BACKGROUND: Smartphone usage has become more common in daily life, and in certain situations, this may lead to addictive behavior. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal problems and cognitive flexibility in university students. METHODS: Smartphone addiction was evaluated with the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to evaluate musculoskeletal symptoms, and pain was measured with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Cognitive flexibility was assessed with the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI). RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between SAS total score and musculoskeletal problems in the upper back, lower back, hip and feet (p < 0.05, r = 0.11; r = 0.16; r = 0.11; r = 0.13, r = 0.14). Smartphone addiction showed a significant positive correlation with neck pain, right hand pain and right arm pain (p < 0.05, r = 0.13; r = 0.17; r = 0.14). There was a significant negative correlation between CFI total score and SAS total score (p < 0.05, r = – 0.13). CONCLUSIONS: Smartphone addiction is associated with musculoskeletal problems, pain and cognitive flexibility in university students. Encouraging an active lifestyle, physical activity, ergonomic arrangements, individual behavioral modification as well as environmental regulations and policies may eliminate the negative effects of smartphone addiction.

Purpose/aim: The aims of this study are to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia and sensory processing in fibromyalgia (FM) patients and obtain new information about kinesiophobia in light of these results. Materials and methods: This study has been conducted with 82 literate subjects aged 18–65 years and diagnosed with FM based on ACR 2010 diagnostic criteria. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire was used for measuring functional status in FM patients, The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia was used for determine the levels of kinesiophobia and Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile was used for determine the characteristics of sensory process patterns of the individuals. Results: Among the participants, sensory sensitivity scores of 65.85% and sensation avoiding scores of 40.24% were higher than that in the general population. Sensation seeking scores of 48.78% the subjects were lower compared to the general population. A significant and weak positive correlation was found between the kinesiophobia scores and responses of sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding (r = 0.23, p = 0.04; z = 0.29, p = 0.01) Conclusion: This is the first study conducted to investigate the relationship between kinesiophobia and sensory processing in fibromyalgia patients. However, different studies investigating this subject are warranted in order to be able to generalize the findings and increase the value of evidence.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between menstrual symptoms and motor imagery skills in young women. Methods: A total of 117 women between the ages of 18–40 were included in the study. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for the menstrual pain intensity, the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) for the menstrual-related symptoms, and the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 (KVIQ-20) for the motor imagery were used. All measurements were conducted on the first or second day of the menstruation, depending on when the subject declared subjectively experiencing most symptoms. Results: The relationship between menstruation symptoms and visual imagery (VI) and kinesthetic imagery (KI) skills was examined. A weak negative correlation was found between MSQ_negative effects/somatic complaints and KVIQ-20_KI (p = .040, r = −.199). The relationship between menstrual pain intensity and KVIQ-20 items was examined. The strongest relationship was found between VAS and KVIQ-20_knee_VI and KVIQ-20_hip_VI (p = 003, r = −.288; p = 005, r = −.270; p = 004, respectively). A weak negative correlation was also found between VAS and KVIQ-20_VI_total and KVIQ-20_KI_total (p = 0.004, r = −.275; p = 0.19, r = −.227, respectively). Discussion: This is the first study to examine menstrual symptoms in women in detail and reveal their relationship with motor imagery skills. Menstrual symptoms, especially negative effects/somatic complaints seen during menstruation, negatively affect kinesthetic imagery ability. In addition; chronic menstrual pain has a negative effect on both kinesthetic and visual imagery abilities. Considering the impairments in motor imagery skills due to negative effects/somatic complaints during menstruation and chronic menstrual pain, adding motor imagery training to treatment programs aimed at improving women’s health may have positive effects.

Adolescents diagnosed with Celiac Disease are at risk of experiencing physical, psychological and social difficulties that affect their quality of life. Dietary restrictions also create stress related to social difficulties in daily life.This study aimed to examine the associations between diet quality, social participation, quality of life, and occupational balance among adolescents diagnosed with Celiac Disease, and to evaluate the interrelationships among these variables. The study sample consisted of 52 adolescents diagnosed with Celiac Disease (aged 12–18 years) and 55 age-matched healthy controls. Data were collected on participants’ body composition, anthropometric measurements, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (assessed via the KIDMED index), social participation (Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation, CASP), Quality of Life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, PedsQL), and occupational balance (Adolescent Occupational Balance Scale, A-OBS). Spearman’s rank-order correlation analysis was conducted to examine the associations among the study variables. The mean KIDMED score was significantly higher in adolescents with Celiac Disease compared to healthy controls (24.09 ± 1.65 vs. 22.96 ± 2.45; p = 0.006). Additionally, the Celiac Disease group demonstrated significantly higher scores in total PedsQL, physical functioning, and school functioning domains (p < 0.05). Scores for the Adolescent Occupational Balance Scale (A-OBS), including total score, temporality, and rest and sleep subdomains, were also significantly elevated in the Celiac group (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis revealed no significant associations between the total KIDMED score and other measured parameters, except for a weak but statistically significant negative correlation with the CASP Home and Community Living Activities subscale (rho = − 0.292, p = 0.036). Furthermore, total PedsQL score was positively correlated with A-OBS total, temporality, and rest and sleep scores. This study demonstrated that adolescents with Celiac Disease exhibit higher diet quality compared to their healthy counterparts; however, this improved dietary adherence may be negatively associated with social participation. These findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach in the clinical management of Celiac Disease, taking into account not only nutritional adequacy but also psychosocial well-being.

The researchers’ aim is to examine the postural stability and flexibility responses of yoga training in women. The authors conducted the yoga training program 2 days a week and they assessed flexibility using the sit and reach test, trunk hyperextension test and trunk lateral flexion test. The researchers measured static and dynamic balance employing the device and database system. Then, the authors repeated all assesments were at the end of the first, the fifth and the tenth sessions. As a result of this study, the researchers revealed that the male participants had significantly poorer results in a single parameter (longitudinal sway) when compared with the female group, but the groups were statistically equivalent in this parameter after the first yoga training session. The authors also revealed that yoga was effective in improving flexibility among healthy young adults of both sexes, although the males showed greater improvement than females in the flexibility results.

Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinde serbest zaman fiziksel aktivite kısıtlayıcıları ile yaşamın anlamı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-25 yaş arasında toplam 97 öğrenci dahil edildi. Öğrencilerin tanımlayıcı özellikleri kaydedildi. Serbest zaman fiziksel aktivite kısıtlayıcılarını belirlemek için Serbest Zaman Fiziksel Aktivite Kısıtlayıcıları (SZFA-K) Ölçeği ve yaşamın anlamının belirlenmesi için Yaşamın Anlamı Ölçeği (YAÖ) kullanıldı. Sonuçlar: SZFA-K alt boyutlarından irade ile YAÖ alt boyutlarından mevcut anlam arasında zayıf düzeyde negatif yönde anlamlı korelasyon (r=-.206; p=.043) saptandı. Diğer alt boyutlar arasında ise anlamlı korelasyon saptanmadı. Tartışma: Çalışmamızda, serbest zaman fiziksel aktivite kısıtlayıcılarından irade faktörünün mevcut yaşamın anlamı ile ilişkisi olabileceği belirlendi. Serbest zaman fiziksel aktivite katılımının arttırılmasına yönelik programlar geliştirilirken; yapısal engeller kadar kişisel faktörlerin de ayrıntılı incelenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.