Urban green infrastructure (UGI) plays a vital role in mitigating climate change risks, including urban development-induced warming. The effective maintenance and monitoring of UGI are essential for detecting early signs of water stress and preventing potential fire hazards. Recent research shows that plants close their stomata under limited soil moisture availability, leading to an increase in leaf temperature. Multi-spectral cameras can detect thermal differentiation during periods of water stress and well-watered conditions. This paper examines the thermography of five characteristic green wall and green roof plant types (Pachysandra terminalis, Lonicera nit. Hohenheimer, Rubus tricolor, Liriope muscari Big Blue, and Hedera algeriensis Bellecour) under different levels of water stress compared to a well-watered reference group measured by thermal cameras. The experiment consists of a (1) pre-test experiment identifying the suitable number of days to create three different levels of water stress, and (2) the main experiment tested the suitability of thermal imaging with a drone to detect water stress in plants across three different dehydration stages. The thermal images were captured analyzed from three different types of green infrastructure. The method was suitable to detect temperature differences between plant types, between levels of water stress, and between GI types. The results show that leaf temperatures were approximately 1–3 °C warmer for water-stressed plants on the green walls, and around 3–6 °C warmer on the green roof compared to reference plants with differences among plant types. These insights are particularly relevant for UGI maintenance strategies and regulations, offering valuable information for sustainable urban planning.

This chapter delves into the critical yet often overlooked role of aesthetics in driving the adoption of energy-efficient retrofitting technologies, particularly internal wall insulation (IWI). Aesthetics, encompassing perceptions of beauty and emotional responses, are a pivotal factor influencing homeowner decisions. Drawing on psychological and cultural frameworks, the chapter examines how aesthetic preferences—whether instinctual or socially conditioned—shape attitudes toward retrofitting. It highlights innovative practices across industries and explores their potential application in energy retrofitting to overcome barriers like cost concerns and resistance to design alterations. Using insights from user-centered design, the chapter proposes integrating aesthetic features into retrofit strategies to balance functionality with visual appeal, ultimately increasing adoption rates and contributing to sustainable housing solutions.