In this study, the academic performance of students from the E-Commerce department at Palestine Technical University – Kadoorie is predicted using a Markov chains model and educational data mining. Based on the complete data regarding the achievements of the students from the 2016 cohort of students obtained from the university’s admissions and registration department, a Markov chain is built, in which the states are divided according to the semester average of the student, and the ratio of students in each state is calculated in the long run. The results obtained are compared with the data from the 2015 cohort, which demonstrates the efficiency of the Markov chains model. For educational data mining, the classification technique is applied, and the decision tree algorithm is used to predict the academic performance of the students, generalizing results with an accuracy of 41.67%.

Green human resources management (GHRM) is a critical research issue that has emerged in recent decades. This study aims to investigate the effect of GHRM practices on sustainable performance, with green innovation as a mediating variable, in manufacturing firms in Palestine. To this end, a research model was developed, and a self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed to a random sample of top management personnel in manufacturing firms in Palestine. The research model was assessed via the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using the Smart-PLS software, based on a sample of 58 responses. The model revealed that GHRM practices, green innovation, and sustainable performance are implemented at a moderate level. Moreover, the results confirmed that GHRM practices and green innovation have significant positive effects on sustainable performance. GHRM practices also positively and significantly affect green innovation. Green innovation partially mediates the relation between GHRM practices and sustainable performance. The results of this research present a conceptual framework and a guideline for policymakers in manufacturing firms on how to use GHRM practices to strengthen employees’ commitment to the environment in order to maximize sustainable performance. Furthermore, the study provides a holistic view of GHRM practices, green innovation, and sustainable performance; such a perspective is considered a foundation for future research directions and provides empirical evidence about the relationships between these variables.