Grafting Strategies. Coatings 2021, 11, 980 .

AMA Style

Dorra Dridi, Aicha Bouaziz, Sondes Gargoubi, Abir Zouari, Fatma B’Chir, Aghleb Bartegi, Hatem Majdoub, Chedly Boudokhane. Enhanced Antibacterial Efficiency of Cellulosic Fibers: Microencapsulation and Green Grafting Strategies. Coatings. 2021; 11 (8):980.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dorra Dridi; Aicha Bouaziz; Sondes Gargoubi; Abir Zouari; Fatma B’Chir; Aghleb Bartegi; Hatem Majdoub; Chedly Boudokhane. 2021. "Enhanced Antibacterial Efficiency of Cellulosic Fibers: Microencapsulation and Green Grafting Strategies." Coatings 11, no. 8: 980.

Journal article
Published: 09 August 2021 in Agronomy
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Ferulago campestris is an aromatic plant, distributed in Mediterranean Europe, and a source of essential oils (EOs) regarded as promising alternatives to synthetic herbicides and pesticides. F. campestris EO, hydrodistilled and analyzed, was tested for its antigerminative activity and for its effect on radicle elongation, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and lipid peroxidation on four infesting weed species (Papaver rhoeas, Taraxacum campylodes, Poa annua, and Setaria verticillata) and on Phaseolus vulgaris. Its repellent ability was also tested against Acanthoscelides obtectus, a pest commonly affecting P. vulgaris during storage. Moreover, a chitosan coating layer was developed with the addition of F. campestris EO and tested for its toxic and oviposition-deterring effects against A. obtectus. Myrcene, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene were detected as the main compounds in F. campestris EO. The EO demonstrated a selective in vitro antigerminative activity towards the weed species, without affecting the bean seeds. Moreover, the chitosan coating layer exerted a dose-dependent repellent effect against A. obtectus adults, thus effectively protecting the bean seeds, while preserving their germinative ability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a chitosan–EO coating proposed with the aim of protecting bean seeds for sowing from insect attack.

ACS Style

Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Stefano Bedini; Camilla Tani; Paolo Giannotti; Tiziana Lombardi; Barbara Conti; Daniele Fraternale. Ferulago campestris Essential Oil as Active Ingredient in Chitosan Seed-Coating: Chemical Analyses, Allelopathic Effects, and Protective Activity against the Common Bean Pest Acanthoscelides obtectus. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1578 .

AMA Style

Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Stefano Bedini, Camilla Tani, Paolo Giannotti, Tiziana Lombardi, Barbara Conti, Daniele Fraternale. Ferulago campestris Essential Oil as Active Ingredient in Chitosan Seed-Coating: Chemical Analyses, Allelopathic Effects, and Protective Activity against the Common Bean Pest Acanthoscelides obtectus. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (8):1578.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Stefano Bedini; Camilla Tani; Paolo Giannotti; Tiziana Lombardi; Barbara Conti; Daniele Fraternale. 2021. "Ferulago campestris Essential Oil as Active Ingredient in Chitosan Seed-Coating: Chemical Analyses, Allelopathic Effects, and Protective Activity against the Common Bean Pest Acanthoscelides obtectus." Agronomy 11, no. 8: 1578.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Carob flour is increasingly popular in innovative functional foods. Its main producers are Mediterranean countries, facing health and nutrition challenges, and difficulties in tackling climate change. This study aims at formulating innovative sustainable bakery products of high nutritional value while pleasing the consumer and addressing regional challenges. Hence, carob flour was obtained by grinding sun-dried carob pods, thus reducing the environmental impact, and preserving carob’s high nutraceutical value. Different bread formulations resulted from the blend of wheat flour with carob pulp (5, 10, 20, and 30%) and/or seed powder (5 and 10%), with no added fats, additives, or processing aids. New products were evaluated for their textural, chromatic, nutritional, aromatic, and hedonic properties. Carob is rich in aroma, antioxidants, and prebiotic fibers, and does not contain gluten, so when combined with wheat, the proportion of gluten in bread is reduced. Carob is also rich in minerals (4.16% and 2.00% ash, respectively in seed and pulp), and breadmaking seems to generate lesser furane derivatives than in white bread. In short, carob is typically Mediterranean and is a valuable local resource in the formulation of sustainable foods with high nutritional value, low carbon footprint, safe, healthy, tasty, and affordable, all at once.

ACS Style

Manel Issaoui; Guido Flamini; Amélia Delgado. Sustainability Opportunities for Mediterranean Food Products through New Formulations Based on Carob Flour (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Sustainability 2021, 13, 8026 .

