Jabodetabek has been termed Indonesia’s most populous urban area, and it is predicted to generate around 9.069 million tons/year by 2023. On the other hand, this area has promising agricultural prospects and requires a great deal of energy. Tractors, generators, and other agricultural equipment are necessary to increase productivity. Therefore, it can potentially convert waste into energy as an effective alternative fuel for agriculture. This study looked at ways to recover the waste to energy (WtE) with various technologies (incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, landfilling, and anaerobic digestion). The assessment indicators focus on the type of waste, energy production efficiency, energy produced, technological readiness, capacity, byproducts, costs, air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. Each WtE technology is assessed using a scale between 1 (worst) and 5 (best) on each performance indicator concerning related references. Based on the analysis, the anaerobic digester is the most attractive WtE technology to generate an alternative fuel for agriculture in the Jabodetabek area. This is an environmentally friendly and economical technology because the technology readiness level is relatively mature. Thus, this review will assist policymakers and implementing authorities in determining the potential of the right WtE technologies for effective alternative fuel generation for agriculture, particularly in the metropolitan region of Jabodetabek.

The global issue of organic waste poses a serious threat to the environment and public health. With the increasing production of organic waste driven by population growth and urbanization, waste management systems worldwide are confronted with inevitable pressures. The decomposition process of organic waste generates methane gas, contributing not only to global climate change through the greenhouse gas effect but also posing risks of air and water pollution. The primary function of organic waste lies in its ability to become a valuable resource through recycling and composting processes. The potential use of organic waste as a source of renewable energy through biogas or biomass production also presents promising prospects. The objective of this research is to design a reel-type chopper machine for more optimal waste processing. The research method employed is engineering, involving non-routine design activities to create something new in both process and form. The results of the study show that the designed reel-type organic waste shredder has dimensions of 800 mm in length, 750 mm in width, and 1042 mm in height. The machine consists of four main components: the frame hopper, shredding cylinder, and discharge hole. The chopper machine has a power of 2.2 kW, a chopper capacity of 1 ton/hour, and a cutting length of 2–5 cm. The advantages of the shredded output from this reel-type chopper machine can accelerate the decomposition and fermentation processes of organic waste. The smaller and uniformly shredded particles provide a larger surface area for the activities of decomposing microorganisms. Additionally, reel-type machines are more efficient in processing materials with high moisture levels, such as wet branches or leaves. By ensuring optimal particle size, reel-type machines also enhance the efficiency of composting, as well as the production of compost briquettes and briquettes fueled by organic waste. Therefore, the role of reel-type organic waste shredder machines is crucial in maximizing the value of organic waste, accelerating the recycling cycle, and effectively reducing environmental impact.

Penanganan pascapanen ubi jalar dilakukan untuk mempertahankan kualitas Ubi Jalar tersebut. Penanganannya meliputi: pencucian, sortasi, penyimpanan, pengemasan dan pengangkutan, serta pemasaran hasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis ergonomi dan kelayakan ekonomi dari mesin pencuci ubi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan melakukan pengukuran dan perhitungan terhadap mesin pencuci ubi, sehingga memberikan informasi mengenai penilaian ergonomi dan kelayakan ekonomi. Hasil analisis ergonomi untuk penyesuaian data antropometri menunjukkan adanya selisih antara tinggi bahu dengan tinggi mesin dan lebar bahu dengan lebar mesin masing-masing sebesar 35,24 cm dan 3,86 cm. Kemudian dari hasil evaluasi postur kerja menggunakan OWAS terdapat 2 postur kerja yang termasuk ke dalam kategori 3, sehingga perlu ada perbaikan; analisis biomekanika NIOSH menghasilkan nilai LI < 1 untuk semua berat beban yang diangkat operator kecuali saat operator mengangkat air. Tingkat kebisingan dan getaran dari mesin pencuci ubi pada kondisi tanpa beban masing-masing sebesar 88,92 dB dan 11,056 m/s², sedangkan pada kondisi dengan beban masing-masing 77dB dan 21,87 m/s². Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan mesin pencuci ubi dengan menghasilkan nilai NPV Rp 39.842.284,52, BC Ratio sebesar 1,466, IRR sebesar 8,5%, dan PBP investasi akan mendapatkan keuntungan pada tahun pertama. Kemudian BEP akan tercapai setelah memproduksi 14.956 kg.

The potential of plastic waste in Singaparna District, Tasikmalaya Regency, based on field observations, can reach up to 10 tons per month, with its utilization not yet optimal. The plastic waste collected at the Tasikmalaya Waste Bank (BST) typically consists of intact plastic bottles and cups. In addition to being used for handicrafts, the BST group sells it directly to plastic recycling factories at a price of IDR 8,000 per kg. According to their calculations, this price does not cover the operational costs of BST. Meanwhile, the price of plastic that has been shredded into granules can reach up to IDR 14,000 per kg. The Agricultural Tools and Machines Laboratory of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Industrial Management at Padjadjaran University has developed a plastic shredding machine capable of reducing plastic to the smallest size with a sieve diameter of 14 mm, with a machine capacity of 30 kg/hour, which is expected to assist in addressing issues faced by the partners. The goal of this PKM (Community Service Program) activity is to assist the BST Tasikmalaya group in utilizing plastic waste, either as raw material for handicrafts or to be sold directly in the form of plastic granules. The implementation method for this activity includes the application of appropriate technology, specifically a plastic shredding machine in Singaparna District, Tasikmalaya Regency, which covers the production of the shredding machine, the application of the machine, socialization through lectures on utilizing plastic as a recyclable product to address waste problems, guidance and training on operating the plastic shredding machine, and maintenance procedures for the machine.