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Geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures have been used extensively in recent decades due to their significant advantages over more conventional earth retaining structures, including the cost-effectiveness, reduced construction time, and possibility of using locally-available lower quality soils and/or waste materials, such as recycled construction and demolition (C&D) wastes. The time-dependent shear behaviour at the interfaces between the geosynthetic and the backfill is an important factor affecting the overall long-term performance of such structures, and thereby should be properly understood. In this study, an innovative multistage direct shear test procedure is introduced to characterise the time-dependent response of the interface between a high-strength geotextile and a recycled C&D material. After a prescribed shear displacement is reached, the shear box is kept stationary for a specific period of time, after which the test proceeds again, at a constant displacement rate, until the peak and large-displacement shear strengths are mobilised. The shear stress-shear displacement curves from the proposed multistage tests exhibited a progressive decrease in shear stress with time (stress relaxation) during the period in which the shear box was restrained from any movement, which was more pronounced under lower normal stress values. Regardless of the prior interface shear displacement and duration of the stress relaxation stage, the peak and residual shear strength parameters of the C&D material-geotextile interface remained similar to those obtained from the conventional (benchmark) tests carried out under constant displacement rate.
Fernanda Ferreira; Paulo Pereira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. Time-Dependent Response of a Recycled C&D Material-Geotextile Interface under Direct Shear Mode. Materials 2021, 14, 3070 .
AMA StyleFernanda Ferreira, Paulo Pereira, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes. Time-Dependent Response of a Recycled C&D Material-Geotextile Interface under Direct Shear Mode. Materials. 2021; 14 (11):3070.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernanda Ferreira; Paulo Pereira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. 2021. "Time-Dependent Response of a Recycled C&D Material-Geotextile Interface under Direct Shear Mode." Materials 14, no. 11: 3070.
COVID-19 is proving to be an unprecedented disaster for human health, social contacts, and the economy worldwide. It is evident that the SARS-CoV-2 may spread through municipal solid waste (MSW), if collected, bagged, handled, transported, or disposed of inapproprately. Under the stress placed by the current pandemic on the sanitary performance across all MSW management (MSWM) chains, this industry needs to re-examine its infrastructure resilience with respect to all processes, from waste identification, classification, collection, separation, storage, transportation, recycling, treatment, and disposal. The current paper provides an overview of the severe challenges placed by COVID-19 onto MSW systems, highlighting the essential role of waste management (WM) in public health protection during the ongoing pandemic. It also discusses the measures issued by various international organisations and countries for protection of MSWM employees (MSWEs), identifying gaps, especially for developing countries, where personal protection equipment (PPE) and clear guidelines to MSWEs may not have been provided, and the general public may not be well informed. In countries with high recycling rates of MSW, the need to protect MSWEs’ health has affected the supply stream of the recycling industry. The article concludes with recommendations for the MSW industry operating under public health crisis conditions.
Magdalena Daria Vaverková; Evan K Paleologos; Andrea Dominijanni; Eugeniusz Koda; Chao-Sheng Tang; Wdowska Małgorzata; Qi Li; Nicolò Guarena; Abdel-Mohsen O Mohamed; Castorina S Vieira; Mario Manassero; Brendan C O’Kelly; QiFeng Xie; Myint Win Bo; Dana Adamcová; Anna Podlasek; Uday M Anand; Arif Mohammad; Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli; Ganaraj Kuntikana; Ennio M Palmeira; Shalu Pathak; Devendra Narain Singh. Municipal solid waste management under Covid-19: challenges and recommendations. Environmental Geotechnics 2021, 8, 217 -232.
