Based on the method of moments, the interpolative decomposition (ID) technique is extended to accelerate the evaluation of radome boresight error (BSE) and transmissivity, which belongs to electromagnetic radiation problems with the right-hand side (RHS) matrix containing multiple vectors. Because the RHS matrix from radiation problems has many null rows, the matrix can be first reduced to a compressed form, then decomposed by the ID technique to figure out the skeleton RHS vectors by exploiting its rank-deficient property. Iterative solutions are only executed for these skeleton vectors, followed by the restoration process to obtain the full solutions. Compared with the existing ID methods designed for scattering problems, the proposed ID method is much easier to implement and companied with a high solution efficiency. Numerical experiments are performed on an antenna array enclosed by a radome to evaluate the BSE and transmissivity, illustrating the performance and accuracy of the proposed method.

A hybrid framework for solving the non-uniqueness problem in the inverse design of isomorphic metasurfaces is proposed. The framework consists of a representation learning (RL) module and a variational autoencoder-particle swarm optimization (VAE-PSO) algorithm module. The RL module is used to reduce the complex high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space with obvious features, with the purpose of eliminating the many-to-one relationship between the original design space and response space. The VAE-PSO algorithm first encodes all meta-atoms into a continuous latent space through VAE and then applies PSO to search for an optimized latent vector whose corresponding metasurface fulfills the target response. This framework gives the solution paradigm of the ideal non-uniqueness situation, simplifies the complexity of the network, improves the running speed of the PSO algorithm, and obtains the global optimal solution with 94% accuracy on the test set.

An approach for photonic generation of multi-function microwave/pulse signals has been proposed and verified, which is capable of achieving Nyquist/triangular pulse signals and frequency quadrupling/12-tupling microwave signals. Based on optical carrier suppressed modulation in a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator, a four-line optical frequency comb and a Nyquist pulse are generated. Subsequently, polarization controlling using an optical interleaver and a linear polarizer is conducted to manipulate spectra, after which a pulse signal with triangular shape and a microwave signal with high-frequency multiplication factor are generated. By applying a 10-GHz RF driving signal, a Nyquist pulse and a full-duty-cycle triangular pulse with repetition frequency of 40 GHz, and 40-/120-GHz millimeter-wave signals can be obtained. This proposal provides the potential of higher-frequency multi-waveform and millimeter-wave signals generator for an all-optical network.

Traditional broadcasting methods often result in fatigue and decision-making errors when dealing with complex and diverse live content. Current research on intelligent broadcasting primarily relies on preset rules and model-based decisions, which have limited capabilities for understanding emotional dynamics. To address these issues, this study proposed and developed an emotion-driven intelligent broadcasting system, EmotionCast, to enhance the efficiency of camera switching during live broadcasts through decisions based on multimodal emotion recognition technology. Initially, the system employs sensing technologies to collect real-time video and audio data from multiple cameras, utilizing deep learning algorithms to analyze facial expressions and vocal tone cues for emotion detection. Subsequently, the visual, audio, and textual analyses were integrated to generate an emotional score for each camera. Finally, the score for each camera shot at the current time point was calculated by combining the current emotion score with the optimal scores from the preceding time window. This approach ensured optimal camera switching, thereby enabling swift responses to emotional changes. EmotionCast can be applied in various sensing environments such as sports events, concerts, and large-scale performances. The experimental results demonstrate that EmotionCast excels in switching accuracy, emotional resonance, and audience satisfaction, significantly enhancing emotional engagement compared to traditional broadcasting methods.

To effectively solve the electromagnetic scattering or radiation properties from the perfect electric conductor (PEC) objects containing closed-open surface junctions, how to establish the hybrid combined field integral equation-electric field integral equation (CFIE-EFIE) is studied, which is different with the existing scheme for the objects where the closed and open parts are separate. Further, it is found that when the integral equation is solved using the method of moments (MoM), if the widely used RWG basis functions are employed to expand the induced surface current, the CFIE-EFIE may give inaccurate numerical results for the objects containing fine structures. The numerical accuracy can be improved by introducing the linear-linear (LL) basis functions. Moreover, to pursue a high computational efficiency, the LL and RWG basis functions are simultaneously used to expand the current on the fine structures and other relatively smooth surfaces respectively, whose validity is verified by numerical results.

A new photonic approach for generating a triangular waveform with octupled frequency, to the best of our knowledge, is presented. The core principle is the frequency octupling technique based on two cascaded dual-parallel Mach—Zehnder modulators(MZMs). A dual-electrode MZM and a single-mode fiber are subsequently applied to manipulate the signal spectrum to satisfy the characteristics of a triangular waveform. By applying a 2 GHz radio frequency signal, a full-duty-cycle triangular waveform with a repetition rate of 16 GHz is obtained. The high-frequency multiplying factor shows great potential in generating a cost-effective waveform. Additionally, the phase imbalance of a hybrid coupler and bias drift of the MZM have been considered in our simulation, which further verify the feasibility and stability of our proposal.