Detecting the factors affecting drivers’ safe driving and taking early warning measures can effectively reduce the probability of automobile safety accidents and improve vehicle driving safety. Considering the two factors of driver fatigue and distraction state, their influences on driver behavior are elaborated from both experimental data and an accident library analysis. Starting from three modes and six types, intelligent detection methods for driver fatigue and distraction detection from the past five years are reviewed in detail. Considering its wide range of applications, the research on machine vision detection based on facial features in the past five years is analyzed, and the methods are carefully classified and compared according to their innovation points. Further, three safety warning and response schemes are proposed in light of the development of autonomous driving and intelligent cockpit technology. Finally, the paper summarizes the current state of research in the field, presents five conclusions, and discusses future trends.

Structural health and construction security are important problems in civil engineering. Regular infrastructure inspection and monitoring methods are mostly performed manually. Early automatic structural health monitoring techniques were mostly based on contact sensors, which usually are difficult to maintain in complex infrastructure environments. Therefore, non-contact infrastructure inspection and monitoring techniques received increasing interest in recent years, and they are widely used in all aspects of infrastructure life, owing to their convenience and non-destructive properties. This paper provides an overview of vision-based inspection and vision–laser-based monitoring techniques and applications. The inspection part includes image-processing algorithms, object detection, and semantic segmentation. In particular, infrastructure monitoring involves not only visual technologies but also different fusion methods of vision and lasers. Furthermore, the most important challenges for future automatic non-contact inspections and monitoring are discussed and the paper correspondingly concludes with state-of-the-art algorithms and applications to resolve these challenges.

3D printing has emerged as one of the modern tissue engineering techniques that could potentially form scaffolds (with or without cells), which is useful in treating cardiovascular diseases. This technology has attracted extensive attention due to its possibility of curing disease in tissue engineering and organ regeneration. In this paper, we have developed a novel rotary forming device, prepared an alginate–gelatin solution for the fabrication of vessel-like structures, and further proposed a theoretical model to analyze the parameters of motion synchronization. Using this rotary forming device, we firstly establish a theoretical model to analyze the thickness under the different nozzle extrusion speeds, nozzle speeds, and servo motor speeds. Secondly, the experiments with alginate–gelatin solution are carried out to construct the vessel-like structures under all sorts of conditions. The experiment results show that the thickness cannot be adequately predicted by the theoretical model and the thickness can be controlled by changing the parameters. Finally, the optimized parameters of thickness have been adjusted to estimate the real thickness in 3D printing.

3D bioprinting has shown great promise in the field of tissue engineering, which offers a vital and significant platform for organ regeneration. Therefore, an increasing focus on 3D bioprinting, coupled with a growing knowledge of cell–cell interaction and cell encapsulation, has driven researchers to discover the preferable biomaterials that enable the greatest possible to reconstruct artificial organs with the different cells and hydrogel. One important challenge is to adapt materials selected to improve the cell survival rate. In this paper, we firstly summarise the fundamentals and the latest application of biomaterials that have significant characteristics such as porous, biodegradability, biological compatibility, and adaptability, and further describe formation mechanisms of droplet under the different cell encapsulation technologies, and finally highlight integration application of cell encapsulation and 3D bioprinting.

Nowadays, TLS (terrestrial laser scanning) has been a relatively mature measuring equipment categorized to indoor measuring robots, but it is not widely adopted in indoor construction measurement at present. What accounts for its limited application are as follows: (1) the high cost of high‐accuracy laser LIDAR and (2) existing TLS equipment does not possess self‐adaptation scanning planning and takes no account of efficiency of point cloud processing and consumption of computing power. This paper proposes a novel TLS equipment and a high‐efficiency point cloud processing method customized for the novel equipment, with purpose to achieve self‐adaption measurement on the basis of indoor characteristics of construction during civil engineering at low cost. This paper mainly presents two parts of innovations: (1) for planning of scanning, the novel TLS features planning sampling density of scanning according to room size and converting scanning data from poses to point clouds, and (2) for processing of point clouds, this paper proposes two novel segmentation algorithms, namely, “on‐boundary segmentation algorithm” and “on‐angular‐distance segmentation algorithm,” based on indoor spatial structure features and characteristics of TLS. Besides, this paper presents modified RANSAC‐TLS (random sample consensus‐total least squares) plane fitting algorithm, on basis of TLS point cloud distribution characteristics and spatial transformation. Through actual measurement test, it is concluded that the “on‐boundary segmentation algorithm” and “on‐angular‐distance segmentation algorithm” are suitable for point cloud segmentation in different types of scenes. The modified RANSAC‐TLS have made a great improvement on accuracy of fitting versus LS (least squares), TLS (total least squares), and RANSAC‐LS. Finally, this paper conducts an experiment by executing an actual measurement and then preliminarily testifies the potential and future application of the proposed novel TLS (terrestrial laser scanning) equipment, with measurement parameters from it being changed in the experiment, by comparing with one existing TLS equipment—FARO. The test thus proves the relatively high feasibility and potential of the novel TLS presented in the paper (terrestrial laser scanning) in actual indoor measurement.