AMA StyleMagdalena Daria Vaverková, Evan K Paleologos, Andrea Dominijanni, Eugeniusz Koda, Chao-Sheng Tang, Wdowska Małgorzata, Qi Li, Nicolò Guarena, Abdel-Mohsen O Mohamed, Castorina S Vieira, Mario Manassero, Brendan C O’Kelly, QiFeng Xie, Myint Win Bo, Dana Adamcová, Anna Podlasek, Uday M Anand, Arif Mohammad, Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli, Ganaraj Kuntikana, Ennio M Palmeira, Shalu Pathak, Devendra Narain Singh. Municipal solid waste management under Covid-19: challenges and recommendations. Environmental Geotechnics. 2021; 8 (3):217-232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagdalena Daria Vaverková; Evan K Paleologos; Andrea Dominijanni; Eugeniusz Koda; Chao-Sheng Tang; Wdowska Małgorzata; Qi Li; Nicolò Guarena; Abdel-Mohsen O Mohamed; Castorina S Vieira; Mario Manassero; Brendan C O’Kelly; QiFeng Xie; Myint Win Bo; Dana Adamcová; Anna Podlasek; Uday M Anand; Arif Mohammad; Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli; Ganaraj Kuntikana; Ennio M Palmeira; Shalu Pathak; Devendra Narain Singh. 2021. "Municipal solid waste management under Covid-19: challenges and recommendations." Environmental Geotechnics 8, no. 3: 217-232.
This work aims to study the influence of using construction and demolition waste in the replacement of coarse and fine aggregate to produce recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). A moderate compressive strength concrete made with usual fine and coarse aggregate was used as a benchmark material. Compressive and split tensile tests were performed using 120 cylindrical concrete specimens with 150 mm diameter and 300 mm length. Four-point flexural tests in reinforced beams made with conventional concrete and RAC were performed. The results obtained showed that the use of recycled fine aggregates, in both percentages of substitution investigated—50% and 100%—did not generate any deleterious influence on the values of compressive strength and split tensile strength of the RACs produced. Tin fact, the mechanical strengths of RACs produced with recycled fine aggregate were equal or higher than those from the reference concrete. The same behavior was not observed, however, when the recycled coarse aggregate was used. For this case, decreases in concrete mechanical strengths were observed, especially in compressive strength, with values around 35% lower when compared to the reference concrete. Tensile mechanical tests results confirmed the excellent behavior of all RACs made with replacement of usual fine aggregates by recycled. Bending tests performed in reinforced RAC beams had as objective to evaluate the deformation profile of the beams. The obtained results showed that RAC beams with full replacement of usual fine aggregate by the recycled aggregates have presented little changes in the global behavior, an aspect that encourages its use.
Fernando Silva; João Delgado; António Azevedo; António Lima; Castorina Vieira. Preliminary Analysis of the Use of Construction Waste to Replace Conventional Aggregates in Concrete. Buildings 2021, 11, 81 .
AMA StyleFernando Silva, João Delgado, António Azevedo, António Lima, Castorina Vieira. Preliminary Analysis of the Use of Construction Waste to Replace Conventional Aggregates in Concrete. Buildings. 2021; 11 (3):81.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Silva; João Delgado; António Azevedo; António Lima; Castorina Vieira. 2021. "Preliminary Analysis of the Use of Construction Waste to Replace Conventional Aggregates in Concrete." Buildings 11, no. 3: 81.
Designing and building structures and infrastructures with alternative and environmentally friendly materials is, nowadays, an important step towards a more sustainable society. Recycled Construction and Demolition (C&D) materials have been considered as alternative materials in different civil engineering applications, such as unbound pavement layers and structural embankments, in which geosynthetics are also frequently applied. If the durability of geosynthetics is an important issue when conventional materials are used, it becomes more relevant when utilising alternative materials. This paper presents and discusses the chemical and environmental degradation induced by a recycled C&D material on the short-term tensile behaviour of three geosynthetics used typically as reinforcement material (two geogrids and a high-strength geotextile), after 24 months of exposure. For comparison purposes, geosynthetics samples were also exposed to a natural soil. The physical and environmental characterization of the recycled C&D material are presented and the tensile behaviour of intact (as-received) samples, immediately exhumed samples and exhumed samples after 24 months of exposure are characterized and discussed. To evaluate the potential damage in more detail, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses were carried out. Regardless of the geosynthetic type and exposure condition, the geosynthetic’s tensile strength decreased after 24-month exposure. This loss of tensile strength was insignificant for the high density polyethylene geogrid and higher for the geotextile. The effect of exposing the geosynthetics to the recycled C&D material for 24 months had some relevance only for geotextile. For both geogrids, the loss of strength for the specimens immediately exhumed and exposed through 24 months is comparable. In general, the exposure to the recycled C&D material or to the soil induced similar effects.
