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This paper aims to analyse the nexus between tourism activities, including tourists’ circulation, accommodation or entertainment, and environmental degradation. Consequently, the conceptual framework captures the complexity of the nexus between tourism and the environment, given that tourism activities can be performed by tourists or for tourists and that tourism depends on the environmental quality, and, consequently, we highlight the impact of tourism activities on biodiversity loss through the pollution effects that they generate, i.e., air pollution, water pollution, or noise pollution, as well as their contribution to waste increase or to the depletion of natural resources. To achieve this goal, we apply structural equation modelling based on partial least squares analysis (PLS). The results based on tourists’ opinions highlight the existence of a direct and significant nexus between tourists’ activities and environmental degradation, with many implications and consequences.
Mirela Ștefănică; Christiana Brigitte Sandu; Gina Ionela Butnaru; Alina-Petronela Haller. The Nexus between Tourism Activities and Environmental Degradation: Romanian Tourists’ Opinions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9210 .
AMA StyleMirela Ștefănică, Christiana Brigitte Sandu, Gina Ionela Butnaru, Alina-Petronela Haller. The Nexus between Tourism Activities and Environmental Degradation: Romanian Tourists’ Opinions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9210.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirela Ștefănică; Christiana Brigitte Sandu; Gina Ionela Butnaru; Alina-Petronela Haller. 2021. "The Nexus between Tourism Activities and Environmental Degradation: Romanian Tourists’ Opinions." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9210.
Recently, in line with the increased attention paid to cultural tourism in general and to religious tourism in particular, researchers and practitioners have become increasingly interested in the analysis of various aspects related to cultural heritage in order to capitalize on its value by means of its interpretation, thus providing beneficial effects both for tourists and for tourism’s sustainable development. The aim of this research is to analyze the extent to which the methods of interpretation of the religious cultural heritage: guiding tours, quality reception, and relic worship influence the satisfaction of tourists participating in the “Saint Parascheva” pilgrimage, held annually by the Metropolitan Cathedral in Iasi. The data were collected by means of a survey (N = 932) and the information was processed by using the SPSS version 25 program. Our results indicate the significant influence that the potential to worship relics has on pilgrims’ satisfaction compared to other interpretation methods, such as the relationship with the Cathedral’s staff or the possibility of participating in guided tours. Pilgrims’ satisfaction is also perceived differently depending on certain aspects of their socio-demographic profile, i.e., their age and the perceived faith level. This study is relevant for researchers, managers, and students interested in the field of cultural heritage interpretation in genera, and in the field of religious heritage in particular, and could significantly contribute to improving pilgrims’ satisfaction as well as cultural heritage preservation.
Maria Tătărușanu; Gina Butnaru; Valentin Niță; Angelica-Nicoleta Neculăesei; Elena Ciortescu. The Influence of Interpretation through Guiding Tour, Quality of Reception and Relics’ Worship on the Satisfaction of Pilgrims Attending the Iasi Feast. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6905 .
AMA StyleMaria Tătărușanu, Gina Butnaru, Valentin Niță, Angelica-Nicoleta Neculăesei, Elena Ciortescu. The Influence of Interpretation through Guiding Tour, Quality of Reception and Relics’ Worship on the Satisfaction of Pilgrims Attending the Iasi Feast. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6905.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Tătărușanu; Gina Butnaru; Valentin Niță; Angelica-Nicoleta Neculăesei; Elena Ciortescu. 2021. "The Influence of Interpretation through Guiding Tour, Quality of Reception and Relics’ Worship on the Satisfaction of Pilgrims Attending the Iasi Feast." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6905.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted normal activities such as going to school, moving education online. Based on data gathered through a survey (N = 784), this paper analyses students’ perceptions regarding the effectiveness of online education in a period when this type of education is the only available option. Although several studies suggest that online education can be as effective as traditional education which requires attendance, few studies have focused on learner satisfaction with online instruction, particularly in the transition to online learning from traditional approaches. The results indicate that students react differently to online education, and their reaction is based on their proficiency in using online tools, their ability to technically access online courses, and the instructors’ manner in conducting learning activities.
Gina Butnaru; Valentin Niță; Alexandru Anichiti; Geanina Brînză. The Effectiveness of Online Education during Covid 19 Pandemic—A Comparative Analysis between the Perceptions of Academic Students and High School Students from Romania. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5311 .