AMA Style

Manel Issaoui, Guido Flamini, Amélia Delgado. Sustainability Opportunities for Mediterranean Food Products through New Formulations Based on Carob Flour (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):8026.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manel Issaoui; Guido Flamini; Amélia Delgado. 2021. "Sustainability Opportunities for Mediterranean Food Products through New Formulations Based on Carob Flour (Ceratonia siliqua L.)." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 8026.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2021 in Molecules
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Cannabis sativa L. is an annual species cultivated since antiquity for different purposes. While, in the past, hemp inflorescences were considered crop residues, at present, they are regarded as valuable raw materials with different applications, among which extraction of the essential oil (EO) has gained increasing interest in many fields. The aim of the present study is the evaluation of the yield and the chemical composition of the EO obtained by hydrodistillation from eleven hemp genotypes, cultivated in the same location for two consecutive growing seasons. The composition of the EOs was analyzed by GC–MS, and then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. Sesquiterpenes represented the main class of compounds in all the EOs, both in their hydrocarbon and oxygenated forms, with relative abundances ranging from 47.1 to 78.5%; the only exception was the Felina 32 sample collected in 2019, in which cannabinoids predominated. Cannabinoids were the second most abundant class of compounds, of which cannabidiol was the main one, with relative abundances between 11.8 and 51.5%. The statistical distribution of the samples, performed on the complete chemical composition of the EOs, evidenced a partition based on the year of cultivation, rather than on the genotype, with the exception of Uso-31. Regarding the extraction yield, a significant variation was evidenced among both the genotypes and the years of cultivation.

ACS Style

Ylenia Pieracci; Roberta Ascrizzi; Valentina Terreni; Luisa Pistelli; Guido Flamini; Laura Bassolino; Flavia Fulvio; Massimo Montanari; Roberta Paris. Essential Oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of Yield and Chemical Composition of 11 Hemp Genotypes. Molecules 2021, 26, 4080 .

AMA Style

Ylenia Pieracci, Roberta Ascrizzi, Valentina Terreni, Luisa Pistelli, Guido Flamini, Laura Bassolino, Flavia Fulvio, Massimo Montanari, Roberta Paris. Essential Oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of Yield and Chemical Composition of 11 Hemp Genotypes. Molecules. 2021; 26 (13):4080.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ylenia Pieracci; Roberta Ascrizzi; Valentina Terreni; Luisa Pistelli; Guido Flamini; Laura Bassolino; Flavia Fulvio; Massimo Montanari; Roberta Paris. 2021. "Essential Oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of Yield and Chemical Composition of 11 Hemp Genotypes." Molecules 26, no. 13: 4080.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2021 in Industrial Crops and Products
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Eliciting plants consists in the application of chemical, physical, and biological factors that induce stressful conditions, and so trigger defense mechanisms and the production of bioactive compounds and phytochemicals. In this study, the phenolic and volatile organic compound (VOCs) profiles of sage leaves under a chronic ozone (O3) exposure (120 ppb 5 h day−1 for 36 consecutive days) were investigated, elucidating also their antioxidant activity. The composition, yield, and antioxidant capacity of essential oils (EOs) obtained from sage leaves were also evaluated. Ozone exposure resulted in an overall increase of phenolic compounds. In terms of VOCs, O3 mainly reduced monoterpene emissions, while increased the production of sesquiterpenes (in both leaves and EOs). These O3-induced accumulations were triggered during the first weeks of exposure, whereas they disappeared at the last time of analysis, suggesting that sage plants lost their ability (or interest) in activating secondary metabolism under high doses of O3. The antioxidant capacity of all tested extracts resulted increased by O3 exposure. These outcomes support our speculation that the application of O3 for a limited period (i.e., a maximum of four weeks, at the investigated concentration) may become an effective biotechnological tool to improve the quality of sage leaf extracts.

ACS Style

Alessandra Marchica; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Mariagrazia Tonelli; Giacomo Lorenzini; Cristina Nali; Elisa Pellegrini. Ozone as eustress for enhancing secondary metabolites and bioactive properties in Salvia officinalis. Industrial Crops and Products 2021, 170, 113730 .

AMA Style

Alessandra Marchica, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Lorenzo Cotrozzi, Mariagrazia Tonelli, Giacomo Lorenzini, Cristina Nali, Elisa Pellegrini. Ozone as eustress for enhancing secondary metabolites and bioactive properties in Salvia officinalis. Industrial Crops and Products. 2021; 170 ():113730.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessandra Marchica; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Lorenzo Cotrozzi; Mariagrazia Tonelli; Giacomo Lorenzini; Cristina Nali; Elisa Pellegrini. 2021. "Ozone as eustress for enhancing secondary metabolites and bioactive properties in Salvia officinalis." Industrial Crops and Products 170, no. : 113730.

