This study summarizes the most significant reports regarding the catalytic hydrogenolysis of glycerol to propanediols.

Supported Cu-containing bimetallic catalysts were prepared and used to convert glycerol to propanediols. The effects of supports, metals, metal loadings, and impregnation sequences were examined. A synergistic effect was observed between Cu and Ag when they were impregnated on γ-Al₂O₃. Characterizations revealed that the addition of Ag not only resulted in an in situ reduction of CuO, but also improved the dispersion of the Cu species on the support. A CuAg/Al₂O₃ catalyst with optimal amounts of Cu and Ag (Cu/Ag molar ratio 7 : 3, 2.7 mmol Cu+Ag per gram of γ-Al₂O₃) showed a near 100% selectivity to propanediols with a glycerol conversion of about 27% under mild reaction conditions (200 °C, 1.5 MPa initial H₂ pressure, 10 h, (Cu+Ag)/glycerol molar ratio of 3/100). Compared with a commercial copper chromite catalyst commonly used for this reaction, the CuAg/Al₂O₃ catalyst had much higher activity and did not need a reduction pretreatment.

An ionic liquid–organics–water ternary biphasic system has high 5-HMF productivity and separation efficiency in the CrCl₃ catalyzed conversion of glucose at high concentrations.