Castorina Silva Vieira; Paulo M. Pereira. Short-term tensile behaviour of three geosynthetics after exposure to Recycled Construction and Demolition materials. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 273, 122031 .
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira, Paulo M. Pereira. Short-term tensile behaviour of three geosynthetics after exposure to Recycled Construction and Demolition materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 273 ():122031.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira; Paulo M. Pereira. 2020. "Short-term tensile behaviour of three geosynthetics after exposure to Recycled Construction and Demolition materials." Construction and Building Materials 273, no. : 122031.
In recent years, environmental concerns related to the overexploitation of natural resources and the need to manage large amounts of wastes arising from construction activities have intensified the pressure on the civil engineering industry to adopt sustainable waste recycling and valorisation measures. The use of recycled construction and demolition (C&D) wastes as alternative backfill for geosynthetic-reinforced structures may significantly contribute towards sustainable civil infrastructure development. This paper presents a laboratory study carried out to characterise the interaction between a fine-grained C&D material and two different geogrids (a polyester (PET) geogrid and an extruded uniaxial high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geogrid) through a series of large-scale pullout tests. The effects of the geogrid specimen size, displacement rate and vertical confining pressure on the pullout resistance of the geogrids are evaluated and discussed, aiming to assess whether they are in line with the current knowledge about the pullout resistance of geogrids embedded in soils. Test results have shown that the measured peak pullout resistance of the geogrid increases with the specimen size, imposed displacement rate and confining pressure. However, the pullout interaction coefficient has exhibited the opposite trend with the specimen size and confining pressure. The pullout interaction coefficients ranged from 0.79 and 1.57 and were generally greater than or equal to the values reported in the literature for soil-geogrid and recycled material-geogrid interfaces.
Castorina Silva Vieira; Paulo Pereira; Fernanda Ferreira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout Behaviour of Geogrids Embedded in a Recycled Construction and Demolition Material. Effects of Specimen Size and Displacement Rate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3825 .
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira, Paulo Pereira, Fernanda Ferreira, Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout Behaviour of Geogrids Embedded in a Recycled Construction and Demolition Material. Effects of Specimen Size and Displacement Rate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira; Paulo Pereira; Fernanda Ferreira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. 2020. "Pullout Behaviour of Geogrids Embedded in a Recycled Construction and Demolition Material. Effects of Specimen Size and Displacement Rate." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3825.
In recent years, the use of construction and demolition (C&D) materials as alternative aggregates in geotechnical engineering applications, such as embankments, pavement subbase layers and geosynthetic-reinforced structures has raised increasing attention from researchers and practitioners worldwide. On the other hand, geosynthetics, particularly geogrids and high strength geotextiles, are used as a reinforcement material in some of those applications. When these infrastructures are subjected to repeated loadings (e.g. traffic, wave and seismic loads), the understanding of the interaction properties at the backfill-geosynthetic interfaces under cyclic loading conditions is of primary interest. This paper describes an experimental study carried out using a large-scale pullout test apparatus to assess the load-strain-displacement behaviour of two geosynthetics embedded in a recycled C&D material under cyclic and post-cyclic loading conditions. Test results show that cyclic loading can measurably reduce the post-cyclic pullout resistance of the geotextile (up to 15%), when compared to that obtained from the benchmark monotonic test. Conversely, the cyclic loading did not significantly influence the pullout resistance of the geogrid. The cumulative cyclic displacements over the length of the geosynthetics were found to increase with the load amplitude and the pre-cyclic pullout load level. Moreover, under identical test conditions, the accumulated cyclic deformations along the geotextile length consistently exceeded those for the geogrid, possibly due to the lower tensile stiffness of the geotextile at low strains.