Journal article
Published: 19 June 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Folk medicine uses wild herbs, especially from the Lamiaceae family, such as oregano and lavender, in the treatment of many diseases. In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Origanum glandulosum Desf. and Lavandula dentata L. against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. The chemical composition of essential oils and their effect on the ultrastructure of the tested bacteria and on the release of cellular components that absorb at 260 nm were studied. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and the production of reactive oxygen species in human lymphocytes treated with essential oils were evaluated. Thymol (33.2%) was the major constituent in O. glandulosum, and β-pinene (17.3%) was the major constituent in L. dentata. We observed ultrastructural damage in bacteria and increased release of cellular material. Furthermore, ROS production in human lymphocytes treated with essential oils was lower than in untreated lymphocytes and no cytotoxicity was observed. Therefore, the essential oils of lavender and oregano could be used as a source of natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents with potential pharmacological applications.

ACS Style

Chahla Benbrahim; Mohammed Barka; Adriana Basile; Viviana Maresca; Guido Flamini; Sergio Sorbo; Federica Carraturo; Rosaria Notariale; Marina Piscopo; Abdelmounaim Khadir; Asma Zatout; Sara Mechaala. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Oregano and Lavender Essential Oils. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 5688 .

AMA Style

Chahla Benbrahim, Mohammed Barka, Adriana Basile, Viviana Maresca, Guido Flamini, Sergio Sorbo, Federica Carraturo, Rosaria Notariale, Marina Piscopo, Abdelmounaim Khadir, Asma Zatout, Sara Mechaala. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Oregano and Lavender Essential Oils. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (12):5688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chahla Benbrahim; Mohammed Barka; Adriana Basile; Viviana Maresca; Guido Flamini; Sergio Sorbo; Federica Carraturo; Rosaria Notariale; Marina Piscopo; Abdelmounaim Khadir; Asma Zatout; Sara Mechaala. 2021. "Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Oregano and Lavender Essential Oils." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12: 5688.

Journal article
Published: 27 May 2021 in Coatings
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The purpose of this work was to prepare chitosan–essential oil microcapsules using the simple coacervation method and to graft them onto cellulosic fibers to obtain bio functional textile. The microcapsules morphology was characterized by optical microscopy. The 2D dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea resin (DMDHEU) was used as a binding agent to graft microcapsules on the surface of cellulosic fibers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) photographs and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) analyses were performed to prove the interaction between cellulosic fibers and microcapsules. Furthermore, the properties of the different fabrics such as mechanical strength and air permeability were investigated. Furthermore, washing durability was evaluated. Finally, the antibacterial activity of the finished fibers against the strains Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated. The results evidence the ability of treated fabrics to induce bacteria growth inhibition. The coacervation method is a simple process to incorporate cinnamon essential oil on the cellulosic fiber’s surface. The use of essential oils as active agents seems to be a promising tool for many protective textile substrates such as antimicrobial masks, bacteriostatic fabrics and healthcare textiles.

ACS Style

Aicha Bouaziz; Dorra Dridi; Sondes Gargoubi; Abir Zouari; Hatem Majdoub; Chedly Boudokhane; Aghleb Bartegi. Study on the Grafting of Chitosan-Essential Oil Microcapsules onto Cellulosic Fibers to Obtain Bio Functional Material. Coatings 2021, 11, 637 .

AMA Style

Aicha Bouaziz, Dorra Dridi, Sondes Gargoubi, Abir Zouari, Hatem Majdoub, Chedly Boudokhane, Aghleb Bartegi. Study on the Grafting of Chitosan-Essential Oil Microcapsules onto Cellulosic Fibers to Obtain Bio Functional Material. Coatings. 2021; 11 (6):637.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aicha Bouaziz; Dorra Dridi; Sondes Gargoubi; Abir Zouari; Hatem Majdoub; Chedly Boudokhane; Aghleb Bartegi. 2021. "Study on the Grafting of Chitosan-Essential Oil Microcapsules onto Cellulosic Fibers to Obtain Bio Functional Material." Coatings 11, no. 6: 637.

Short communication
Published: 27 May 2021 in Natural Product Research
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The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Salvia aegyptiaca L. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in pre-Saharan region of Algeria, was analysed by GC-MS. Forty-one compounds were detected, representing 87.9% of the whole oil. The essential oil of S. aegyptiaca is characterized by the predominance of monoterpene derivatives (70.6%). The major constituents were tricyclene (22.9%), followed by limonene (17.5%), β-pinene (7.4%), caryophyllene oxide (3.2%) and β-caryophyllene (3.1%). Tricyclene, the main component in our analysis is generally absent in the volatile oils from other Salvia species, therefore, the Algerian accession of S. aegyptiaca may be categorized as a new chemo-type. Graphical Abstract

