Background: Citrullus colocynthis L. (C. colocynthis) is commonly known as colocynth. It belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae that is frequently used in alternative medicine in the north of Africa. The aim of the study: the present research was undertaken to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antibacterial potentials of C. colocynthis seed extract. Material and methods: the chemical composition of C. colocynthis seed organic extract was characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant property was carried out using both β-carotene bleaching and DPPH assays. The antibacterial effect was effectuated using the agar disc diffusion method. The antiproliferative activity vs. human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) and human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA MB 231) were carried by WST-1 test. The chemical analysis showed the presence of interesting potentially bioactive compounds. The studied plant extract exhibited antioxidant potential with IC₅₀ value of 2. 22 mg/mL (β-carotene bleaching) and 8.98 ± 0.619 mg/mL (DPPH). Concerning the antiproliferative activity, the seed extract was effective in MDA-MB-231 and HT-29 cancer cells with IC₅₀ values 86.89 ± 3.395 and 242.1 ± 17.9 μg/mL, respectively, whilst the extract of Citrullus colocynthis seeds was non-toxic in healthy human dermal fibroblasts. Regarding the antibacterial test, the extract was effective in Gram-positive bacteria only. Conclusion: The outcome of this research indicated that the extracts from C. colocynthis seeds may compose a promising source with interesting compounds that can be used to fight cancer, free radicals damage, and bacterial infections.

Serum protein electrophoresis is a simple, reliable, and specific method used for separation of serum proteins. This study consisted to detect, at pediatric cases, pathological profiles of serum proteins by capillary electrophoresis and interpret any anomalies. The study was performed on 81 sera collected from pediatric subjects admitted at the Abderrahim Harouchi Childrens Hospital in Casablanca. Study results revealed 72 specific pathological electrophoretic patterns for acute and chronic inflammatory response (35 children), hypogammaglobulinemia (3), polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (23), hypoalbuminemia (5), agammaglobulinemia (1), and other medical conditions (2). No cases of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and nephrotic syndrome by electrophoresis were highlighted. Serum protein electrophoresis in children is recommended as a diagnostic technique for increasing the accuracy of the diagnosis in acute, subacute, and chronic inflammatory diseases, liver disease, and cases of immunodeficiency.

Bi-clonal gammopathy is distinguished by the presence of two different or distinct monoclonal proteins, due to a proliferation of two distinct monoclonal plasma cell clones. A single monoclonal clone can give rise to two different monoclonal proteins. In this report, we present three cases of biclonal multiple myeloma and one case of Waldenstrom's disease that exhibits two biclonal peaks. Serum protein electrophoresis showed two M bands on serum protein electrophoresis.

Serum protein electrophoresis is a straightforward, dependable and precise technique employed to separate serum proteins. This research aimed to discover abnormal patterns of serum proteins in pediatric cases using capillary electrophoresis and to interpret any detected abnormalities. The research involved 92 serum samples obtained from pediatric patients admitted to Children’s Hospital in Casablanca. The study findings identified distinctive pathological electrophoretic patterns observed in pediatric cases: 36 children showed patterns indicative of inflammatory response, 3 had nephrotic syndrome, 4 had hypogammaglobulinemia, 24 exhibited polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia and 1 had hypoproteinemia. Additionally, two rare cases of α1-antitrypsin deficiency were highlighted through electrophoresis. Serum protein electrophoresis is highly recommended as a diagnostic tool in children to enhance the accuracy of diagnosing inflammatory diseases, liver disorders and immunodeficiency cases.