Genetic variants of eNOS gene play a significant role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Many environmental factors have, also, been implicated in the aetiology of hypertension. We carried out an age-matched case-control study among adults. Hypertension was defined according to JNC-VII criteria and eNOS gene polymorphisms were determined by PCR and PCR followed by PCR-RFLP. eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (adjusted OR 6.81; 95% CI 2.29–20.25) and eNOS 894TT genotype (adjusted OR 7.84; 95% CI 2.57–23.96) were associated with the risk of hypertension. Tobacco users (either smoking/chewing or both) with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 14.00: 95% CI 1.20–163.37), eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 5.56: 95% CI 3.72–8.31), and eNOS T-786C CC genotype (OR 9.00: 95% CI 1.14–71.04) were at an increased risk of hypertension. Similarly a significant gene-environment interaction was observed between individuals consuming alcohol with eNOS intron 4 aa genotype (OR 12.00: 95% CI 1.20–143.73) and eNOS 894GG genotype (OR 1.95: 95% CI 1.35–2.81). The present study identified few susceptible genotypes of the eNOS gene with the risk of hypertension. Moreover, the interactive effects between the environmental factors and the risk of hypertension were dependent on the eNOS genotypes.

Nanotechnology presents an exciting opportunity in cancer research by offering significant advancements in therapies, diagnosis, and management. It possesses unparalleled potential to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of cancer therapy while simultaneously reducing adverse effects, owing to its distinctive capability to manipulate matter at a molecular level. Using nanoparticle carriers has facilitated the precise administration of therapeutic agents to afflicted areas within the human body through customized drug delivery systems, resulting in improved treatment accuracy and efficacy while reducing adverse effects. These techniques improve drug solubility and stability, leading to elevated levels of biochemical availability and improved efficacy outcomes for patients with minimal negative effects during treatment cycles. Another use case for nanoparticles includes tumor imaging; functionalized with targeting ligands containing diagnostic agents, they foster early detection, making quicker remedial action plans possible. Overall, the incorporation of nanotechnology ensures a promising future, although it stresses the need to address regulatory hurdles and safety concerns before widespread clinical implementation. Despite the complexity of cancer research and patient care, nanotechnology shows promise in transforming both fields.

Avian pox is an infectious, slow-spreading, highly contagious viral disease that has been reported in numerous number of species of birds. These affect domesticated and free-ranging birds, resulting in economic losses in the poultry industry. They are thought to be highly host-specific but certain factors have changed this specificity pattern. In recent times, the emergence of avian pox infection has drastically increased involving new species as well. Infection is commonly observed in anatomical locations where feathers are absent, such as the toes, legs, or head, as well as in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. Quails and hawks are usually unaffected, but chickens, turkeys, canaries, and pigeons are highly susceptible to infection. While death can occur in severely affected birds, the disease more commonly results in weight loss, stunted growth, and decreased egg production. It is interesting to observe that the ailment was initially recorded in feathered creatures in the seventeenth century. In our review, we conducted a comprehensive literature search to collect relevant data. This search was primarily carried out using reputable academic databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar. The specific search terms and keywords employed in these databases are Avipox and Fowl pox. Additionally, the references have been precisely cited to ensure transparency and provide readers with access to the sources used in our study. This article contains all the details of the Avipox virus-like morphology, host, prevention, and treatment