ACS Style

Smaili Tahar; Hamdi Bendif; Abdelghani Zedam; Guido Flamini; Filippo Maggi. A new chemotype with high tricyclene content from the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L. growing in Algerian Pre-Sahara. Natural Product Research 2021, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Smaili Tahar, Hamdi Bendif, Abdelghani Zedam, Guido Flamini, Filippo Maggi. A new chemotype with high tricyclene content from the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L. growing in Algerian Pre-Sahara. Natural Product Research. 2021; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Smaili Tahar; Hamdi Bendif; Abdelghani Zedam; Guido Flamini; Filippo Maggi. 2021. "A new chemotype with high tricyclene content from the essential oil of Salvia aegyptiaca L. growing in Algerian Pre-Sahara." Natural Product Research , no. : 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 24 May 2021 in South African Journal of Botany
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The aim of this work is to analyze the chemical composition of Cymbopogon citratus, Salvia officinalis and Origanum majorana essential oils (EO) and evaluate their repellent effects on economically significant aphid species. The hydrodistillation yields of the plant's aerial parts were 0.45%, 0.32% and 0.25% for O. majorana, S. officinalis and C. citratus respectively. Chemical analysis by GC-MS identified 87.6%, 100% and 97% of C. citratus, S. officinalis and O. majorana chemical composition respectively. S. officinalis EO was mainly composed of α-thujone (25.7%) and camphor (18.4%), while C. citratus EO major compounds were neral (26.4%) and geranial (30.6%). Finally, O. majorana EO was principally constituted of 4-terpineol (38.7%). Then, the repellency potential of these EO was assessed in vitro on Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis spiraecola and Aphis fabae. In vitro bioassays showed that 2 µL of the three EO were insufficiently repellent on all aphid species during the surveyed period. However, at 120 min, 5 µL EO repellencies were variable from repellent to very repellent depending on the EO and aphid species. Interestingly, 5 µL of O. majorana EO were very repellent for M. persicae and A. fabae after 120 min. Furthermore, in vivo repellency bioassays of 5 µL O. majorana EO were carried out for M. persicae and A. fabae. After 120 min, results showed a statistically higher repellency on M. persicae (repellent) compared to A. fabae (moderately repellent). The in vivo RT50 and RT90 of 5 µL O. majorana EO for M. persicae were 54.68 min and 131.26 min respectively, while A. fabae recorded RT50 of 107.93 min and RT90 of 287.24 min. Both in vitro and in vivo bioassays demonstrated that the tested EO repellencies never decreased over the investigated periods. These results suggest that the studied EO can be used as botanical repellents against these aphid species.

ACS Style

Wafa Khaled-Gasmi; Amel Ben Hamouda; Ikbal Chaieb; Rabha Souissi; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Sonia Boukhris-Bouhachem. Natural repellents based on three botanical species essential oils as an eco-friendly approach against aphids. South African Journal of Botany 2021, 141, 133 -141.

AMA Style

Wafa Khaled-Gasmi, Amel Ben Hamouda, Ikbal Chaieb, Rabha Souissi, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Sonia Boukhris-Bouhachem. Natural repellents based on three botanical species essential oils as an eco-friendly approach against aphids. South African Journal of Botany. 2021; 141 ():133-141.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wafa Khaled-Gasmi; Amel Ben Hamouda; Ikbal Chaieb; Rabha Souissi; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Sonia Boukhris-Bouhachem. 2021. "Natural repellents based on three botanical species essential oils as an eco-friendly approach against aphids." South African Journal of Botany 141, no. : 133-141.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2021 in Foods
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This research aimed to explore the feasibility of fortifying bread with cooked Vitelotte potato powder and Citrus albedo, comparing the use of baker’s yeast or sourdough as leavening agents. Breads obtained were thus subjected to physico-chemical and sensory characterizations. The replacement of part of the wheat flour with purple potato and albedo determined a significant enhancement of the phenolic profile and antioxidant status of fortified breads, as well as a longer shelf life. Thanks to its acidity and antimicrobial activity, sourdough improved the levels of health-promoting compounds and stability. Both the fortification and the leavening agent deeply affected the organoleptic, expression, and the aroma profile, of the fortified bread. Interestingly, albedo addition, despite its effectiveness in boosting the phenolic profile, determined a higher perception of aftertaste and bitterness, irrespective of the leavening agent. Based on these results, the use of purple potatoes and Citrus albedo, if properly formulated, could represent a valuable strategy for the development of high-quality products, with longer shelf-life.

ACS Style

Isabella Taglieri; Chiara Sanmartin; Francesca Venturi; Monica Macaluso; Alessandro Bianchi; Cristina Sgherri; Mike Quartacci; Marinella De Leo; Luisa Pistelli; Fabrizio Palla; Guido Flamini; Angela Zinnai. Bread Fortified with Cooked Purple Potato Flour and Citrus Albedo: An Evaluation of Its Compositional and Sensorial Properties. Foods 2021, 10, 942 .

