Embracing innovative vehicle technology in the transportation sector provides constructive solutions to the rising pollution levels and global warming. Developing Electric Vehicles (EV) with market competency, deploying standardized charging infrastructure in sufficient numbers, and government promotional policies all impact EV adoption and help reduce tail pipe emissions. To determine the key hurdles to EV adoption that still exist in today’s market, the comparison between the most preferred EV and the Conventionally Propelled Vehicle (CPV) is deliberated under various parameters like vehicle class, type, specification, performance, pricing etc. The research assessed the countries with the most CPV (China, the USA, Japan, Germany, and India), as well as the expertise and experience of the country (Norway) that pioneered the EV industry, to discover the key policies that will help accelerate EV adoption in their respective regions. Significant findings within the local market and across markets belonging to the countries of concern and research recommendations addressing the issues have been discussed as a result of the study conducted with data obtained from the vehicle manufacturer’s website, government statistical institutes, and other affiliated survey organizations, as well as technical reports published online. These qualitative and quantitative findings and recommendations will aid in the creation of EV and charging station designs, as well as the formulation of strategies aimed at generating more cost-effective EV designs that take into account local usage patterns, car kinds, and performance. It also assists legislators in their efforts to streamline EV policy. Consideration of these issues aids in the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

The super‐lift technique is an exceptional contribution to DC–DC conversion technology. A replacement approach of symmetrical super‐lift multilevel inverter (SLMLI) DC/AC technology is proposed with a reduced number of elements compared with the traditional multilevel inverter. In this method, the firefly algorithm conveys a leading task for the SLMLI topology for solar‐photovoltaic applications. It generates low distortion output and consumes the harmonic band of the fast Fourier transform framework by the employment of the proposed algorithm. The simulation circuit for 15 levels output uses single switch super‐lift inverter feed with different kinds of load (R, RL and RLE) conditions. The power quality is improved in SLMLI with minimised harmonics underneath the various modulation indices while varied from 0.1 up to 0.8. The circuit is designed in a field‐programmable gate array, which includes the firefly rule to help the multilevel output, to reduce the lower order harmonics and to find the best switching angle. As a result, the minimum total harmonic distortion from the simulation and hardware circuit is achieved. Due to the absence of bulky switches, inductor and filter elements expose the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural polymers with excellent biocompatibility, non-toxicity, flexibility, and renewable source. Regenerated cellulose (RC) products result from the dissolution-regeneration process risen from solvent and anti-solvent reagents, respectively. The regeneration process changes the cellulose chain conformation from cellulose I to cellulose II, leads the structure to have more amorphous regions with improved crystallinity, and inclines towards extensive modification on the RC products such as hydrogel, aerogel, cryogel, xerogel, fibers, membrane, and thin film. Recently, RC products are accentuated to be used in the agriculture field to develop future sustainable agriculture as alternatives to conventional agriculture systems. However, different solvent types and production techniques have great influences on the end properties of RC products. Besides, the fabrication of RC products from solely RC lacks excellent mechanical characteristics. Thus, the flexibility of RC has allowed it to be homogenously blended with other materials to enhance the final products’ properties. This review will summarize the properties and preparation of potential RC-based products that reflect its application to replace soil the plantation medium, govern the release of the fertilizer, provide protection on crops and act as biosensors.

Urban agriculture plays a vital role in ensuring the self-sufficiency of a great variety of fresh vegetables and nutrients. It promotes a sustainable food system as well as reducing the dependency on imports for the growing population. Urban farming has made it possible for agriculture practices to be implemented anywhere at any time in a sophisticated way. Hydrogel has been introduced in urban agriculture in the past few decades. However, the application of hydrogel in urban agriculture is still being explored in terms of hydrogel types, structure, physical and chemical properties, change due to external factors, and its suitability for different plant species. This review discusses the potentials and limitations of hydrogel in different application conditions. We present the state of knowledge on hydrogel production and crosslinking methods, hydrogel characteristics, water absorption and release mechanisms of hydrogel, hydrogel advantages and limitations, and current and future applications in urban farming.