AMA StyleGina Butnaru, Valentin Niță, Alexandru Anichiti, Geanina Brînză. The Effectiveness of Online Education during Covid 19 Pandemic—A Comparative Analysis between the Perceptions of Academic Students and High School Students from Romania. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGina Butnaru; Valentin Niță; Alexandru Anichiti; Geanina Brînză. 2021. "The Effectiveness of Online Education during Covid 19 Pandemic—A Comparative Analysis between the Perceptions of Academic Students and High School Students from Romania." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5311.
This study investigates safety and security from the perspective of Romanian tourists by assessing the level of importance that tourists give to safety and security depending on the level of classification of the services they experienced and the generation to which they belong. We used a quantitative research method in the form of a questionnaire and analysed eight dimensions of safety and security: detectors, emergency preparedness, medical preparedness, staff security, guestroom security, pool and beach security, hotel access control, and cyber security. We identified the differences between tourists’ perception of safety and security depending on the level of classification of accommodation services and on generation.
Alexandru Anichiti; Larisa-Loredana Dragolea; Georgia-Daniela Tacu Hârșan; Alina-Petronela Haller; Gina Butnaru. Aspects Regarding Safety and Security in Hotels: Romanian Experience. Information 2021, 12, 44 .
AMA StyleAlexandru Anichiti, Larisa-Loredana Dragolea, Georgia-Daniela Tacu Hârșan, Alina-Petronela Haller, Gina Butnaru. Aspects Regarding Safety and Security in Hotels: Romanian Experience. Information. 2021; 12 (1):44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandru Anichiti; Larisa-Loredana Dragolea; Georgia-Daniela Tacu Hârșan; Alina-Petronela Haller; Gina Butnaru. 2021. "Aspects Regarding Safety and Security in Hotels: Romanian Experience." Information 12, no. 1: 44.
The paper aims to analyze the entrepreneurial intention determinants in nine post-transition economies of European member states. To achieve our stated goal, the study focused on the influence of fear of failure and networking on individuals’ inclination towards entrepreneurship. Additionally, gender, income, education, and work status were also considered control variables. The data were collected using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database. We included responses collected from nine former transition economies, giving us a total of 13,494 observations, for 2015. Logistic regression models were employed to measure the influence of perceptions on the propenisty of individuals to create a new venture. The results indicated that fear of failure is significantly and negatively correlated with entrepreneurial intentions for all groups of countries. The results also indicated that people who have entrepreneurs in the family have a higher propensity for entrepreneurial intentions than people who do not have family members with such a status.
Ana Vodă; Alina-Petronela Haller; Alexandru Anichiti; Gina Butnaru. Testing Entrepreneurial Intention Determinants in Post-Transition Economies. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10370 .
AMA StyleAna Vodă, Alina-Petronela Haller, Alexandru Anichiti, Gina Butnaru. Testing Entrepreneurial Intention Determinants in Post-Transition Economies. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Vodă; Alina-Petronela Haller; Alexandru Anichiti; Gina Butnaru. 2020. "Testing Entrepreneurial Intention Determinants in Post-Transition Economies." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10370.
Economic and social progress is directly and closely related to energy consumption. In the latest decades, there is a higher need to reduce energy consumption from conventional sources, replacing it with energy obtained from unconventional sources. The environmental concern is one of the objectives of the European economic policy, with a particular focus on renewable energy consumption and energy efficiency in order to lower the environmental impact. In this context, we analyzed energy consumption per capita and renewable energy consumption per capita in the EU with the help of parametric methods, using the β-convergence model, and semiparametric methods, using the σ-convergence model. In this research we proposed to study six analysis models of the period 1960–2015, based on the availability of data. We concluded that the EU states went through a convergence process in a slow pace of energy consumption per capita and renewable energy per capita, showing a convergence pattern. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between the convergence of conventional energy consumption and the convergence of renewable (unconventional) energy consumption. The study covers a long period of time in which EU member states had different economic and social systems, implicitly different degrees and rates of development. In addition, the interest in renewable energy is relatively recent in the whole world. There is a possibility that future research will provide more optimistic results, in terms of accelerating the convergence rate, as appropriate measures and technologies are applied to renewable energy production in all EU member states.
Gina Butnaru; Alina-Petronela Haller; Raluca Clipa; Mirela Ștefănică; Mihaela Ifrim. The Nexus Between Convergence of Conventional and Renewable Energy Consumption in the Present European Union States. Explorative Study on Parametric and Semi-Parametric Methods. Energies 2020, 13, 5272 .