Castorina S. Vieira; Fernanda B. Ferreira; Paulo M. Pereira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout behaviour of geosynthetics in a recycled construction and demolition material – Effects of cyclic loading. Transportation Geotechnics 2020, 23, 100346 .
AMA StyleCastorina S. Vieira, Fernanda B. Ferreira, Paulo M. Pereira, Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout behaviour of geosynthetics in a recycled construction and demolition material – Effects of cyclic loading. Transportation Geotechnics. 2020; 23 ():100346.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina S. Vieira; Fernanda B. Ferreira; Paulo M. Pereira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. 2020. "Pullout behaviour of geosynthetics in a recycled construction and demolition material – Effects of cyclic loading." Transportation Geotechnics 23, no. : 100346.
Geosynthetics have increasingly been used as reinforcement in permanent earth structures, such as road and railway embankments, steep slopes, retaining walls, and bridge abutments. The understanding of soil-geosynthetic interaction is of primary importance for the safe design of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures, such as those included in transportation infrastructure projects. In this study, the pullout behavior of three different geosynthetics (geogrid, geocomposite reinforcement, and geotextile) embedded in a locally available granite residual soil is assessed through a series of large-scale pullout tests involving different soil moisture and density conditions. Test results show that soil density is a key factor affecting the reinforcement pullout resistance and the failure mode at the interface, regardless of geosynthetic type or soil moisture content. The soil moisture condition may considerably influence the pullout response of the geosynthetics, particularly when the soil is in medium dense state. The geogrid exhibited higher peak pullout resistance than the remaining geosynthetics, which is associated with the significant contribution of the passive resistance mobilized against the geogrid transverse members to the overall pullout capacity of the reinforcement.
Fernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Silva Vieira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout Behavior of Different Geosynthetics—Influence of Soil Density and Moisture Content. Frontiers in Built Environment 2020, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleFernanda Bessa Ferreira, Castorina Silva Vieira, Maria De Lurdes Lopes. Pullout Behavior of Different Geosynthetics—Influence of Soil Density and Moisture Content. Frontiers in Built Environment. 2020; 6 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Silva Vieira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes. 2020. "Pullout Behavior of Different Geosynthetics—Influence of Soil Density and Moisture Content." Frontiers in Built Environment 6, no. : 1.
The understanding of soil-geosynthetic interaction under cyclic loading conditions is essential for the safe design of geosynthetic-reinforced soil structures subjected to repeated loads, such as those induced by road and railway traffic and earthquakes. This paper describes a series of large-scale monotonic and multistage pullout tests carried out to investigate the behaviour of a HDPE uniaxial geogrid embedded in a locally available granite residual soil under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading. The effects of the pullout load level at the start of the cyclic stage, cyclic load frequency and amplitude, number of cycles and soil density on the load-strain-displacement response of the reinforcement are evaluated and discussed. Test results show that the cumulative displacements measured along the length of the geogrid during cyclic loading increased significantly with the pre-cyclic pullout load level and the load amplitude. In contrast, the cumulative cyclic displacements were found to decrease with increasing frequency and soil density. In medium dense soil conditions, the geogrid post-cyclic pullout resistance decreased by up to 20%, with respect to the value obtained in the comparable monotonic test. However, for dense soil, the effect of cyclic loading on the peak pullout forces recorded during the tests was almost negligible.
Fernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes; P. G. Ferreira. HDPE geogrid-residual soil interaction under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading. Geosynthetics International 2020, 27, 79 -96.
AMA StyleFernanda Bessa Ferreira, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes, P. G. Ferreira. HDPE geogrid-residual soil interaction under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading. Geosynthetics International. 2020; 27 (1):79-96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes; P. G. Ferreira. 2020. "HDPE geogrid-residual soil interaction under monotonic and cyclic pullout loading." Geosynthetics International 27, no. 1: 79-96.
