Понимание физико-механических свойств горных пород считается важным в бурении, геотехнике и строительстве. Осведомленность об этих параметрах породы помогает, например, избежать или минимизировать нестабильность зоны вокруг ствола скважины во время бурения. Лабораторный эксперимент по изучению этих параметров может быть выполнен двумя различными методами: статическим, когда образец разрушается после испытания, и динамическим, известным как неразрушающий метод. Неразрушающий метод с использованием ультразвуковых волн в серии различных условий напряжения, начиная с 7 до 56 МПа с шагом в 7 МПа, был использован для характеристики механических свойств сухого песчаника из Збилутова при 20 и 80 °C. Скорость первичных и вторичных волн в этих диапазонах была записана для определения изменения механических свойств. Результаты показали, что модуль Юнга, объемный модуль, модуль сдвига и постоянная Ламе песчаника из Збилутова имеют положительную корреляцию с хорошим коэффициентом и увеличенным напряжением, в то время как коэффициент Пуассона показал отрицательную корреляцию. Кроме того, влияние температуры на параметры породы подтверждается уменьшением скорости первичной волны в двух разных диапазонах температур. Такие результаты необходимы при подготовке бурового раствора соответствующей плотности для бурения, что влияет на нестабильность ствола скважины.

The exploration and development of new hydrocarbon deposits face increasing challenges, primarily driven by the shift away from hydrocarbons towards renewable energy sources like shallow geothermal deposits, wind farms, and photovoltaics. This shift necessitates finding solutions that minimize environmental impact and enable increased energy extraction from existing or decommissioned fields and wells. This paper explores the possibility of excavating from potentially depleted fields, where a significant portion (up to 85%) of the reservoir’s resources remain unrecoverable due to low reservoir energy. To address this, secondary and tertiary exploitation methods are proposed involving the supply of external energy to increase the pressure in the reservoir layer, thereby enhancing resource exploitation. One of the suggested tertiary methods involves reaming the deposit with multiple small-diameter radial holes using a hydraulic drilling nozzle. The entire process comprises several key components, including the coiled tubing unit (CTU), high-pressure flexible hose, window drilling kit for casing pipe, kit for positioning the exit of the hydraulic drilling head from the casing pipe, anchor, and hydraulic drilling head attached to the end of the high-pressure flexible hose. This method aims to increase the contact between the reservoir layer and the wellbore, potentially leading to an increase in or initiation of exploitation in certain deposit scenarios. The described method presents an environmentally friendly approach, eliminating the need for drilling new boreholes and offering cost-effective access to resources in decommissioned deposits with insufficient reservoir energy for self-exploitation. The applicability of this method to extract methane from coalbed seams is also mentioned in this article. In a separate article, the authors detail the design of a hydraulic drilling nozzle specifically for reaming the reservoir layer.

In light of the European Union’s zero-emissions policy and the growing demand for energy associated with technological advances, it is necessary to consider adopting technologies and innovative solutions that simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emissions while increasing potential extraction from existing hydrocarbon deposits, for example. This can result in increased production from deposits with low reservoir energy values or those in which the energy value does not allow the resource to be exploited on its own. By using a hydraulic drilling nozzle that harnesses the hydraulic energy of the fluid stream for workover, the possibility of increasing the contact between the reservoir layer and the producing well increases in direct proportion to the number of small-diameter radial wells drilled with a hydraulic rotary head from a horizontal well toward the reservoir layer. The main aspect of this paper is to outline an algorithm for the design of rotary drilling heads to maximize the use of the hydraulic energy from fluid streams flowing from the face of innovative drilling tools. The presented design algorithm allows changing the mutual position between the holes in the face section and the angle of the holes with respect to the longitudinal axis of the designed hydraulic rotary nozzle, simplifying the design work. The use of the rotary head developed using this algorithm enables seamless drilling in rocks with compressive strength R_c = 50 MPa, considering the drilling progress at ROP = 4 mm/s.

Tyt. z ekranu tyt.Zgłoszono 12 czerwca 1970 r.Ogłoszono 26 lutego 1973 r.Opublikowano 28 lutego 1977 r.Nr zgłoszenia P. 141254.Dostępny także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet

This article presents an example of the treatment of rock mass disturbed by shallow mining of hard coal in the Małopolska voivodeship, Poland. Considering various methods of rock mass recognition and ways of eliminating shallow voids, recipes for sealing slurries containing mainly liquefiers were developed and used in drilling and injection works in a 10 m-long hole. The course and intensity of rock layer deformation phenomena depend on both natural conditions and the mining method used. At a small depth of hard coal mining (up to 100 m below ground level), the fracture zone may reach the ground surface. In such conditions, sinkholes of various sizes may form on the ground surface. The proposed recipes for sealing slurries, as well as the presented technology for carrying out backfilling works, can be very useful at the stage of selecting the method for liquidation of shallow-lying voids in the carboniferous rock mass.

New generation fly ashes come from the combustion of coal in fluid-bed furnaces with simultaneous sulphur-removal from gases at ca. 850°C. Accordingly, all produced ashes basically differ in their physicochemical properties from the traditional silica ones. The aim of the laboratory analyses was determining the influence of specific surface and granular composition of fluidal ash on rheological properties of slurries used for sealing up the ground and rock mass media with hole injection methods, geoengineering works and cementing casing pipes in deep boreholes. Fluidal ash from the combustion of lignite contain active Puzzolan appearing in the form of dehydrated clayey minerals and active components activating the process of hydration ashes, i.e. CaO, anhydrite II and CaCO₃. The ashes have a weak point, i.e. their high water diment, which the desired rheological properties related with the range of their propagation in the rock mass cannot not be acquired for injection works in the traditional sealing slurries technology. Increasing the water-to-mixture ratio should eliminate this feature of fluidal ashes. Laboratory analyses were performed for slurries based on metallurgical cement CEM III/A 32,5 having water-to-mixture ratios: 0.5; 0.6 ; 0.7 and 0.8; the fluidal ash concentration in the slurries was 30 wt.% (with respect to the mass of dry cement). Basing on the obtained results there were determined optimum recipes of sealing slurries in view of their rheological parameters which could be applied both in drilling technologies (cementing casing pipes, closing of boreholes, plugging) and in geoengineering works related with sealing up and reinforcing ground and rock mass media.