AMA Style

Isabella Taglieri, Chiara Sanmartin, Francesca Venturi, Monica Macaluso, Alessandro Bianchi, Cristina Sgherri, Mike Quartacci, Marinella De Leo, Luisa Pistelli, Fabrizio Palla, Guido Flamini, Angela Zinnai. Bread Fortified with Cooked Purple Potato Flour and Citrus Albedo: An Evaluation of Its Compositional and Sensorial Properties. Foods. 2021; 10 (5):942.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isabella Taglieri; Chiara Sanmartin; Francesca Venturi; Monica Macaluso; Alessandro Bianchi; Cristina Sgherri; Mike Quartacci; Marinella De Leo; Luisa Pistelli; Fabrizio Palla; Guido Flamini; Angela Zinnai. 2021. "Bread Fortified with Cooked Purple Potato Flour and Citrus Albedo: An Evaluation of Its Compositional and Sensorial Properties." Foods 10, no. 5: 942.

Research paper
Published: 20 March 2021 in Plant Biology
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Within the Open Science project entitled “Botanic Garden, factory of molecules”, a multidisciplinary study approach was applied on Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth., preserved at the Ghirardi Botanic Garden (Toscolano Maderno, BS, Italy). Micromorphological, histochemical, and phytochemical investigations were conducted on the vegetative and reproductive organs. For the first time, this survey reported the histochemical assays and the ultrastructural observations on the secreting structures, as well as the characterization of the volatiles spontaneously emitted from leaves and flowers. Four trichome morphotypes were identified: peltate and short‐stalked, medium‐stalked, and long‐stalked capitate trichomes, each with a peculiar distribution pattern. The histochemical analysis was confirmed by the ultrastructural observations, with the peltates and long‐stalked capitates as the main sites responsible for terpene production. The head‐space characterization revealed that sesquiterpene hydrocarbons prevailed both in leaves and flowers, with γ‐muurolene, β‐caryophyllene, and (E)‐nerolidol as the most abundant compounds. Moreover, a comparison with literature data concerning the ecological roles of the main compounds suggested a dominant defensive action both at the leaf and flower level. Therefore, we correlated the trichome morphotypes with the production of secondary metabolites, in the attempt to link these data to their potential ecological meanings. Finally, we made the obtained scientific knowledge available to the visitors of the Botanic Garden through the realization of a new labelling dedicated to B. acetabulosa that highlights the “invisible”, microscopic features of the plant.

ACS Style

Claudia Giuliani; Martina Bottoni; Roberta Ascrizzi; Fabrizia Milani; Sara Falsini; Alessio Papini; Guido Flamini; Gelsomina Fico. Micromorphological and phytochemical survey of Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth. Plant Biology 2021, 23, 643 -652.

AMA Style

Claudia Giuliani, Martina Bottoni, Roberta Ascrizzi, Fabrizia Milani, Sara Falsini, Alessio Papini, Guido Flamini, Gelsomina Fico. Micromorphological and phytochemical survey of Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth. Plant Biology. 2021; 23 (4):643-652.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudia Giuliani; Martina Bottoni; Roberta Ascrizzi; Fabrizia Milani; Sara Falsini; Alessio Papini; Guido Flamini; Gelsomina Fico. 2021. "Micromorphological and phytochemical survey of Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth." Plant Biology 23, no. 4: 643-652.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2021 in Journal of Ethnopharmacology
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Hippocratea africana root is used in African folk medicine for the treatment of several ailments, including pain and inflammation. To isolate anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds from the roots of H. africana, with accompanying antioxidant potentials. Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of H. africana roots, and isolated compounds from the bioactive ethyl acetate fraction were evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using the xylene induced oedema in mice and thermal induced pain models, respectively. The antioxidant potentials of isolated compounds were tested in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. Structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, ionization mass spectrometry, and comparison with literature data. Isoathyriol (1,3,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone) and norathyriol (1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone) were isolated from the potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic ethyl acetate fraction of H. africana roots. Isoathyriol and norathyriol demonstrated good anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties compared with the standards used in each assay. This study substantiates the use of H. africana root extract in the alleviation of inflammation and pain, and reports the characterization of secondary metabolites in H. africana and for the first time the presence of xanthones in Hippocratea genus.

ACS Style

Uwemedimo F. Umoh; Paul S. Thomas; Emmanuel E. Essien; Jude E. Okokon; Marinella De Leo; Kola’ K. Ajibesin; Guido Flamini; Olorunfemi A. Eseyin. Isolation and characterization of bioactive xanthones from Hippocratea africana (Willd.)Loes.ex Engl. (Celastraceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2021, 280, 114031 .