In recent years, environmental sustainability concerns associated with over exploitation of natural resources along with the need to manage large volumes of wastes have propelled the development and implementation of waste recycling and valorisation strategies in the construction sector. In particular, Construction and Demolition (C&D) wastes have been recognised by the European Commission as a priority stream due to the large amounts generated in addition to their high potential to be reused and recycled. This paper presents the laboratory characterisation of two recycled aggregates from C&D waste to determine whether they meet the technical requirements established in the Portuguese specification LNEC E484 (2016), which would enable their application in unpaved rural and forest roads. A series of relevant physical, mechanical and chemical properties are evaluated and the fulfilment of the requirements is subsequently examined.
P.M. Pereira; Fernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. Use of recycled C&D wastes in unpaved rural and forest roads – feasibility analysis. Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities III 2019, 161 -167.
AMA StyleP.M. Pereira, Fernanda Bessa Ferreira, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes. Use of recycled C&D wastes in unpaved rural and forest roads – feasibility analysis. Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities III. 2019; ():161-167.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP.M. Pereira; Fernanda Bessa Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. 2019. "Use of recycled C&D wastes in unpaved rural and forest roads – feasibility analysis." Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities III , no. : 161-167.
Current environmental awareness compels all citizens to reduce the production of waste and use recycled materials. Recycled materials coming from construction and demolition (C&D) waste are progressively being used in civil engineering applications, such as base and sub-base layers of transport infrastructures and concrete production. However the fine grain fraction of C&D recycled materials is not considered appropriate for those applications, being frequently landfilled instead of reused. This paper assesses the possibility of using fine grain C&D recycled materials as backfilling of geosynthetic reinforced structures (embankments and retaining walls), replacing the soils typically used in the construction of these structures. The study has involved physical, mechanical and environmental characterization of C&D recycled materials, characterization of the interfaces between the fill material and three geosynthetics, through direct shear and pullout tests, and the evaluation of the potential damages induced by the C&D recycled materials on the short-term tensile behaviour of the geosynthetics. The results presented in this paper support the suitability of using C&D recycled materials in the construction of geosynthetic reinforced structures and thus diminishing our carbon footprint, through the reduction of the environmental impacts induced by C&D waste landfilling and by the extraction of natural aggregates.
Castorina Silva Vieira. Valorization of Fine-Grain Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste in Geosynthetic Reinforced Structures. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2018, 11, 1615 -1626.
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira. Valorization of Fine-Grain Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste in Geosynthetic Reinforced Structures. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2018; 11 (4):1615-1626.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira. 2018. "Valorization of Fine-Grain Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste in Geosynthetic Reinforced Structures." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 4: 1615-1626.
Castorina Silva Vieira. Editorial. Environmental Geotechnics 2018, 5, 185 -186.
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira. Editorial. Environmental Geotechnics. 2018; 5 (4):185-186.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira. 2018. "Editorial." Environmental Geotechnics 5, no. 4: 185-186.
This paper deals with the stabilisation of the fines portion of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) produced by a Portuguese recycling company. The recycled aggregate was analysed with and without the addition of a well-known precursor – fly ash (FA), considering different CDW/FA weight ratios. The resulting mixtures were activated with a solution based on sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and their microstructure and mechanical behaviour were extensively characterised, using XRD, FTIR, SEM, BSEM/EDX and uniaxial compression strength (UCS) tests. Results obtained showed that the presence of fly ash improves compression strength and elasticity module, reaching UCS values higher than 8 MPa, after 28 days of curing at ambient temperature and relative humidity. Such values are above any kind of threshold considered for geotechnical works such as road and railway foundations or infrastructure embankments, which are regarded as effective applications for recycled CDW. The products resulting from the alkali activation of the CDW/FA mixtures were characterised as a mixture of the gels NASH and CASH, which was attributed to the initial high content of amorphous Si, Al and Ca of these mixtures.
Nuno Cristelo; Ana Maria Fernandez Jimenez; Castorina Vieira; Tiago Miranda; Ángel Palomo. Stabilisation of construction and demolition waste with a high fines content using alkali activated fly ash. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 170, 26 -39.
