The semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote sensing images (HRRSIs) is a basic task for remote sensing image processing and has a wide range of applications. However, the abundant texture information and wide imaging range of HRRSIs lead to the complex distribution of ground objects and unclear boundaries, which bring huge challenges to the segmentation of HRRSIs. To solve this problem, in this paper we propose an improved squeeze and excitation residual network (SERNet), which integrates several squeeze and excitation residual modules (SERMs) and a refine attention module (RAM). The SERM can recalibrate feature responses adaptively by modeling the long-range dependencies in the channel and spatial dimensions, which enables effective information to be transmitted between the shallow and deep layers. The RAM pays attention to global features that are beneficial to segmentation results. Furthermore, the ISPRS datasets were processed to focus on the segmentation of vegetation categories and introduce Digital Surface Model (DSM) images to learn and integrate features to improve the segmentation accuracy of surface vegetation, which has certain prospects in the field of forestry applications. We conduct a set of comparative experiments on ISPRS Vaihingen and Potsdam datasets. The results verify the superior performance of the proposed SERNet.

In this paper, we study the semi-supervised semantic segmentation problem via limited labeled samples and a large number of unlabeled samples. We propose a self-learning semi-supervised approach for the semantic segmentation of high-resolution remote sensing images. Our approach uses two networks (UNet and DeepLabV3) to predict the labels of the same unlabeled sample, and the pseudo labels samples with high prediction consistency are added to the training samples to improve the accuracy of semantic segmentation under the condition of limited labeled samples. Our method expands training data samples by using unlabeled data samples with pseudo labels. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, some experiments were conducted on the improved ISPRS Vaihingen 2D Semantic Labeling dataset using the method that we proposed. We focus on the extraction of forest and vegetation information and focus on the impact of a large number of unlabeled samples on the precision of semantic segmentation, we combine water, surface, buildings, cars, and background into one category and named others, and we call the changed dataset the improved ISPRS Vaihingen dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the semantic segmentation accuracy of high-scoring remote sensing images with limited samples than common deep semi-supervised learning.