High torque ripple limits the industrial application of switched reluctance motor (SRM) due to the deep magnetic saturation. This paper proposes a fuzzy indirect instant torque control (IITC) to suppress torque ripple. First, a fuzzy controller is developed to generate a compensation current according to the torque error. The input factor is then proposed and combined with artificial experience. Moreover, considering the relationship between current and electromagnetic torque, the output factor is appropriately designed according to the linearized inductance derivative. Finally, based on a three-phase 12/8 SRM, simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy IITC at torque ripple suppression. Compared with traditional proportion differentiation (PD) IITC, the fuzzy IITC proves its superiority in reducing torque ripple.

High torque ripple dramatically affects the switched reluctance motor (SRM) application. To reduce the torque ripple, a reference torque neural network (RTNN) is proposed to adjust the reference torque online. Firstly, the RTNN is built on the torque sharing function (TSF) method. Furthermore, the RTNN is designed as a single-input and -output network. As the periodic relationship between the torque ripple and the rotor angle, the rotor angle constitutes the central node parameter of the implicit function in RTNN. Therefore, one-step adjustment of the RTNN can perform well at restraining reference torque. Lastly, the torque error is used to adjust the parameters of RTNN to reduce the torque ripple. In the MATLAB environment, through the simulation comparison with fuzzy torque and PD current compensation method, the effectiveness of RTNN at torque ripple suppression is proven with different loads and speeds.

In this study, we use a phase-changing material vanadium dioxide (VO₂) to design a multilayer metasurface structure to achieve the transition from an electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) device to an absorber. The structure consists of a gold layer, a polyimide spacer layer, a VO₂ layer, and a sapphire substrate. The top layer consists of one cut wire and two split-ring resonators with the same parameters. When the VO₂ layer is in its insulating phase at room temperature, the peak of the EIT device will appear near 1.138 THz. When the VO₂ layer is in the metallic state, two absorption peaks above 99.5% appear separately at 1.19 and 1.378 THz, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a coupled mode equation is used to perform theoretical calculations for EIT devices and perfect absorbers simultaneously, and this is also the first time that coupled mode equations are used for the theoretical calculations of two absorption peaks in an absorber. The proposed metasurface combines the advantages of terahertz absorption, EIT and active device control, which will provide more ideas for the design of future terahertz devices and is also significant for the design and development of radomes for future stealth aircraft.

To solve the problems of heavy volume, low integration and slow response of the existing industrial uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) braking system, an aircraft electro-hydrostatic braking system with integrated function and structure, high integration and adaptability to extreme environment was designed and developed based on the high-speed switch valve group. The system uses a single hydraulic pump source and four high-speed on-off valves to control the braking pressure, and a pair of high-speed on-off valves control the braking pressure of all the way, and an overflow valve is added to the circuit to realize the safety redundancy of the hydraulic circuit. The high-speed on-off valve gives the system high precision and high response. Under the condition of target pressure of 6 MPa, the pressure error can be controlled within 0.1 MPa and the response time is less than 0.25s. The differential anti-skid control of two braking pressures can be realized by four switch valve groups, and the steering movement and parking behavior of the aircraft can be completed.

To address the limitation of traditional surprise boxes that only support single or fixed quantity customization, this paper proposed a new method: utilizing comparators to detect cascaded quantities for specific customization. This innovative approach aims to simplify the customization process of surprise boxes while avoiding the complexity of using micro-controllers for quantity determination. A dual comparator is employed to compare the results that are greater or smaller than the set quantity. Then the output of the dual comparator is connected to an AND gate circuit, triggering the hidden function of the central surprise box when the AND gate generates high levels. The system design involves setting the number of surprise boxes and connecting upper and lower limit comparators to the current surprise box connection signal. By selecting the size of the cascade resistor, the number of surprise boxes can be determined. This paper provides step-by-step instructions for calculating the cascade resistor. Furthermore, the proposed method’s reliability in determining the number of surprise boxes is demonstrated by setting the number of secondary surprise boxes to seven and four, with the allowed resistance error 6.4% and 11%, respectively. The results indicate that a higher number of connected surprise boxes leads to a smaller range of cascaded resistors and higher accuracy requirements. Through these case studies, it has been verified that the design using dual comparators can achieve the desired quantity detection, and the detection circuit exhibits a high degree of redundancy in resistance value error, resulting in increased reliability of the detection results.