Monitoring of the marine environment has come to be a field of scientific interest in the last ten years. The instruments used in this work have ranged from small-scale sensor networks to complex observation systems. Among small-scale networks, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a highly attractive solution in that they are easy to deploy, operate and dismantle and are relatively inexpensive. The aim of this paper is to identify, appraise, select and synthesize all high quality research evidence relevant to the use of WSNs in oceanographic monitoring. The literature is systematically reviewed to offer an overview of the present state of this field of study and identify the principal resources that have been used to implement networks of this kind. Finally, this article details the challenges and difficulties that have to be overcome if these networks are to be successfully deployed.

Water is an essential resource for the development of agriculture. In several locations like the south-east of Spain water is scarce and its cost is high, so optimal management of this important resource isessential. Therefore, the application of irrigation strategies to improve the watering process, affects theprofitability of crops quite significantly. It is necessary to carry out the instrumentation of the variablesthat affect the growing process of the crop (soil, water and plant) and use the techniques associatedwith this instrumentation to take actions to optimize the production. The system proposed in this paperuses information and communication technologies, allowing the user to consult and analyze the infor-mation obtained by different sensors from any device (computer, mobile phone or tablet) in an easy andcomfortable way. The proposed architecture is based on different wireless nodes equipped with GPRSconnectivity. Each wireless node is completely autonomous and makes use of solar energy, giving it vir-tually unlimited autonomy. Different commercial sensors for measuring the wide range of parametersof the soil, plant and atmosphere can be connected to the nodes. The data is sent and processed on aremote server, which stores the information of the sensors in a database, allowing further consultationand analysis of data in a simple and versatile way.The development of this work was supported by the Span-ish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación) (MICINN) through the projects MICINN, AGL2010-19201-C04-04 and MINECO, AGL2013-49047-C2-1-R. We wouldlike to thank Widhoc Smart Solutions S.L. for letting us use theirfacilities to carry out the tests

Monitoring of marine ecosystems is essential to identify the parameters that determine their condition. The data derived from the sensors used to monitor them are a fundamental source for the development of mathematical models with which to predict the behaviour of conditions of the water, the sea bed and the living creatures inhabiting it. This paper is intended to explain and illustrate a design and implementation for a new multisensor monitoring buoy system. The system design is based on a number of fundamental requirements that set it apart from other recent proposals: low cost of implementation, the possibility of application in coastal shallow-water marine environments, suitable dimensions for deployment and stability of the sensor system in a shifting environment like the sea bed, and total autonomy of power supply and data recording. The buoy system has successfully performed remote monitoring of temperature and marine pressure (SBE 39 sensor), temperature (MCP9700 sensor) and atmospheric pressure (YOUNG 61302L sensor). The above requirements have been satisfactorily validated by operational trials in a marine environment. The proposed buoy sensor system thus seems to offer a broad range of applications.