AMA Style

Uwemedimo F. Umoh, Paul S. Thomas, Emmanuel E. Essien, Jude E. Okokon, Marinella De Leo, Kola’ K. Ajibesin, Guido Flamini, Olorunfemi A. Eseyin. Isolation and characterization of bioactive xanthones from Hippocratea africana (Willd.)Loes.ex Engl. (Celastraceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2021; 280 ():114031.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Uwemedimo F. Umoh; Paul S. Thomas; Emmanuel E. Essien; Jude E. Okokon; Marinella De Leo; Kola’ K. Ajibesin; Guido Flamini; Olorunfemi A. Eseyin. 2021. "Isolation and characterization of bioactive xanthones from Hippocratea africana (Willd.)Loes.ex Engl. (Celastraceae)." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 280, no. : 114031.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2021 in Grasas y Aceites
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In this preliminary study, two non-filtered virgin olive oils (one freshly produced VOO-N; one VOO-O stored for one year) were subjected to moisture removal with mineral clay (raw or activated) and analyses were performed to attest possible effects on the quality of the product. The results demonstrated that the treatment of oil with mineral clay at 36-38 °C had no negative effect on the basic quality parameters or on the volatile comound profile. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the water amount as well as in pigments was observed in the samples subjected to this kind of treatment, in particular with raw clay. Regarding the colour measurement, the lightness (L) as well as the consumers’ acceptability exhibited a marked increase when oils were treated with raw clay.

ACS Style

M. Issaoui; M. Mosbahi; S. Barbieri; G. Flamini; A. Bendini; R. Ascrizzi; T. Gallina Toschi; M. Hammami. Preliminary investigation of possible effects of mineral clay treatment applied to oils produced from olives: focus on moisture removal and compositional changes. Grasas y Aceites 2021, 72, e392 .

AMA Style

M. Issaoui, M. Mosbahi, S. Barbieri, G. Flamini, A. Bendini, R. Ascrizzi, T. Gallina Toschi, M. Hammami. Preliminary investigation of possible effects of mineral clay treatment applied to oils produced from olives: focus on moisture removal and compositional changes. Grasas y Aceites. 2021; 72 (1):e392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Issaoui; M. Mosbahi; S. Barbieri; G. Flamini; A. Bendini; R. Ascrizzi; T. Gallina Toschi; M. Hammami. 2021. "Preliminary investigation of possible effects of mineral clay treatment applied to oils produced from olives: focus on moisture removal and compositional changes." Grasas y Aceites 72, no. 1: e392.

Communication
Published: 19 February 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Plants of the Daucus genus (Apiaceae) are used worldwide as traditional medicines or culinary ingredients. In this work, in order to explore a new chemotype, the essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Daucus reboudii Coss., collected from the National Park of Gouraya (Bejaïa, Algeria), was analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-eight compounds were identified, accounting for 96.6% of the total oil. (E)-anethol was the main constituent (59.4%), followed by estragol (21.2%) and dodecanal (4.4%). (E)-anethol is an uncommon constituent of Daucus genus, hence it could be considered as a marker that contributes to differentiating D. reboudii from other species. Metal chelating, ABTS•+ and DPPH• assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity. The highest activity was revealed by the DPPH• method, where D. reboudii essential oil showed a significantly higher activity compared to the reference standard BHT at doses of 50 and 100 µg/mL. Results suggest that the essential oil from D. reboudii could have a potential use in the food industry as food preservative. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to assess its applicability, and to elucidate also the composition of non-volatile compounds of this plant.

ACS Style

Tahar Smaili; Hamdi Bendif; Mehmet Öztürk; Guido Flamini; Gregorio Peron. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil from Daucus reboudii Coss., an Endemic Plant of Algeria. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 1843 .

AMA Style

Tahar Smaili, Hamdi Bendif, Mehmet Öztürk, Guido Flamini, Gregorio Peron. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil from Daucus reboudii Coss., an Endemic Plant of Algeria. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (4):1843.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tahar Smaili; Hamdi Bendif; Mehmet Öztürk; Guido Flamini; Gregorio Peron. 2021. "Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil from Daucus reboudii Coss., an Endemic Plant of Algeria." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4: 1843.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2021 in Molecules
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The aim of the present research was to determine the chemical composition and the cytotoxic effects of Tetraclinis articulata trunk bark essential oil (HEE) obtained by steam distillation and five fractions obtained by normal phase silica chromatographic separation. Chemical analysis allowed the identification of 54 known compounds. Relatively high amounts of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (44.4–70.2%) were detected, mainly consisting of caryophyllene oxide (13.1–26.6%), carotol (9.2–21.2%),14-hydroxy-9-epi-(E)-caryophyllene (3.2–15.5%) and humulene epoxide II (2.6–7.2%). The cytotoxic activity against human mammary carcinoma cell lines (MDA-MB-231) and colorectal carcinoma cell lines (SW620) of the essential oil and its fractions were assessed. All the samples displayed moderate to weak activity compared to 5-fluorouracil. The colorectal carcinoma cell line was relatively more sensitive to the essential oil and its fractions compared to the breast cancer cell line, showing IC50 values from 25.7 to 96.5 μg/mL. In addition, the essential oil and its fraction E.2 revealed a cytotoxic activity against colorectal carcinoma cell line, with IC50 values lower than 30 μg/mL. This is the first report on the chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of the trunk bark essential oil of T. articulata.

