Green roofs are an effective way to solve many environmental problems. New cities in Egypt have recently suffered from increasing energy consumption as a result of increasing construction density resulting from population growth, which has decreased green spaces in Egyptian cities. This paper aims to improve the energy consumption of cooling and heating energy in social housing in new urban cities in Egypt, reduce high temperatures inside and outside building, and decrease the urban heat island effect. To achieve these aims, the study suggests a method that is based on modifying the traditional roof of residential construction in Egypt by converting it to a green roof. An integrated analysis model including a strategy shows the environmental and climatic benefits of using green roofs to provide the external outdoor temperature of social housing buildings. The result revealed that green roofs, which are used by 50% of green roofs in traditional buildings, were shown to be efficient in reducing annual energy consumption by 12% and decreasing the average temperature inside buildings by 2.44°C, whereas the average temperature outside was reduced by 3°C.

This study presents a systematic review and an integrative interpretive synthesis of the architectural literature addressing sensory–interactive design strategies in early childhood learning environments that support children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Down Syndrome (DS), and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Following a systematic review conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, twenty-nine peer-reviewed studies were analyzed to examine how environmental design variables may influence sensory load, cognitive processing, emotional stability, and behavioral engagement across neurodevelopmental profiles. Rather than remaining within conventional descriptive approaches, architectural variables—including lighting, color, acoustics, materials, spatial configuration, and environmental controllability—are reconceptualized as regulatory dimensions shaping child–environment interactions. The synthesis suggests that identical environmental variables may elicit divergent, and at times conflicting, sensory–emotional and behavioral responses among children with ASD, DS, and ADHD, highlighting the limitations of standardized design solutions. Accordingly, the study proposes the Sensory–Interactive Architecture Framework (SIAF), an analytical framework that links neurodevelopmental response patterns with sensory–emotional regulation mechanisms and environmental design variables as regulatory dimensions. The findings indicate that effective inclusive design does not rely on generalized sensory interventions but rather on the deliberate regulation of sensory variability through more legible, graded, and controllable spatial systems, thereby promoting learning engagement, emotional stability, and adaptive behavior in neurodiverse children.

Urban branding has become an influential mechanism through which cities construct identity, shape public perception, communicate cultural distinctiveness, and guide urban transformation and place-based development. In heritage contexts, its significance extends beyond promotion by supporting the continuity, recognition, and positioning of historic places. Yet existing research has focused on formal heritage districts and visual representation, offering limited explanation of how lived historic environments sustain identity and develop a foundation for heritage-based urban branding through locally embedded socio-spatial practices. This study examines how the historic area surrounding the Mosque of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay within Cairo’s City of the Dead maintains a coherent heritage identity through the interaction of architectural assets, craft production, market exchange, adaptive reuse, cultural activities, place perception, and everyday community practices. It develops a domain-based analytical framework comprising five interrelated domains: heritage asset readiness, cultural activation, place perception, emergent branding outputs, and governance and institutional mediation. The framework is applied through an interpretive spatial-observational case study based on repeated site visits, structured observation, spatial mapping, and photographic documentation. Findings show that craft production, everyday exchange, adaptive reuse, and community-based activities sustain heritage identity, collective memory, and experiential continuity. Workshops and bazaars form an interconnected production–exchange system, while galleries and cultural spaces strengthen interpretation and public engagement. However, fragmented digital visibility, weak narrative coordination, and limited institutional mediation constrain the translation of these assets into coherent branding outcomes. The study therefore distinguishes heritage identity from branding formation and offers a qualitative diagnostic framework for identifying domain alignment and misalignment, supporting context-sensitive approaches to urban transformation, heritage management, and place-based development.

Historic urban districts are increasingly exposed to rapid urban transformation, resulting in the deterioration of heritage fabric, weakening of spatial identity, and disruption of everyday patterns of use. Although participatory approaches are increasingly recognised in heritage-led regeneration, many applications remain limited by the lack of analytical mechanisms capable of connecting community perspectives with spatial and behavioural evidence in a structured and practical manner. This study develops and applies a participatory decision-support approach based on the People–Place–Behaviour (PPB) framework within the historic district of El-Mokhtalat in Mansoura, Egypt. The study combines spatial documentation, behavioural observation, and stakeholder consultation to examine how everyday urban practices, adaptive reuse, informal interventions, and local perceptions collectively influence regeneration priorities within the historic environment. The findings indicate that regeneration priorities emerge through the interaction between spatial conditions, community perceptions, and behavioural patterns rather than through isolated physical conditions alone. Based on stakeholder consultations (n = 30), the analysis identifies a prioritisation gradient in which architectural conservation and environmental enhancement represent the most immediate intervention priorities, while adaptive reuse and public-space improvements remain dependent on contextual compatibility and local acceptance. The study also demonstrates the analytical value of behavioural evidence in revealing recurring spatial pressures, identity-related transformations, and everyday interaction patterns affecting the continuity of the historic urban fabric. By integrating participatory, spatial, and behavioural evidence within a unified evaluation process, the study proposes a context-sensitive analytical approach capable of supporting more informed and locally responsive heritage-led regeneration strategies.

Hospital interior corridors represent some of the most frequently used yet least studied spaces in relation to their psychological impact, as they are commonly designed as transitional areas that lack a therapeutic dimension. Contemporary literature in Healing Architecture, psychological restoration theories (ART/SRT), and Neuro-Architecture highlights the capacity of these spaces to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and support cognitive comfort. However, field-based tools for systematically assessing this role remain limited, particularly within Arab healthcare contexts. This study aims to develop and apply the Therapeutic Corridor Assessment Framework (TCAF) as an evidence-informed diagnostic and design-guidance framework integrating four domains: Physical, Neurocognitive, Psychosocial, and Visual–Environmental Factors, grounded in the principles of Healing Architecture and WELL v2 standards. A case study methodology was employed to evaluate the inpatient corridors at Mansoura University Oncology Center. Physical Factors were assessed using calibrated environmental measurements, including lighting levels, noise, air quality, and thermal comfort. Neurocognitive, Psychosocial, and Visual–Environmental Factors were evaluated through structured field observation and architectural drawing analysis. The TCAF framework was reviewed and refined by a panel of seven experts in hospital design and healing architecture, who also validated the relative weighting of the four domains using a 5-point Likert scale. The application of TCAF revealed an overall weighted performance score of 2.2 out of 5, indicating a moderate-to-low corridor performance and a clear shortfall in therapeutic and restorative effectiveness—particularly in wayfinding clarity, psychosocial support, and visual–environmental quality. At its current stage, TCAF is positioned as a diagnostic and design-guidance framework; accordingly, the study translates the diagnostic outcomes into an integrated design strategy aimed at enhancing the restorative performance of hospital corridors and supporting evidence-based decision-making in healthcare environments.