AMA StyleGina Butnaru, Alina-Petronela Haller, Raluca Clipa, Mirela Ștefănică, Mihaela Ifrim. The Nexus Between Convergence of Conventional and Renewable Energy Consumption in the Present European Union States. Explorative Study on Parametric and Semi-Parametric Methods. Energies. 2020; 13 (20):5272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGina Butnaru; Alina-Petronela Haller; Raluca Clipa; Mirela Ștefănică; Mihaela Ifrim. 2020. "The Nexus Between Convergence of Conventional and Renewable Energy Consumption in the Present European Union States. Explorative Study on Parametric and Semi-Parametric Methods." Energies 13, no. 20: 5272.
The present study analyses the relationship between economic growth and tourism growth at the level of Central and East European countries, using the spillover indices approach. Based on the monthly data obtained for the period 2000–2019, the analysis of this paper presents certain empirical results. Firstly, the relationship economic growth-international tourism grow is not stable over time, both from the point of view of its size and its direction, which suggests that the specific activities of international tourism contribute to the economic growth and hypotheses according to which international tourism growth causes economic growth are time-dependent. Secondly, the relationship economic growth-international tourism growth is dependent on certain major events, such as the economic and financial crisis that started in 2008 and the debt crises from 2010. The results obtained show that the impact of these events influences the direction of the relationship between international tourism and economic growth which becomes more accentuated during the economic growth periods.
Viorica Chirilă; Gina Butnaru; Ciprian Chirilă. Spillover Index Approach in Investigating the Linkage between International Tourism and Economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7604 .
AMA StyleViorica Chirilă, Gina Butnaru, Ciprian Chirilă. Spillover Index Approach in Investigating the Linkage between International Tourism and Economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7604.
Chicago/Turabian StyleViorica Chirilă; Gina Butnaru; Ciprian Chirilă. 2020. "Spillover Index Approach in Investigating the Linkage between International Tourism and Economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7604.
The objective of this study involves identifying the influence of different perceptual attributes on the likelihood of engaging in early-stage entrepreneurial activities (TEA). The study correspondingly applies individual data based on the statistics gathered from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Adult Population Survey database for 18 European Countries in 2007 and 2014. We performed several logistic regression analyses in order to test the influence of some entrepreneurial attributes on the propensity to engage in TEA. We identified four perceptual determinants: Capability to identify opportunity; having the skills, knowledge and experience to start up a business; fear of failure; and knowing other entrepreneurs. We tested their effect along with some control variables and interaction effects. The results confirm the importance of these factors in explaining entrepreneurial activities across different economies.
Ana Iolanda Vodă; Gina Ionela Butnaru; Rodica Cristina Butnaru. Enablers of Entrepreneurial Activity across the European Union—An Analysis Using GEM Individual Data. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1022 .
AMA StyleAna Iolanda Vodă, Gina Ionela Butnaru, Rodica Cristina Butnaru. Enablers of Entrepreneurial Activity across the European Union—An Analysis Using GEM Individual Data. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1022.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Iolanda Vodă; Gina Ionela Butnaru; Rodica Cristina Butnaru. 2020. "Enablers of Entrepreneurial Activity across the European Union—An Analysis Using GEM Individual Data." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1022.
The economic stability is the main goal of every country’s administration, contributing to the decrease of uncertainty, creating an attractive business environment, attracting foreign direct investment and contributing to economic growth, which increases the standard of living, reduces income inequalities, represents a sustainable development for the country and puts an end to the migration process. Migration flows lower the demographic resources of the states going through this process and consequently they compromise the possibility for future generations to support a sustainable economic growth. Migration is a process with an aggressive and alarming manifestation in Romania and Bulgaria, raising the problem of the future capacity of these countries to ensure long-term economic and social sustainability and requiring an analysis framework from a scientific perspective. The current study proposes a comparative study to identify the important determinants of international migration in the EU28 and analyses the impact of remittances on economic growth/stability and income inequality in Romania and Bulgaria—Central and Eastern Europe countries—for the period between 1990 and 2015. The main contribution of the present study consists in emphasising the common determinants of the two countries regarding the migration process and at the same time providing solutions to improve government policies to contribute to the economic and social sustainability. The authors employed a multiple regression model and the correlation analysis, and tested 8 hypotheses for Romania and Bulgaria. The results indicated that the main determinants of the migration process in Romania and Bulgaria are the inflation rate, the income inequality and household consumption expenditure. Furthermore, the results indicated that there is not a direct relationship between the remittances received/capita and GDP/capita growth rate in Romania and Bulgaria. In addition, there is a direct relationship (negative and with average intensity) between the remittances received/capita and price inflation rate in Romania but not in Bulgaria. In the case of Romania and Bulgaria, the results indicate that there is a direct relationship with a similar intensity between the remittances received/capita and the unemployment rate, the household final consumption and income inequality.