AMA StyleNuno Cristelo, Ana Maria Fernandez Jimenez, Castorina Vieira, Tiago Miranda, Ángel Palomo. Stabilisation of construction and demolition waste with a high fines content using alkali activated fly ash. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 170 ():26-39.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNuno Cristelo; Ana Maria Fernandez Jimenez; Castorina Vieira; Tiago Miranda; Ángel Palomo. 2018. "Stabilisation of construction and demolition waste with a high fines content using alkali activated fly ash." Construction and Building Materials 170, no. : 26-39.
Alkaline activation of fly ashes is a procedure that enables an alternative binder which has been receiving much interest by several research groups particularly on the manufacturing of mortars and concretes. The properties of the materials that are developed during the alkaline activation are influenced by the curing conditions (temperature and relative humidity). Another relevant facet related to the curing procedures is the possibility of carbonation occur, which may have an impact on the mechanical strength of the alkaline cements. In this research, several sets of curing conditions were tested to understand which one results in a higher strength and reveals carbonation. Uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted to assess mechanical behavior. The outcome suggests that higher temperature and low relative humidity yields higher mechanical strength.
Filipe Almeida; Nuno Cristelo; Tiago Miranda; Castorina S. Vieira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes; Fernando Castro. Alkali-Activated Fly Ashes: Influence of Curing Conditions on Mechanical Strength. U.Porto Journal of Engineering 2017, 3, 57 -67.
AMA StyleFilipe Almeida, Nuno Cristelo, Tiago Miranda, Castorina S. Vieira, Maria De Lurdes Lopes, Fernando Castro. Alkali-Activated Fly Ashes: Influence of Curing Conditions on Mechanical Strength. U.Porto Journal of Engineering. 2017; 3 (2):57-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFilipe Almeida; Nuno Cristelo; Tiago Miranda; Castorina S. Vieira; Maria De Lurdes Lopes; Fernando Castro. 2017. "Alkali-Activated Fly Ashes: Influence of Curing Conditions on Mechanical Strength." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 3, no. 2: 57-67.
P.M. Pereira; Castorina Vieira; M.L. Lopes; H Bacelo; C Botelho; S Santos; Cândida Vilarinho; Fernando Castro; Maria De. Damage induced by recycled C&D wastes on the short-term tensile behaviour of a geogrid. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II 2017, 119 -124.
AMA StyleP.M. Pereira, Castorina Vieira, M.L. Lopes, H Bacelo, C Botelho, S Santos, Cândida Vilarinho, Fernando Castro, Maria De. Damage induced by recycled C&D wastes on the short-term tensile behaviour of a geogrid. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II. 2017; ():119-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP.M. Pereira; Castorina Vieira; M.L. Lopes; H Bacelo; C Botelho; S Santos; Cândida Vilarinho; Fernando Castro; Maria De. 2017. "Damage induced by recycled C&D wastes on the short-term tensile behaviour of a geogrid." WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II , no. : 119-124.
M.F. Abreu; A.C. Alves; F. Moreira; P Pereira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. Lean-green synergy awareness: A Portuguese survey. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II 2017, 125 -131.
AMA StyleM.F. Abreu, A.C. Alves, F. Moreira, P Pereira, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes. Lean-green synergy awareness: A Portuguese survey. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II. 2017; ():125-131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.F. Abreu; A.C. Alves; F. Moreira; P Pereira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. 2017. "Lean-green synergy awareness: A Portuguese survey." WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II , no. : 125-131.
Castorina Vieira; M.L. Lopes; N. Cristelo. Geotechnical characterization of recycled C&D wastes for use as trenches backfilling. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II 2017, 175 -181.
AMA StyleCastorina Vieira, M.L. Lopes, N. Cristelo. Geotechnical characterization of recycled C&D wastes for use as trenches backfilling. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II. 2017; ():175-181.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Vieira; M.L. Lopes; N. Cristelo. 2017. "Geotechnical characterization of recycled C&D wastes for use as trenches backfilling." WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II , no. : 175-181.
