When laser cladding is used to repair parts, the interaction of parameters has a significant influence on equipment performance. In order to explore the process parameters and quality of Ni60PTA coating, the statistical relationship between the process parameters (laser power, scanning speed, and powder feeding rate) and the responses (dilution ratio, ratio of layer width to height, and contact angle) was established by experiments using the response surface method (RSM) and variance analysis. The results show that the laser power is the dominant factor affecting the dilution ratio. However, the scanning speed has the greatest influence on the ratio of layer width to height and contact angle. These experimental results show that the proposed model can predict the actual data. In addition, the microstructure and microhardness of the samples prepared with the optimum process parameters were characterized. The results show that the quality of the cladding layer is good without cracks, deformation, and pores. The microstructure of the cladding zone is mainly composed of γ (Ni), FeNi₃, M (M = Fe, Ni, Cr)₂₃C₆, M₇C₃, and CrB. The average microhardness of the coating is about 620 HV_0.2, which is about 3.1 times that of 45 steel substrate.

In order to extend the service life of 45# steel and reduce production costs, coating NiCrBSi alloy powder on the surface of 45# steel can meet production requirements, avoid resource waste and achieve green manufacturing. Based on response surface method (RSM), the dilution rate, aspect ratio and contact angle were taken as the optimization goals, and the process parameters (laser power, scanning speed and powder feeding rate) were optimized and the optimal process parameters were determined. On this basis, the microstructure of Ni-based coating was characterized by the cladding experiment. The friction wear and corrosion resistance of the coating were tested, and the enhancement mechanism of the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating was analyzed. The results show that the optimized coating has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance. It provides a reference for the optimization of process parameters in 45# steel repair work.