Stunting is a worldwide public health concern, including in Indonesia. Even when living in an urban area with urban characteristics, it is still possible for children to be at risk of stunting. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and healthcare factors associated with stunting in a province experiencing tourism growth, namely, Bali. Cross-sectional data on Bali Province from the Indonesian Basic Health Research Survey (Riskesdas, 2018) were used as the basis for the research analysis. A total of 846 respondents under five years of age were analyzed, indicating a stunting prevalence of 19.0%. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated low maternal educational attainment (adjustedOR = 1.92; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.24–2.97), the inadequate consumption of iron tablets during pregnancy (adjustedOR = 1.56; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.08–2.24), and no extended family (adjustedOR = 1.55; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.07–2.26) as being significantly associated with stunting. According to these findings, sociodemographic and healthcare factors are associated with stunting in urban Bali. Improving women’s education, ensuring sufficient iron tablets are consumed during pregnancy, and encouraging the involvement of the extended family in childcare are recommended.

Introduction: Psychological factors affecting children have received less attention in relation to continued education, particularly among elementary school-aged children. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental depression and educational outcomes in children aged 6–12 years. Methods: This study was conducted using data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey. Children aged 6–12 years living with their parents were included in the study. The outcome variable was school dropout. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale was used to assess parental depression as the independent variable. Multivariate logistic regression was performed with covariate adjustments to determine the association of parental depression with educational outcomes. Results: Approximately 8.7% of the children dropped out of school, with the prevalence being higher among the boys (11.6%) than among the girls (5.5%). After being adjusted for covariates, maternal depression was found to be associated with an increased risk of school dropout, particularly when it occurred during the children’s toddlerhood and childhood (odds ratio=1.97; 95% confidence interval=1.04–3.74; P=0.037). In contrast, paternal depression was not associated with an increased risk of school dropout. Conclusion: These findings suggest that maternal depression significantly influences the likelihood of school dropout among children.

The extraordinary situation related to COVID-19 makes people worry about their health, family health, work, finances, and other daily activities. This condition can lead to social unrest, which has consequences for mental health problems. This study aims to determine the mental health consequences at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This is a cross-sectional study involving a target population aged 18 years and over who had access to electronic communication devices. An online questionnaire was randomly distributed and snowballed throughout 34 provinces in Indonesia. The study was conducted from 2 to 4 May 2020. Non-parametric and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression. Two thousand seven hundred forty-three participants were involved in this study, with 69.16% female. In sum, 6.92% of participants had General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores ≥ 10 for moderate-severe anxiety symptoms, and 8.57% had Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores ≥ 10 for moderate-severe depressive symptoms. The multivariate linear regression analyses showed that the strongest factors influencing anxiety and depression were a history of mental illnesses, chronic illnesses, the group affected by layoffs or job seekers, unemployed, students, younger age group, living in a rented house, single, and female. In contrast, the lower and secondary education level seems to reduce the risk of depression compared to those with higher education levels. Anxiety and depression occur during the periods of activity restriction during the COVID-19 pandemic and are influenced by several modifiable and non-modifiable factors. There is an urgent need to emphasize vulnerable groups such as those with a history of illness, those affected by layoffs/looking for work, and the younger age group.