Significant apoptotic effect in Hep2c cell line has been investigated, when diode laser (λ = 635 nm, red) are used as a source of illumination and initiation of photodynamic action. The optimal uptake time of Photofrin® for Hep2c cell line was investigated by means of spectrophotometric measurement. Quantification of the live cell population was determined by means of neutral red assay (NRA). The spectrometry measurements showed that after 46 h incubation, the maximal cellular uptake of Photofrin® was achieved and photocytotoxic assay showed that light dose of 120 J/cm² give effective PDT outcome for Hep2c cell line incubated with 85 μg/ml of Photofrin®. No significant phototoxic and cytotoxic effects on Hep2c cells were observed due to light doses or photosensitize, when studied independently of each other and Photofrin® showed good anti tumor effects.

This study evaluated the accuracy of sequence imputation in Hanwoo beef cattle using different reference panels: a large multi-breed reference with no Hanwoo (n = 6269), a much smaller Hanwoo purebred reference (n = 88), and both datasets combined (n = 6357). The target animals were 136 cattle both sequenced and genotyped with the Illumina BovineSNP50 v2 (50K). The average imputation accuracy measured by the Pearson correlation (R) was 0.695 with the multi-breed reference, 0.876 with the purebred Hanwoo, and 0.887 with the combined data; the average concordance rates (CR) were 88.16%, 94.49%, and 94.84%, respectively. The accuracy gains from adding a large multi-breed reference of 6269 samples to only 88 Hanwoo was marginal; however, the concordance rate for the heterozygotes decreased from 85% to 82%, and the concordance rate for fixed SNPs in Hanwoo also decreased from 99.98% to 98.73%. Although the multi-breed panel was large, it was not sufficiently representative of the breed for accurate imputation without the Hanwoo animals. Additionally, we evaluated the value of high-density 700K genotypes (n = 991) as an intermediary step in the imputation process. The imputation accuracy differences were negligible between a single-step imputation strategy from 50K directly to sequence and a two-step imputation approach (50K-700K-sequence). We also observed that imputed sequence data can be used as a reference panel for imputation (mean R = 0.9650, mean CR = 98.35%). Finally, we identified 31 poorly imputed genomic regions in the Hanwoo genome and demonstrated that imputation accuracies were particularly lower at the chromosomal ends.

The proceedings of the 12th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production provide you with 816 papers representing the leading research in livestock genetics around the globe. This boo...