Alina Petronela Haller; Rodica Cristina Butnaru; Gina Ionela Butnaru. International Migrant Remittances in the Context of Economic and Social Sustainable Development. A Comparative Study of Romania-Bulgaria. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1156 .
AMA StyleAlina Petronela Haller, Rodica Cristina Butnaru, Gina Ionela Butnaru. International Migrant Remittances in the Context of Economic and Social Sustainable Development. A Comparative Study of Romania-Bulgaria. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (4):1156.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlina Petronela Haller; Rodica Cristina Butnaru; Gina Ionela Butnaru. 2018. "International Migrant Remittances in the Context of Economic and Social Sustainable Development. A Comparative Study of Romania-Bulgaria." Sustainability 10, no. 4: 1156.
This paper emphasises how the quality of tourist services can be evaluated. The first part presents the best known models developed by specialists for service quality evaluation, then the authors created their own model. According to this model, a global quality evaluation indicator of tourist services was proposed, based on certain aspects of quality aimed by both the provider and the customer/consumer of tourist services. The calculus of this indicator was exemplified in the case of a Romanian tourist area, Vatra Dornei.
Gina Ionela Butnaru; Amanda Miller; Valentin Nita; Mirela Stefanica. A new approach on the quality evaluation of tourist services. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja 2018, 31, 1418 -1436.
AMA StyleGina Ionela Butnaru, Amanda Miller, Valentin Nita, Mirela Stefanica. A new approach on the quality evaluation of tourist services. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 2018; 31 (1):1418-1436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGina Ionela Butnaru; Amanda Miller; Valentin Nita; Mirela Stefanica. 2018. "A new approach on the quality evaluation of tourist services." Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja 31, no. 1: 1418-1436.
Tourism is an activity which globally develops proportionally with the evolution of progress. The opportunities we enjoy are bigger than ever, but their price should be lowered in order for the global society to develop its wealth. This can be performed by sustainability, a concept which will join in the future all economic activities, not only tourism. Our analysis is focused on the specific case of the UK, one of the main tourist destinations in the world. It is well known that cultural tourism is the form attracting the highest number of foreign visitors. However, we can see the importance given to rural tourism. The main methods used to perform the present analysis are β and σ convergence. They proved their efficiency in other research studies, which led to a high degree of accuracy of the results. β and σ convergence analysis is performed on a sample of 12 Economic Development Regions from the UK, among which we will determine the degree of convergence and divergence of sustainable rural tourism.
Gina Ionela Butnaru; Alina Petronela Haller. Perspective of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): Comparative Study of β and σ Convergence in the Economic Development Regions. Sustainability 2017, 9, 525 .
AMA StyleGina Ionela Butnaru, Alina Petronela Haller. Perspective of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): Comparative Study of β and σ Convergence in the Economic Development Regions. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (4):525.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGina Ionela Butnaru; Alina Petronela Haller. 2017. "Perspective of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): Comparative Study of β and σ Convergence in the Economic Development Regions." Sustainability 9, no. 4: 525.
This work analyses a series of concepts regarding competence, creativity and productivity by the preparation of the future labour to become performant and creative, in order to support successfully and efficiently the future economy of the world.In this paper we analysed implications of the European Union concerning the development of human resources by presenting the funds allocated in this purpose from 2007 to 2013.The contribution of this work is of theoretical nature, and has the purpose to present as clearly as possible the necessity to invest in human resources in order to face the new requirements imposed by an economy based on knowledge, performance, and creativity.Keywords: Competence, Creativity, Productivity, Performance, Human Capital
Gina Ionela Butnaru; Corina Matei Gherman. Competence, Creativity, Productivity and Performance through Human Capital. International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2012, 2, 222 .
AMA StyleGina Ionela Butnaru, Corina Matei Gherman. Competence, Creativity, Productivity and Performance through Human Capital. International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 2012; 2 (1):222.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGina Ionela Butnaru; Corina Matei Gherman. 2012. "Competence, Creativity, Productivity and Performance through Human Capital." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, no. 1: 222.