Varicocele is the most commonly seen and correctable pathology in men presenting with infertility ( 1 x 1 Dubin, L. and Amelar, R.D. Etiologic factors in 1294 consecutive cases of male infertility. Fertil Steril. 1971; 22: 469–474 Abstract | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (325) | Google Scholar See all References , 2 x 2 Cayan, S., Kadioğlu, T.C., Tefekli, A., Kadioğlu, A., and Tellaloğlu, S. Comparison of results and complications of high ligation surgery and microsurgical high inguinal varicocelectomy in the treatment of varicocele. Urology. 2000; 55: 750–754 Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (128) | Google Scholar See all References , 3 x 3 Marmar, J.L., Agarwal, A., Prabakaran, S., Agarwal, R., Short, R.A., Benoff, S., and Thomas, A.J. Jr. Reassessing the value of varicocelectomy as a treatment for male subfertility with a new meta-analysis. Fertil Steril. 2007; 88: 639–648 Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (171) | Google Scholar See all References ). However, the pathogenesis of testicular damage or the mechanism by which varicocele produces sperm dysfunction has not yet been clearly identified. Many mechanisms have been proposed in the physiopathology of varicocele, such as hypoxia, hyperthermia, renal-adrenal reflux, hormonal dysfunction, autoimmunity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis ( 4 x 4 Fretz, P.C. and Sandlow, J.I. Varicocele: current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Urol Clin North Am. 2002; 29: 921–937 Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (101) | Google Scholar See all References ) (4) .