ACS Style

Salma Jlizi; Aida Lahmar; Afifa Zardi-Bergaoui; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Abdel Harrath; Leila Chekir-Ghedira; Hichem Ben Jannet. Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of the Fractionated Trunk Bark Essential Oil from Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. Growing in Tunisia. Molecules 2021, 26, 1110 .

AMA Style

Salma Jlizi, Aida Lahmar, Afifa Zardi-Bergaoui, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini, Abdel Harrath, Leila Chekir-Ghedira, Hichem Ben Jannet. Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of the Fractionated Trunk Bark Essential Oil from Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. Growing in Tunisia. Molecules. 2021; 26 (4):1110.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salma Jlizi; Aida Lahmar; Afifa Zardi-Bergaoui; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini; Abdel Harrath; Leila Chekir-Ghedira; Hichem Ben Jannet. 2021. "Chemical Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of the Fractionated Trunk Bark Essential Oil from Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. Growing in Tunisia." Molecules 26, no. 4: 1110.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2021 in Foods
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Microgreens are the seedlings of herbs and vegetables which are harvested at the development stage of their two cotyledonary leaves, or sometimes at the emergence of their rudimentary first pair of true leaves. They are functional foods, the consumption of which is steadily increasing due to their high nutritional value. The species of the Brassicaceae family are good sources of bioactive compounds, with a favorable nutritional profile. The present study analyzed some phytochemical compounds with nutritional values, such as chlorophylls, polyphenols, carotenoids, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, total and reducing sugars, and the antioxidant activity of five Brassicaceae species: broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.), daikon (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus (L.) Domin), mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), rocket salad (Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.), and watercress (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.). Broccoli had the highest polyphenol, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, as well as a good antioxidant ability. Mustard was characterized by high ascorbic acid and total sugar contents. By contrast, rocket salad exhibited the lowest antioxidant content and activity. The essential oil (EO) composition of all of these species was determined in order to identify their profile and isothiocyanates content, which are compounds with many reported health benefits. Isothiocyanates were the most abundant group in broccoli (4-pentenyl isothiocyanate), mustard (allyl isothiocyanate), and watercress (benzyl isothiocyanate) EOs, while rocket salad and daikon exhibited higher contents of monoterpene hydrocarbons (myrcene) and oxygenated diterpenes (phytol), respectively. Broccoli microgreens exhibited the overall best nutritional profile, appearing as the most promising species to be consumed as a functional food among those analyzed.

ACS Style

Ilaria Marchioni; Marco Martinelli; Roberta Ascrizzi; Costanza Gabbrielli; Guido Flamini; Luisa Pistelli; Laura Pistelli. Small Functional Foods: Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Analyses of Five Microgreens of the Brassicaceae Family. Foods 2021, 10, 427 .

AMA Style

Ilaria Marchioni, Marco Martinelli, Roberta Ascrizzi, Costanza Gabbrielli, Guido Flamini, Luisa Pistelli, Laura Pistelli. Small Functional Foods: Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Analyses of Five Microgreens of the Brassicaceae Family. Foods. 2021; 10 (2):427.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ilaria Marchioni; Marco Martinelli; Roberta Ascrizzi; Costanza Gabbrielli; Guido Flamini; Luisa Pistelli; Laura Pistelli. 2021. "Small Functional Foods: Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Analyses of Five Microgreens of the Brassicaceae Family." Foods 10, no. 2: 427.

Journal article
Published: 11 February 2021 in Molecules
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Arabian flora is a rich source of bioactive compounds. In this study, we investigated three aromatic plant species with the aim of finding valuable sources of antimicrobial agents against common pathogenic microorganisms. We focused especially on microorganisms, which cause outbreaks of infectious disease during mass gatherings and pilgrimages season in Saudi Arabia. The essential oils of three aromatic plant species were hydrodistilled from flowering aerial parts of Lavandula pubescens Decne. and Pulicaria incisa subsp. candolleana E.Gamal-Eldin, and from leaves, stems, ripe and unripe fruits of Juniperus procera Hochst. Ex Endl. They were subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main constituents of L. pubescens were found to be carvacrol (55.7%), methyl carvacrol (13.4%), and β-bisabolene (9.1%). P. incisa subsp. Candolleana essential oil was rich in linalool (33.0%), chrysanthenone (10.3%), eugenol (8.9%), and cis-chrysanthenol (8.0%); the major components of J. procera essential oil were α-pinene (31.3–62.5%) and δ-3-carene (7.3–30.3%). These essential oils were tested against thirteen American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar diffusion assay. The only effective essential oil was that of L. pubescens and the most sensitive strains were Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonnei, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Carvacrol, the major constituent of L. pubescens, was tested on these strains and was compared with vancomycin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays of L. pubescens essential oil and carvacrol revealed that Gram-negative strains were more susceptible than the Gram-positive ones.

