Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Plastic waste will be degraded into microplastic which has a size of ≤ 5 mm. These microplastic particles change in size and color due to various natural processes that occur in the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the shape, color and size characteristics of microplastics found around Pasaran Island. Sampling was carried out by taking microplastic samples in water and green mussels around Pasaran Island. Based on the research results, microplastic fragments, films, fibers, granules and foam were found. Microplastic colors consist of black, blue, green, yellow, red, clear, and white. Microplastic fragments, films and fibers were found in the <50µm to 1000 - 5000 µm size group. Granular microplastic types were found in the <50 µm to 100 - 500 µm size group and foam types were found in the <50 µm to 500 - 1000 µm size group.

Penggunaan obat skabies (skabisida) umumnya terbuat dari senyawa kimia sintetik. Efek pemberian dari senyawa sintetik kimia adalah resistensinya tungau terhadap obat. Daun kemangi dapat menjadi alternatif skabisida karena memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri berbahan aktif eugenol, sineol dan flavanoid. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-November 2019. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak daun kemangi sebagai skabisida dan untuk mengetahui sediaan ekstrak daun kemangi yang lebih efektif antara salep dan spray. Penelitian ini berjenis eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari empat kelompok perlakuan (kontrol+, kontrol-, salep ekstrak daun kemangi, spray ekstrak daun kemangi) dan enam ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan One Way (ANOVA) dan didapatkan hasil terdapat perbedaan lebar keropeng sangat bermakna pada antar perlakuan (p=0.000). Hasil penelitian dilanjutkan menggunakan Fisher LSD (Least Significant Different) pada taraf nyata 5%, didapatkan lebar keropeng terkecil pada sediaan salep ekstrak daun kemangi. Kesiimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak daun kemangi dapat digunakan sebagai skabisida dan sediaan bentuk salep lebih efektif dibandingkan bentuk spray.

The study of macrozoobenthos diversity in Way Sindalapai River can be used as one of the basic concepts in sustainable resource management in Liwa Botanical Garden area. Macrozoobenthos has an important role in the aquatic ecosystem, such as a food source for aquatic biota and as a detritivore. This study aims to determine the diversity of macrozoobenthos based on different sediment substrates in Way Sindalapai River, Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung. This study uses a purposive sampling method based on differences in the sediment substrates: muddy, sandy, rocky, and scrub with 3 replications. Sampling was carried out using a stratified filter and tweezers to separate the organism from the substrate. Samples were preserved in 70% alcohol and were identified by identification books at the Ecology Laboratory, FMIPA Universitas Lampung. The results of the study found 10 macrozoobenthos orders with a total of 155 individuals included in 13 families. The results of the calculation of diversity index values (H ') macrozoobenthos for all types of 2.26 (medium category). The highest macrozoobenthos dominance index (D) of the four substrates is in the rocky substrate that is 0.41 (low category). While the evenness index value (E) of macrozoobenthos in the Sindalapai Way River was 0.44 (medium category).

One type of fish that is resistant to low quality water is Nile tilapia with the name Oreochromis niloticus. Sexual dimorphism in Nile tilapia shows that males grow faster than females, making monosex male tilapia more advantageous. Immersion can provide natural steroid hormones to increase the number of male individuals. *Diadema setosum* or sea urchins are known to contain bioactive compounds from the steroid, flavonoid, and saponin groups. The purpose of this study was to determine how the administration of sea urchin gonad extract at a dose of 8 mg/L to male tilapia affects their growth. This study was conducted during various soaking times. In this study, a completely randomized design (CRD) was applied with four treatments and three replications. The dosage was 8 mg/L, and the soaking times were 0 hours (control), 12, 18, and 24 hours. SPSS 16 software was used in data processing with analysis of variance (one way Anova) and Least Significant Difference at the 5% level (α > 0.05). The results showed that immersion time in sea urchin gonad extract solution at a dose of 8 mg/L did not affect sperm production. Within twelve hours, the immersion successfully changed the sex of the fish to male by 38.4%. The survival rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) larvae was not affected by immersion time.