W. Chen; E. Klupsch; G.M. Kirkelund; P.E. Jensen; L.M. Ottosen; C. Dias-Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes; Nuno Cristelo. Recycling of MSWI fly ash in clay bricks—effect of washing and electrodialytic treatment. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II 2017, 183 -189.
AMA StyleW. Chen, E. Klupsch, G.M. Kirkelund, P.E. Jensen, L.M. Ottosen, C. Dias-Ferreira, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes, Nuno Cristelo. Recycling of MSWI fly ash in clay bricks—effect of washing and electrodialytic treatment. WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II. 2017; ():183-189.
Chicago/Turabian StyleW. Chen; E. Klupsch; G.M. Kirkelund; P.E. Jensen; L.M. Ottosen; C. Dias-Ferreira; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes; Nuno Cristelo. 2017. "Recycling of MSWI fly ash in clay bricks—effect of washing and electrodialytic treatment." WASTES – Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities II , no. : 183-189.
The use of construction and demolition (C&D) recycled materials in the construction industry represents an important step towards a more sustainable future and, simultaneously, represents a new market opportunity to be explored. In the last years, several case studies relating to the application of C&D recycled materials have emerged, mainly, in base and sub-base layers of the roadway infrastructures and in concrete production. This papers deals with the use of fine mixed recycled aggregates as filling material of geosynthetic reinforced embankments. The physical, mechanical and environmental characterization of C&D recycled materials is presented and discussed, as well as, the direct shear behaviour of two C&D materials/geosynthetic interfaces. The C&D recycled material was collected from a Portuguese recycling plant and comes from non-selected C&D wastes. One geogrid and one high strength geotextile were used to assess the interfaces behaviour. The environmental characterization of the C&D recycled material, carried out through laboratory leaching tests, has not shown any environmental concerns. Direct shear test results have revealed that the increase in C&D recycled material moisture content can measurably reduce the interface shear strength. The shear strength of the C&D material/geosynthetic interface has improved with the degree of compaction increase. The coefficients of interaction reached for C&D material/geosynthetic interfaces, a key factor in the design of geosynthetic reinforced structures, compare well with those found in the literature for soil/geosynthetic interfaces.
Castorina Silva Vieira; Paulo M. Pereira. Use of Mixed Construction and Demolition Recycled Materials in Geosynthetic Reinforced Embankments. Indian Geotechnical Journal 2017, 48, 279 -292.
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira, Paulo M. Pereira. Use of Mixed Construction and Demolition Recycled Materials in Geosynthetic Reinforced Embankments. Indian Geotechnical Journal. 2017; 48 (2):279-292.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira; Paulo M. Pereira. 2017. "Use of Mixed Construction and Demolition Recycled Materials in Geosynthetic Reinforced Embankments." Indian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 2: 279-292.
Castorina Silva Vieira; Manolis Papadrakakis; M. Fragiadakis. REVIEW OF SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF GEOSYNTHETIC REINFORCED SOIL RETAINING WALLS. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COMPDYN 2015) 2017, 1058 -1070.
AMA StyleCastorina Silva Vieira, Manolis Papadrakakis, M. Fragiadakis. REVIEW OF SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF GEOSYNTHETIC REINFORCED SOIL RETAINING WALLS. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COMPDYN 2015). 2017; ():1058-1070.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastorina Silva Vieira; Manolis Papadrakakis; M. Fragiadakis. 2017. "REVIEW OF SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF GEOSYNTHETIC REINFORCED SOIL RETAINING WALLS." Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COMPDYN 2015) , no. : 1058-1070.
F. B. Ferreira; A. Topa Gomes; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. Reliability analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced steep slopes. Geosynthetics International 2016, 23, 1 -15.
AMA StyleF. B. Ferreira, A. Topa Gomes, Castorina Vieira, Maria Lopes. Reliability analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced steep slopes. Geosynthetics International. 2016; 23 (4):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleF. B. Ferreira; A. Topa Gomes; Castorina Vieira; Maria Lopes. 2016. "Reliability analysis of geosynthetic-reinforced steep slopes." Geosynthetics International 23, no. 4: 1-15.