ACS Style

Hamdi El-Said; Sami Ashgar; Ammar Bader; Aljawharah AlQathama; Majed Halwani; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini. Essential Oil Analysis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Three Aromatic Plant Species Growing in Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2021, 26, 959 .

AMA Style

Hamdi El-Said, Sami Ashgar, Ammar Bader, Aljawharah AlQathama, Majed Halwani, Roberta Ascrizzi, Guido Flamini. Essential Oil Analysis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Three Aromatic Plant Species Growing in Saudi Arabia. Molecules. 2021; 26 (4):959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hamdi El-Said; Sami Ashgar; Ammar Bader; Aljawharah AlQathama; Majed Halwani; Roberta Ascrizzi; Guido Flamini. 2021. "Essential Oil Analysis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Three Aromatic Plant Species Growing in Saudi Arabia." Molecules 26, no. 4: 959.

Short communication
Published: 18 January 2021 in Natural Product Research
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Elaeoselinum thapsioides is an Algerian medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) Maire (Apiaceae) growing wild in Algeria, was analyzed by GC-MS for the first time. Forty-five compounds were detected, accounting for 93.8% of the total oil, which was characterized by a high content of hydrocarbons derivatives of monoterpenes (75.9%). Myrcene (61.0%) was the principal constituent of the essential oil, followed by germacrene D (10.3%), α-pinene (6.5%) and β-pinene (2.9%). In vitro anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil was investigated by the Ellman method that evidenced a low acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effect. Graphical Abstract

ACS Style

Tahar Smaili; Hamdi Bendif; Mehmet Öztürk; Mehmet Emin Duru; Guido Flamini; Filippo Maggi. Chemical constituents and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of Algerian Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) maire. Natural Product Research 2021, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Tahar Smaili, Hamdi Bendif, Mehmet Öztürk, Mehmet Emin Duru, Guido Flamini, Filippo Maggi. Chemical constituents and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of Algerian Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) maire. Natural Product Research. 2021; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tahar Smaili; Hamdi Bendif; Mehmet Öztürk; Mehmet Emin Duru; Guido Flamini; Filippo Maggi. 2021. "Chemical constituents and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil of Algerian Elaeoselinum thapsioides (Desf.) maire." Natural Product Research , no. : 1-6.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2021 in European Journal of Integrative Medicine
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Different strategies are applicable to protect skin against the harmful effects which may appear due to an overexposure to UV radiation including the use of sunscreens. Natural polyphenols have shown an interesting activity as photoprotectors. This study aimed to assess the potentiality of a Tunisian halophyte plant, Carpobrotus edulis L. (CE) as a candidate for topical photoprotection. A phytochemical characterization of CE aqueous leaf extract was processed by quantification of total polyphenols and flavonoids contents as well as by FT-IR, UV and LC-MS analysis. The plant extract was, then, incorporated into an oil-in-water (O/W) cream and assessed for its in vitro antioxidant properties and sun protection factor (SPF). Phytochemical characterization highlighted the richness of the aqueous extract in polyphenols. LC-MS analysis permitted the identification of 20 phenolic compounds. Catechin, procyanidin B2, dihydromyricetin and syringetin-3-O-rutinoside were the most predominant components (19.39%, 16.04%, 12.85% and 14.28% respectively). UV spectrophotometric analyses showed that CE extract absorbed in the UV region (190–400 nm). C.E crude extract exhibited, at the concentration of 1000 µg/ml, a high photoprotective effect with a SPF value of 6.996 ± 0.174 corresponding to a percent of UV blockage ranging from 80 to 90%. Besides, when it was incorporated into an O/W emulsion at a concentration of 10% (m/m), it presented a good antioxidant activity (DPPH inhibition (%) ≈ 70%) and an in vitro SPF value of 1.626 ± 0.466 corresponding to a percent of UV blockage ≈50%. These results suggest that Carpobrotus edulis L. could be a good topical photoprotective agent.

ACS Style

Mohamed Ali Lassoued; Nour El Houda Ben Fatma; Mariem Haj Romdhane; Adel Faidi; Hatem Majdoub; Souad Sfar. Photoprotective potential of a Tunisian halophyte plant Carpobrotus edulis L. European Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021, 42, 101286 .

AMA Style

Mohamed Ali Lassoued, Nour El Houda Ben Fatma, Mariem Haj Romdhane, Adel Faidi, Hatem Majdoub, Souad Sfar. Photoprotective potential of a Tunisian halophyte plant Carpobrotus edulis L. European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2021; 42 ():101286.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed Ali Lassoued; Nour El Houda Ben Fatma; Mariem Haj Romdhane; Adel Faidi; Hatem Majdoub; Souad Sfar. 2021. "Photoprotective potential of a Tunisian halophyte plant Carpobrotus edulis L." European Journal of Integrative Medicine 42, no. : 101286.