This paper takes the biochar application test at scientific research bases where a piece of an area for the test in Shenyang Agricultural University as the research object. Seven fertilization treatments are selected, combined with field experiments and indoor analysis methods to study the effects of biochar with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on soil nutrient and corn yield. The results showed that: application of biochar can significantly increase soil organic matter content, and increase with the content of biochar added; application of biochar can obviously increase the content of available N and rapid available P in the soil; under the conditions of this experiment, biochar with nitrogen and phosphorus potassium treatment can increase soil available potassium content. There were no significant effects that different amounts of biochar on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium.

The combined application of manure and chemical fertilizers has been recognized as a critical factor driving significant changes in crop yield and nutrient use efficiency, holding the potential to optimize agricultural management to achieve high yields. In this 40-year study, we investigated the effect of manure amendment on soybean and maize yields, water and nitrogen use efficiencies (WUE and NUE), and water and mineral N storage at 0–100 cm soil depths from 2017 to 2018 to explore the optimization of fertilization management strategies for soybean and maize production in Northeast China. To elucidate the impact of chemical fertilizers and manure, twelve treatments—control (CK); single N fertilizer at a low rate (N₁) and that at a high rate (N₂); N₁, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer (N₁PK); manure alone at 13.5 and 27 t ha⁻¹ (M₁ and M₂); and those combined with N, P, or K fertilizer (M₁N₁, M₁N₂, and M₁N₁PK and M₂N₁, M₂N₂, and M₂N₁PK)—were selected and studied. The results showed that long-term amendment with manure significantly increased crop biomass and yield in the soybean–maize–maize rotation system. Combining with manure increased the WUE, the partial factor productivity of N fertilizer (PFP_N), and N physiological efficiency (PE_N) in both the soybean and maize seasons; conserved soil water (mainly at 40–60 cm); and increased soil N retention (in the upper 60 cm layer), which reduced the risk of N leaching, with a better effect being observed after the application of 13.5 t ha⁻¹ manure. These results provide insight into the potential of using fertilization management strategies that include amendment with 13.5 t ha⁻¹ manure in combination with N, P, and K fertilizer in the maize season and only chemical fertilizer in the soybean season, as these results indicate that such strategies can achieve high yields and be used to implement agricultural sustainable development in brown soil regions in Northeast China.