Presently, biopreservation through protective bacterial cultures and their antimicrobial products or using antibacterial compounds derived from plants are proposed as feasible strategies to maintain the long shelf-life of products. Another emerging category of food biopreservatives are bacteriophages or their antibacterial enzymes called “phage lysins” or “enzybiotics”, which can be used directly as antibacterial agents due to their ability to act on the membranes of bacteria and destroy them. Bacteriophages are an alternative to antimicrobials in the fight against bacteria, mainly because they have a practically unique host range that gives them great specificity. In addition to their potential ability to specifically control strains of pathogenic bacteria, their use does not generate a negative environmental impact as in the case of antibiotics. Both phages and their enzymes can favor a reduction in antibiotic use, which is desirable given the alarming increase in resistance to antibiotics used not only in human medicine but also in veterinary medicine, agriculture, and in general all processes of manufacturing, preservation, and distribution of food. We present here an overview of the scientific background of phages and enzybiotics in the food industry, as well as food applications of these biopreservatives.

The integration of a flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) and a power system stabilizer (PSS) can increase dynamic stability. This paper presents the enhancement of power system dynamic stability through the optimal design of a power system stabilizer and UPFC using an ant lion optimization (ALO) technique to enhance transmission line capacity. The gained damping ratio, eigenvalue and time domain results of the suggested ALO technique were compared with a base case system, ALO-based PSS and ALO-based PSS-UPFC to test the effectiveness of the proposed system in different loading cases. Eigenvalues gained from an ant lion approach-based UPFC with a PSS and a base case system are compared to examine the robustness of the ALO method for various loading conditions. Thus, this paper addresses the mechanism regarding the power system dynamic stability of transmission lines by integrating the optimal size of a PSS and UPFC into the power system. Therefore, the main contribution of this manuscript is the optimal coordination of a power system stabilizer, power oscillation damper and unified power flow using ant lion optimization for the mitigation of low-frequency oscillation.

Mobility and low energy consumption are considered the main requirements for wireless body area sensor networks (WBASN) used in healthcare monitoring systems (HMS). In HMS, battery-powered sensor nodes with limited energy are used to obtain vital statistics about the body. Hence, energy-efficient schemes are desired to maintain long-term and steady connectivity of the sensor nodes. A sheer amount of energy is consumed in activities such as idle listening, excessive transmission and reception of control messages, packet collisions and retransmission of packets, and poor path selection, that may lead to more energy consumption. A combination of adaptive scheduling with an energy-efficient protocol can help select an appropriate path at a suitable time to minimize the control overhead, energy consumption, packet collision, and excessive idle listening. This paper proposes a region-based energy-efficient multipath routing (REMR) approach that divides the entire sensor network into clusters with preferably multiple candidates to represent each cluster. The cluster representatives (CRs) route packets through various clusters. For routing, the energy requirement of each route is considered, and the path with minimum energy requirements is selected. Similarly, end-to-end delay, higher throughput, and packet-delivery ratio are considered for packet routing.

The purpose of this article is to help to bridge the gap between sustainability and its application to project management by developing a methodology based on artificial intelligence to diagnose, classify, and forecast the level of sustainability of a sample of 186 projects aimed at local communities in Latin American and Caribbean countries. First, the compliance evaluation with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the framework of the 2030 Agenda served to diagnose and determine, through fuzzy sets, a global sustainability index for the sample, resulting in a value of 0.638, in accordance with the overall average for the region. Probabilistic predictions were then made on the sustainability of the projects using a series of supervised learning classifiers (SVM, Random Forest, AdaBoost, KNN, etc.), with the SMOTE resampling technique, which provided a significant improvement toward the results of the different metrics of the base models. In this context, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) + SMOTE was the best classification algorithm, with accuracy of 0.92. Lastly, the extrapolation of this methodology is to be expected toward other realities and local circumstances, contributing to the fulfillment of the SDGs and the development of individual and collective capacities through the management and direction of projects.

Antecedentes: En la península de Yucatán, algunas zonas del manglar han sido rellenadas con escombros y basura, donde posteriormente se establecieron zonas habitacionales. Preguntas: ¿Puede usarse el conocimiento de la estructura forestal y el almacén de carbono para establecer la línea base para la conservación de los manglares urbanos? Especies de estudio: Rhizophora mangle L., Laguncularia racemosa Gaertn f., Avicennia germinans L. y Conocarpus erectus L. Sitio y años de estudio: Isla del Carmen, Campeche, año 2017. Métodos: Se establecieron unidades de muestreo para evaluar la vegetación y medir el carbono aéreo y subterráneo en dos zonas de manglar, la primera fue rellenada con escombros y otra sin cambios del suelo. Resultados: La zona rellenada con escombros presentó un área basal de 25.4 m2 ha-1, donde A. germinans fue la especie dominante con 675 árboles ha-1, con promedios de 5.5 m en altura y 13.4 cm de diámetro. La otra zona sin cambios del suelo presentó un área basal de 27.8 m2 ha-1, siendo también A. germinans la especie más abundante con 731 árboles ha-1, pero su altura fue más baja (5.0 m) y su diámetro a la altura del pecho mayor (15.2 cm) que en la otra zona. El carbono total almacenado en la segunda zona (383 Mg C ha-1) fue mayor que en la primera (321 Mg C ha-1). Conclusiones: El valor ecológico de la vegetación y la captura de carbono contribuye en el fortalecimiento de medidas de conservación y protección del manglar ante las invasiones urbanas.