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Emilia Rönkkö
School of Architecture, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4100, 90014 Oulu, Finland

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Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Smart Cities
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This article addresses the challenges and capability gaps confronted by public administrations concerning digital transformation and the use of novel tools in the context of land use, facilities and urban services planning. The present state of planning and management processes in Finland is introduced and reflected through experimental piloting conducted in two Finnish cities. Participatory action research and design research methodology was utilised to identify the main challenges as well as unravel the possibilities of digital transformation in the context of public services planning. The resulting analysis revealed the critical importance of facilitating integrative policies and coordination when working across knowledge boundaries between administrative domains. The paper contributes to a wider theoretical and conceptual understanding, as it discusses the advantages and feasibility of digital tools as boundary objects for cross-sectoral work in smart, people-centred urban governance. The authors see this direction of research as a fruitful ground for further investigations within the interdisciplinary urban planning research context.

ACS Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Aulikki Herneoja. Working across Boundaries in Urban Land Use and Services Planning—Building Public Sector Capabilities for Digitalisation. Smart Cities 2021, 4, 767 -782.

AMA Style

Emilia Rönkkö, Aulikki Herneoja. Working across Boundaries in Urban Land Use and Services Planning—Building Public Sector Capabilities for Digitalisation. Smart Cities. 2021; 4 (2):767-782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Aulikki Herneoja. 2021. "Working across Boundaries in Urban Land Use and Services Planning—Building Public Sector Capabilities for Digitalisation." Smart Cities 4, no. 2: 767-782.

Concept paper
Published: 27 April 2018 in Challenges
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The complexity of urban challenges obliges us to seek smarter paths for urban development and increase our awareness of urban dynamics in a more holistic manner. Stemming from the discipline of architecture and urban planning, this concept paper outlines an idea of a cybernetic urban management for anticipatory governance of smart cities. A cybernetic system absorbs information from different sources, such as buildings that are aware of their energy efficiency, a city aware of its traffic flows, and citizens who are aware of the affordances of urban life. Defined as context-aware cyber-physical social systems, smart cities of the future are planned and managed with increasing awareness of the manifoldness of physical, experiential, and virtual life. The benefits of a cybernetic urban management could, for instance, be related to dynamic service network planning with a real-time view to service network efficiency. This in turn could lead to better services for citizens, resource efficiency, and better allocation of financial resources. Cybernetic management and smart city production necessitates a shared view of urban processes that is not dedicated only for the eyes of a few experts but is widely accessible and supports information exchange and dialogue among city authorities, decision-makers, and citizens.

ACS Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Aulikki Herneoja; Essi Oikarinen. Cybernetics and the 4D Smart City: Smartness as Awareness. Challenges 2018, 9, 21 .

AMA Style

Emilia Rönkkö, Aulikki Herneoja, Essi Oikarinen. Cybernetics and the 4D Smart City: Smartness as Awareness. Challenges. 2018; 9 (1):21.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Aulikki Herneoja; Essi Oikarinen. 2018. "Cybernetics and the 4D Smart City: Smartness as Awareness." Challenges 9, no. 1: 21.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2017 in it - Information Technology
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While the smart city agenda is critiqued for its focus on technology and business led solutions, a new approach to design has been introduced: nonanthropocentric design aims to decenter the human as the focus of design. We build on relevant works in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) through discussing and comparing relevant theories in the social sciences and by analyzing design examples. This approach to HCI is necessary if humanity is to meet the challenges of the Anthropocene, the era in which human activity affects the Earth on a geological scale.

ACS Style

Anna Luusua; Johanna Ylipulli; Emilia Rönkkö. Nonanthropocentric design and smart cities in the anthropocene. it - Information Technology 2017, 59, 295 -304.

