Porcine parvovirus (PPV) disease is a worldwide spread animal disease with high infection rate and serious impact on meat economy causing significant losses in livestock production. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the regional seroprevalence of PPV in Tibetan pigs in Tibet and evaluate risk factors related to the disease. A total of 356 serum samples of Tibetan pigs were collected from four counties and districts in Tibet, and anti-PPV antibodies were detected by using a commercial competitive ELISA. Our results show a seroprevalence of 91.01% (324 serum samples were found to be positive for anti-PPV antibodies). The positive rate among different district was 100%, 96.55%, 93.68% and 72.83%, respectively in the Mainling County, in Bayi district, Nang County and Bomê County. We found significant differences between different age and gender groups; particularly female animals show a seroprevalence of 96.03% while the males only 83.46%. From the perspective of the growth stage, our results indicate that subadults show a seroprevalence significative higher than other age groups (100%). This study describes for the first time the PPV seroprevalence among Tibetan pigs characterizing risk factors involved in its transmission and providing information to be taken into account for eventual surveillance or eradication plans.

Ecological sustainable development is of great importance in the present age. The traditional free-range feeding mode of Tibetan aromatic pigs in Tibet is gradually being replaced by a semi-housed feeding mode due to the development of modern economic industry. In this study, we analysed the physicochemical properties and microbial composition of the soil under the original ecological environment and semi-housed feeding mode. The study revealed that the activities of Tibetan balsam pigs resulted in the disruption of the original shallow ecological structure of the soil, while the presence of faeces led to an increase in bacterial flora and the spoilage of fodder. Furthermore, the soil under the semi-housed mode exhibited an accumulation of nitrogen, potassium and organic carbon in the shallow layer. The abundance of species was found to be significantly lower than that observed in the original soil environment. At the soil's gate level, the abundances of Proteobacteria ( 31.05% and 32.33%), Bacteroidota (10.48% and 24.90%), and Firmicutes (38.32% and 4.31%) were higher. In contrast, the abundances of Chloroflexi (0.63% and 1.78%), Verrucomicrobiota (0.64% and 1.9 2%), and Planctomycetota (0.82% and 2.67%) were lower. At the level one Metabolism pathway, the Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, Lipid metabolism and Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism were significantly different (P< 0.05). Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism and Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites were highly significantly different (P< 0.01). In conclusion, the results of this experiment have demonstrated the significant impact of the semi-enclosed mode on the shallow soil layer. In order to facilitate targeted adjustments for later soil ecological restoration or sustainable use, it is crucial to consider the soil's physicochemical properties and microbial structure.