Nephrotoxicity is one of the limiting factors for using doxorubicin (DOX). Honey, propolis, and royal jelly were evaluated for their ability to protect against nephrotoxicity caused by DOX. Forty-two adult albino rats were divided into control groups. The DOX group was injected i.p. with a weekly dose of 3 mg/kg of DOX for six weeks. The DOX plus honey treated group was injected with DOX and on the next day, received 500 mg/kg/day of honey orally for 21 days. The DOX plus royal jelly treated group was injected with DOX and on the following day, received 100 mg/kg/day of royal jelly orally for 21 days. The DOX plus propolis treated group received DOX and on the following day, was treated orally with 50 mg/kg/day of propolis for 21 days. The DOX plus combined treatment group received DOX and on the following day, was treated with a mix of honey, royal jelly, and propolis orally for 21 days. Results confirmed that DOX raised creatinine, urea, MDA, and TNF-α while decreasing GPX and SOD. Damages and elevated caspase-3 expression were discovered during renal tissue’s histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. Combined treatment with honey, royal jelly, and propolis improved biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical studies in the renal tissue. qRT-PCR revealed increased expression of poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and a decline of Bcl-2 in the DOX group. However, combined treatment induced a significant decrease in the PARP-1 gene and increased Bcl-2 expression levels. In addition, the combined treatment led to significant improvement in the expression of both PARP-1 and Bcl-2 genes. In conclusion, the combined treatment effectively inhibited nephrotoxicity induced by DOX.

O1 Regulation of genes by telomere length over long distances

Background New health crisis coronavirus COVID-19 infection was announced as a pandemic disease in 2020. Different recommended protocols of treatment included antiviral drugs and glucocorticoids such as azithromycin and dexamethasone. The study was designed to demonstrate the cardiotoxic consequences of anti-COVID-19 drugs and to clarify the protective role and mechanisms of different dietary natural extracts.Methods Forty-eight rats were divided into eight groups; Control, groups II-VI received 30 mg/kg azithromycin, 30 mg/kg dexamethasone and anti-COVID-19 protocol (30 mg/kg azithromycin, 30 mg/kg dexamethasone, 6.7 mg/kg vitamin C and 0.26 mg/kg zinc) orally for fourteen days, groups V-VIII received co-treatment of anti-COVID-19 protocol plus orally administration of 7.5 mg/kg Arabic gum, 4 ml/kg Nigella sativa oil, 83 µmol/kg nano-quercetin, and 500 mg/kg Thymus vulgaris extract, respectively for 14 days.Results anti COVID-19 drugs showed significant elevation in cardiac enzymes, malondialdehyde, nuclear factor-kappa B and interleukin-1 Beta besides a decrease in superoxide dismutase level. In addition, significant upregulation in expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, caspase-3 genes and alpha-smooth muscle actin in myocardial cells. However Arabic gum, Nigella sativa oil, nano-quercetin, and Thymus vulgaris extract co-treatments significantly improved these alterations and attenuated the expression of caspase-3, TNF-α genes and α-SMA protein.Conclusion: combined treatment with the examined dietary natural extracts especially nano quercetin established ameliorative effects against cardiotoxicity induced by anti-COVID-19 drugs through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.