AMA Style

Anna Luusua, Johanna Ylipulli, Emilia Rönkkö. Nonanthropocentric design and smart cities in the anthropocene. it - Information Technology. 2017; 59 (6):295-304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anna Luusua; Johanna Ylipulli; Emilia Rönkkö. 2017. "Nonanthropocentric design and smart cities in the anthropocene." it - Information Technology 59, no. 6: 295-304.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in European Countryside
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In this article, we will introduce the topic of strengths-based planning strategies for rural localities in Finland. The strengths-based approach focuses on capacity building and competence enhancement with the local people, encouraging communities to valorise, identify and mobilise existing but often unrecognised assets. Setting focus only on the deficiencies and problems easily inflicts a ‘surrender mentality‘ in places outside of the urbanisation impact, creating a narrative that both decision-makers and community members start to believe. Hence, the role and potential of smaller rural localities is easily forgotten by planners, politicians and the public at large. Addressing the scale of rural localities in spatial planning, we will first reflect upon the main findings from our earlier research project “Finnish rural localities in the 2010`s” conducted by Lahti University of Applied Sciences, the University of Oulu and Aalto University in 2013-2015. Findings from the research project affirmed the unfortunate consequences of rapid urbanisation, rational blueprint planning and overoptimistic expectations of growth in the 1960s and 70s, which have resulted in the state of permanent incompleteness in rural localities today. However, these localities possess many under-utilised strengths, and we consider it essential for the future development of rural localities to make the most of this potential, and not only tackle the downwards spiral. This requires the ability to engage local stakeholders around a common vision for the future, and strategic approach based on endogenous strengths. We will discuss these possibilities via two theoretically informed case studies. The first one, Vieremä, is situated in the region of Northern Savo, and the other one, Vääksy, is the main centre in the municipality of Asikkala, situated in the region of Päijät-Häme in Southern Finland. Our study design can be characterised as qualitative research benefiting from a case study approach, mixed methods research and participatory action research. Being critical-emancipatory by nature, the exploratory and normative perspectives of Future Studies have also provided methodologies to explore future alternative paths and the available, yet possibly hidden, resources of people, commodities and skills in new ways. Through these case studies, we have identified an urgent need for capacity building and preparedness for sustainable resource management in Finnish rural localities, including natural and cultural heritage protection, climate change management and human well-being. There is a need to start thinking creatively ‘outside-the-box‘ and create strategic alliances between civil society, business and government, and most importantly, between urban and rural areas. Now is the time to start innovating a range of policy options and strategic objectives for addressing rural localities as places where a sustainable future can be developed in Finland.

ACS Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Eeva Aarrevaara. Towards Strengths-Based Planning Strategies for Rural Localities in Finland. European Countryside 2017, 9, 397 -415.

AMA Style

Emilia Rönkkö, Eeva Aarrevaara. Towards Strengths-Based Planning Strategies for Rural Localities in Finland. European Countryside. 2017; 9 (3):397-415.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Eeva Aarrevaara. 2017. "Towards Strengths-Based Planning Strategies for Rural Localities in Finland." European Countryside 9, no. 3: 397-415.

Concept paper
Published: 07 February 2017 in Systems
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This article discusses the opportunities and challenges for resource-wise development strategies in regional planning. Spatial planning integrates the key aspects, transportation, housing, and food production which are, on many occasions, stated as the most significant consumption factors causing environmental impacts. In light of the challenges that regions are currently facing in Finland, we are drawing attention to the role of strategic spatial planning as demand-responsive resource management, a theme which is still inadequately addressed within regional development and planning in Finland. In many other fields of society, innovative data-based products and demand- and user-driven services are considered important sources of success in the future. Such strategies combine different types of service providers, like deliveries for groceries or restaurant meals, mobile healthcare services, or public transport with on-demand services. We highlight the fact that a regionally large and sparsely populated country, such as Finland, cannot achieve success solely through centralisation. Instead, smart networking, co-creation, and innovative cyber-physical solutions are vital for the utilisation of the entire country’s resource potentiality. In conclusion, we underpin the need for a framework, which would offer a strategic support scheme for resource-wise development, resource optimization, and closure of yield gaps. In our view it is necessary to begin to envision, strategise, and develop user- and demand-responsive development strategies with a specific aim for sustainable, resource-wise ways of life in northern regions, also outside the growing urban centres, and innovate solutions that help individuals, communities, and the whole society to renew and manage resources wisely.

ACS Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Anna Luusua; Eeva Aarrevaara; Aulikki Herneoja; Toivo Muilu. New Resource-Wise Planning Strategies for Smart Urban-Rural Development in Finland. Systems 2017, 5, 10 .

AMA Style

Emilia Rönkkö, Anna Luusua, Eeva Aarrevaara, Aulikki Herneoja, Toivo Muilu. New Resource-Wise Planning Strategies for Smart Urban-Rural Development in Finland. Systems. 2017; 5 (1):10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emilia Rönkkö; Anna Luusua; Eeva Aarrevaara; Aulikki Herneoja; Toivo Muilu. 2017. "New Resource-Wise Planning Strategies for Smart Urban-Rural Development in Finland." Systems 5, no. 1: 10.